2014 Ludian earthquake

The 2014 Ludian earthquake struck Ludian County, Yunnan, China, with a moment magnitude of 6.1 on 3 August.[16] The earthquake killed at least 617 people, injuring at least 2,400 others.[17][18] As of 5 August 2014, 112 people remain missing.[19] Over 12,000 houses collapsed and 30,000 were damaged.[20] According to the United States Geological Survey, the earthquake occurred 29 km (18 mi) WSW of Zhaotong city at 16:03 local time (08:03 UTC).[21][22][23][24]

2014 Ludian earthquake
Satellite image of the immediate area affected by the Ludian earthquake. Size of red circles represent number of deceased per county.
Kunming
2014 Ludian earthquake (Yunnan)
Location of epicenter in Yunnan
UTC time2014-08-03 08:30:13
ISC event605131010
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local date3 August 2014
Local time16:03:13 CST (UTC+8)
Magnitude6.5 ML[1][2][3][4][5] 6.1 Mw[6]
Depth10.0 km (6.2 mi)
Epicenter27.245°N 103.427°E / 27.245; 103.427
Areas affectedYunnan, China
Total damage$6 billion[7]
Max. intensityVIII (Severe)[8][9]
Casualties617 dead

(As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10] [11][12][13][14]
3,143 injured
(As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [7][10]
112 missing
(As of 8 August 7:00 UTC)

[10][15]

Tectonic setting

The Ludian earthquake occurred at 16:03, Beijing time (08:03 UTC), on 3 August 2014. American geological surveys indicated that the epicenter was 29 km (18 mi) WSW of Zhaotong city at a depth of 10.0 km (6.2 mi),[25] in the quake-prone province of Yunnan in southwestern China, about 18 km (11 mi) from Zhaotong. It was especially felt in the province of Yunnan, and less in the provinces of Guizhou and Sichuan.[26]

ShakeMap of the earthquake from the United States Geological Survey.

The magnitude of the earthquake was 6.1 on the moment magnitude scale,[16] with an intensity of up to VII (Very strong) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The quake was the result of a strike-slip fault, whose fault plane has a southwest-northeast strike.[27]

Seismicity in this region of southeast Asia is the direct result of the orogenic activity of the Himalayan mountain belt. Due to the complex interaction between the Eurasian Plate and Indo-Australian Plate from Afghanistan in the west to Burma and China in the east, many shallow sub-surface faults are present in both southwest China and neighbouring Myanmar.

Recent earthquakes

This particular part of Yunnan Province was struck by the Mw 6.3 Burma earthquake in 2003.[28] Similar events have occurred in recent years due to strike-slip faulting in the nearby vicinity, such as the 2006 Yunnan earthquake of magnitude 5.0, which killed 19 people,[29] the largest of recent times, the Mw 7.9 2008 Sichuan earthquake, which killed over 69,000 people, the Mw 6.9 2011 Shan earthquake,[30] and more recently, the 2012 Yunnan earthquakes, which was the result of reverse faulting and not strike-slip faulting like the Ludian earthquake,[31] killing 81 people and injuring 821 others.[32]

Damage and casualties
Zhoujiaping (周家坪村), after the earthquake
Longtoushan Town(龙头山镇) after the earthquake.
Casualties Ludian Qiaojia Zhaoyang Huize Total
Deaths 526 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13] 78 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13] 1 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13] 12 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13] 617 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13]
Injured 1,713 (As of 5 August 6:30 UTC) [17][18] 290 (As of 5 August 6:30 UTC) [17][18] ? 370 (As of 5 August 6:30 UTC) [17][18] 3,143
(As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13]
Missing 109 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13] 3 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13] 0 0 112 (As of 8 August 7:00 UTC) [10][12][13]

The earthquake caused significant damage in the immediate vicinity of the epicenter, principally in the city of Zhaotong, where power outages and significant structural damage were reported.[33] Chinese authorities announced that the quake left at least 391 dead, and over 1,801 injured.[34][35]

According to the South China Morning Post, the tremor was felt in nearby towns, including the capital of Yunnan, Kunming, also in Chongqing, Leshan and Chengdu in the neighboring province of Sichuan.[36] Road access to Longquan Village (龙泉村) of Longtoushan Town (龙头山镇), Ludian County, was blocked, where buildings collapsed.[37] In Ludian, it was reported that around 12,000 homes had collapsed, many of them being aged brick structures.[38]

