1924 Winter Olympics

The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Iers Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event which was held in 1924 in Chamonix, France. Originally held in association with the 1924 Summer Olympics, the sports competitions were held at the foot of Mont Blanc in Chamonix, and Haute-Savoie, France between January 25 and February 5, 1924.[1] The Games were organized by the French Olympic Committee, and were originally reckoned as the "International Winter Sports Week." With the success of the event, it was retroactively designated by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as the I Olympic Winter Games.

I Olympic Winter Games
Poster for the 1924 Winter Olympic Games
Host cityChamonix, France
Nations16
Athletes258
Events16 in 6 sports (9 disciplines)
Opening25 January
Closing5 February
Opened by
Gaston Vidal
StadiumStade Olympique de Chamonix
Winter
St Moritz 1928 →
Summer
← Antwerp 1920 Paris 1924 →

The tradition of holding the Winter Olympics in the same year as the Summer Olympics would continue until 1992, after which the current practice of holding a Winter Olympics in the second year after each Summer Olympics began.

Although Figure Skating had been an Olympic event in both London and Antwerp, and Ice Hockey had been an event in Antwerp, the winter sports had always been limited by the season. In 1921, at the convention of the IOC in Lausanne, there was a call for equality for winter sports, and after much discussion it was decided to organize an "international week of winter sport" in 1924 in Chamonix.

Highlights

Day 2

The first gold medal awarded in the Olympic Winter Games was won by Charles Jewtraw of the United States in the 500-meter speed skate.

Day 4

Sonja Henie, at just eleven years old, skates in the ladies' figure skating competition. Although she finishes last, she becomes popular with fans. Henie went on to take gold at the next three Winter Olympics.

Day 6

The figure skater Gillis Grafström was the first one to successfully defend his Summer Olympics title at the Winter Olympics.

Day 8

The Canadian ice hockey team (Toronto Granites) finished their qualifying round with three wins, scoring a total of 85 goals against Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, and Sweden without surrendering even a single goal against.

Day 10

Finding themselves in the same situation as Gillis Grafström, the Canadian ice-hockey team is the last ever to successfully defend its Summer Olympics title at the Winter Olympics. Canada would dominate ice hockey in early Olympic competition, winning six of the first seven gold medals awarded.

Epilogue

At the closing of the games a prize was awarded for a sport that did not lend itself very well for tournaments: Pierre de Coubertin presented a prize for 'alpinisme' (mountaineering) to Charles Granville Bruce, the leader of the expedition that tried to climb Mount Everest in 1922.

For the first time in the history of the modern Olympics, the host country, in this case, France, failed to win any gold medals, finishing with three bronze medals. This feat would later occur at the next Winter Olympics in St. Moritz where Switzerland won only a single bronze medal, the lowest ever output by a host nation at an Olympics. Later host nations to finish without gold medals included Canada at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary and Yugoslavia at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.

In 1925, the IOC decided to organize Olympic Winter Games every four years, independent of the Olympic Games proper, and recognized the International Winter Sports Week as the first Olympic Winter games in retrospect.

In 1974 the final individual medal of Chamonix 1924 was presented. Anders Haugen, who until then had been recorded as finishing fourth in the ski jumping event, received a bronze medal. After fifty years an error had been discovered in the score of Thorleif Haug.

In 2006, the IOC confirmed that the awarded medals to 1924 curling teams were official. The IOC verified that curling was officially part of the program, after the Glasgow Herald newspaper filed a claim on behalf of the families of the team.[2]

Events

Medals were awarded in 16 events contested in 5 sports (9 disciplines). Many sources do not list curling and the military patrol, or list them as demonstration events. However, no such designation was made in 1924. In February 2006 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) ruled that curling was a full part of the Olympic program, and have included the medals awarded in the official count.

Venues
Main article: Venues of the 1924 Winter Olympics
  • La Piste de Bobsleigh des Pellerins – Bobsleigh
  • Le Tremplin Olympique du Mont – Ski jumping, Nordic combined (ski jumping)
  • Stade Olympique de Chamonix – Cross-country skiing, Curling, Figure skating, Ice hockey, Military patrol, Nordic combined (cross-country skiing), and Speed skating

Participating nations

Athletes from 16 nations competed in the first Winter Olympic Games. Germany was banned from competing in the games, and instead hosted a series of games called Deutsche Kampfspiele.

Participating National Olympic Committees

Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees

Medal count
Main article: 1924 Winter Olympics medal table

  *   Host nation (France)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Norway47617
2 Finland44311
3 Austria2103
4 Switzerland2013
5 United States1214
6 Great Britain1124
7 Sweden1102
8 Canada1001
9 France*0033
10 Belgium0011
Totals (10 nations)16161749

Podium sweeps
Date Sport Event NOC Gold Silver Bronze
30 January Cross-country skiing Men's 50 kilometre  Norway Thorleif Haug Thoralf Strømstad Johan Grøttumsbråten
4 February Nordic combined Normal hill  Norway Thorleif Haug Thoralf Strømstad Johan Grøttumsbråten
gollark: Obviously people can change gender substantially over larger timescales.
gollark: Yes, but by how much? Are people making extremely small gender shifts constantly? Do genders change every time electrons move in the brain (by essentially zero amount?)?!!!!?
gollark: Perhaps we should have labels for first and second derivative of gender on various axes.
gollark: They are moving through genderspace over time, yes, I said so.
gollark: Brains don't operate at infinite speed. I guess it depends on what you count as a gender change.

See also

Other Olympic Games celebrated in France

Notes
  1. The official website of the Olympic Movement now treats Men's Military Patrol at the 1924 games as an event within the sport of Biathlon.[3][4] However the 1924 Official Report treats it as an event and discipline within what was then called Skiing and is now called Nordic Skiing.[5][6]

References
  1. "1924 Winter Olympics – Medals, Posters and Bobsleighs". My Art Deco Style. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
  2. Thompson, Anna (9 February 2006). "GB curlers awarded belated gold". news.bbc.co.uk. BBC Sport. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
  3. "Biathlon Results - Chamonix 1924". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
  4. "Olympic Games Medals, Chamonix 1924". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
  5. Official Report (1924), p 646: Le Programme ... II. — Epreuves par équipes - 12. Ski : Course militaire (20 à 30 kilomètres, avec tir). (The Programme ... II. — Team events - 12. Skiing : Military Race (20 to 30 kilometres, with shooting)).
  6. Official Report (1924), p 664: CONCOURS DE SKI - Jurys - COURSE MILITAIRE. (Skiing Competitions - Juries - Military Race)
  7. "I taliolümpiamängud Chamonix 1924 (25. jaanuar – 5. veebruar)" (in Estonian). Postimees. 2006-01-18. Archived from the original on 2012-09-12.
New sporting event Winter Olympics
Chamonix
I Olympic Winter Games (1924)		 Succeeded by
St. Moritz
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