8 cm Kanone C/80

The 8 cm Kanone C/80 was a field gun developed during the late 1800s by Krupp for the export market. It saw action in numerous regional conflicts as well as World War I.

8 cm Kanone C/80
An 8 cm Kanone C/80 at the Athens War Museum.
TypeField gun
Place of originGerman Empire
Service history
In service1880-1922
Used bySee users
WarsSee wars
Production history
DesignerKrupp
Designed1880
ManufacturerKrupp
Produced1880
Specifications
Mass850 kg (1,870 lb)
Barrel length2 m (6 ft 7 in) L/27[1]
ShellSeparate-loading, bagged charges and projectiles
Shell weightCommon: 4.3 kg (9 lb 8 oz)
Canister: 4.9 kg (10 lb 13 oz)
Shrapnel: 4.3 kg (9 lb 8 oz)
Caliber75 mm (3 in)
BreechHorizontal sliding-block[1]
RecoilNone
CarriageBox trail
Elevation+8° to +24°
TraverseNone
Rate of fire10 rpm
Muzzle velocity460 m/s (1,500 ft/s)
Maximum firing range6 km (3.7 mi)[1]

History

After the Franco-Prussian War, the German Army began to study replacements for its existing C/61 breech loaded cannon. Although the breech-loaded steel C/61 had outclassed its French muzzle-loading bronze rivals during the war, its Wahrendorff breech was unpopular with gun crews. The new gun, designated the C/73 would retain the same 78.5 mm (3.09 in) caliber of the C/61, and would equip cavalry artillery regiments of the German Army.[2]

Krupp was also active on the export market at this time and one of their stock models was the C/80, which although similar to the C/73 had a longer 27 caliber barrel. Despite being called an 8 cm cannon in the Krupp catalog, it actually fired 75 mm (3 in) ammunition. The German and Austro-Hungarian Army during that period rounded up to the nearest centimeter. To confuse things even further the C/80 was often given model numbers by their customers based on the year they were purchased or when their armories began licensed production.[2]

The C/80 armed the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan states during the late 1800s and during World War I. These were either purchased from Krupp, produced under license or were captured from the Ottomans during the Balkan Wars. The Turks used C/73's and C/80's that they had converted to makeshift anti-aircraft guns as late as 1922.[1]

Design

The C/80 was of built-up construction with a central rifled tube, a reinforcing hoop from the trunnions to the breech and used new smokeless powder for greater muzzle velocity and range. The C/80 used the same type of breech as the C/73 known as a cylindro-prismatic breech that was a predecessor of Krupp's horizontal sliding-block and the gun used separate-loading, bagged charges and projectiles. Since the C/80 had limited elevation +8° to +24° it was a direct fire weapon meant to fire on infantry in the open and the most common types of shells were common, canister and shrapnel. Like the C/73 the C/80 was normally assigned to cavalry artillery batteries.[1]

The C/80 had a box trail carriage built from bolted steel plates instead of wood. The C/80 did not have a recoil mechanism or a gun shield. For transport, the gun was attached to a limber for towing by a 6-horse team. The limber also had seats for crew members plus ammunition and supplies. There were also seats attached to the axle of the gun carriage for the crew.[1]

Users

Wars
  • One of the eight C/80's manufactured in 1897 for the Orange Free State and captured at the Battle of Bothaville.
  • Since 1906 it has been part of the Western Australian Memorial in Kings Park, Perth.
  • A C/80 at the Australian War Memorial, Canberra, Australia. The gun was captured by NSW Mounted Rifles at Rensburg Drift, 27 October 1900.
  • A Brazilian gun.
  • A C/80 with limber.
  • The breech block of the C/80.
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References
  1. "Krupp 75mm 1886". www.bulgarianartillery.it. Retrieved 2018-10-28.
  2. Jäger, Herbert (2001). German artillery of World War One. Marlborough: Crowood Press. pp. 11–15. ISBN 1861264038. OCLC 50842313.
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