Aftershock

Aftershock: 3 August 6:00 a.m. until 9 UTC in times or more (more than nine times more than M 3.0) up by China Seismic Bureau). The largest aftershock earthquake M 4.2.[39]

NumberDate(° N)(°E)Focal depth (km)MagnitudeLocationEarthquake time (BJT)
1[39]2014-8-327.1103.3126.5Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province16:03:10
2[39]2014-8-327.1103.453.3Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province16:45:18
3[39]2014-8-327.1103.453.1Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province18:12:41
4[39]2014-8-327.1103.493.1Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province18:34:00
5[39]2014-8-327.1103.454Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province19:07:20
6[39]2014-8-327103.483.1Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province19:46:31
7[39]2014-8-327.1103.454.1Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province21:47:07
8[39]2014-8-327.1103.3114.1Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province22:28:29
9[39]2014-8-427.1103.454.2Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province3:30:31
10[39]2014-8-427.1103.453.1Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province7:06:10

Response and relief
Mourning held in Baogunao (包谷垴乡) for victims in Ludian earthquake on 8 August 2014.

The Chinese government sent a 30-man team to the epicentre region immediately after the earthquake struck, as well as 2,000 tents, 3,000 folding beds, 3,000 quilts, and 3,000 coats to provide shelter for the displaced and homeless.[33] The majority of the injured have been transported to safe areas.[34]

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, who flew to the epicenter on the morning of 4 August,[40][41] sent a joint working group to investigate and assist the locals in the rescue.[42]

Donation

As of 17:00 (UTC+8) on 15 August 2014, Yunnan Province received 536 million Yuan in donated money and 50 million Yuan in donated goods.[43]

Government and organizations
NameDonations (CNY)
Beijing Government10,000,000[44]
Shanghai Government10,000,000[45]
Li Ka Shing Foundation30,000,000[46]
Zhangjiakou Bureau of Finance1,000,000[47]
Shanxi Government5,000,000[48]
Liaoning Government5,000,000[49]
Shenzhen Government5,000,000[50]
Yongshan Government1,000,000[51]
Macao Red Cross300,000[52]
Jiangxi Province Red Cross Society100,000[53]
Communist Party of China
Yunnan Provincial Organization Department		1,000,000[54]
USA San Francisco Chinese Community307,895[55]

Company
NameDonations (CNY)
Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Monopoly Bureau10,000,000[56]
Yunnan Tobacco Industry Limited Liability Company10,000,000[57]
China National Petroleum Corporation5,000,000[58]
Yunnan Province Rural Credit Cooperatives5,000,000[59]
GE3,000,000[60]
Wuliangye4,000,000[61]
China Resources5,000,000[62]
Dalian Wanda Group10,000,000[63]
Tencent Foundation5,000,000[64]
Baidu Foundation5,000,000[65]
Xiaomi1,000,000[66]
NetEase3,000,000[67]
Qihoo3,000,000[68]
JD.com5,000,000[69]
Alibaba Group5,000,000[70]
Thunder Networking Technologies1,000,000[71]
Yili Group5,000,000[72]
Haier6,000,000[73]
Evergrande Real Estate Group10,000,000[74]
Taiwan Compatriots Investment Enterprises Association2,000,000[75]
Want Want2,000,000[76]
Beijing City Association of enterprises with investment of Taiwan compatriots1,000,000[77]
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China5,000,000[78]
China Construction Bank5,000,000[79]
China Development Bank5,000,000[80]
Apple Inc.10,000,000[81]
China Pacific Insurance5,000,000[82]
Nikon3,000,000[83]
Samsung Group30,000,000[84]
China Merchants Bank5,000,000[85]
Bank of Communications5,000,000[86]
GOME Electrical Appliances5,000,000[87]
People's Insurance Company of China10,000,000[88]
JDB Group200 tents, Kata Boryocha and water[89]
Mengniu Dairy2000 boxes of milk[90]

Personal
NameDonations (CNY)
Adili Maimaitito500,000[91]
Han Hong1,000,000[92]
Huang Xiaoming100,000[92]
Zhang Guoli500,000[92]
Jay Chou500,000[92]
Mickey He500,000[92]
gollark: You can't 100% *prove* anything.
gollark: At least, observations suggest that it is a particle which exists and does things.
gollark: Yes we did. Ish.
gollark: What about it?
gollark: It's *just* a general suggestion to not add excessive things to your explanation for no reason.

See also

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