1910 United States House of Representatives elections

Elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1910 were held for members of the 62nd Congress, in the middle of President William Howard Taft's term.

1910 United States House of Representatives elections

November 8, 1910[lower-alpha 1]
All 394 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives[lower-alpha 2] 198 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Champ Clark James Mann Party Democratic Republican Leader since March 4, 1909 March 4, 1911 Leader's seat Missouri 9th Illinois 2nd Last election 172 seats 218 seats Seats won 227[1][2] 161[1][2] Seat change 55 57 Popular vote 5,700,035 5,680,628 Percentage 46.69% 46.53% Swing 1.31% 3.52%   Third party Fourth party   Party Socialist Independent Last election 0 seats 1 seat [lower-alpha 3] Seats won 1[1][2] 2 [lower-alpha 4][lower-alpha 5][lower-alpha 6] Seat change 1 1 Popular vote 527,968 57,938 Percentage 4.32% 0.47% Swing 1.94% 0.04%
Speaker before election Joseph Cannon Republican Elected Speaker Champ Clark Democratic

The conservative Taft contended with major factional splits within his Republican Party. Instead of using his position as president to bridge compromise, Taft alienated the progressive wing of the party, which had championed his predecessor, Theodore Roosevelt. While conservatives controlled the largest number of elected positions for Republicans, progressive politics had been what brought many voters to the polls. The clash of these units of the Republican Party, combined with the message of unity from the Democratic Party, was enough to allow the Democrats to take control of the House, ending 16 years in opposition. This was the first time that the Socialist Party won a seat.

Issues

Protection was the ideological cement holding the Republican coalition together. High tariffs were used by Republicans to promise higher sales to business, higher wages to industrial workers, and higher demand for their crops to farmers. Progressive insurgents said it promoted monopoly. Democrats said it was a tax on the little man. It had greatest support in the Northeast, and greatest opposition in the South and West. The Midwest was the battle ground.[3] The great battle over the high Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act in 1910 ripped the Republicans apart and set up the realignment in favor of the Democrats.[4]

Election summaries

↓

230	2	162
Democratic	[lower-alpha 7]	Republican

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Republican		Socialist
			Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	Districts	9	9		0		0
Arkansas	Districts	7	7		0		0
California	Districts	8	1	1	7	1	0
Colorado	Districts + at-large	3	3		0		0
Connecticut	Districts + at-large	5	1	1	4	1	0
Delaware	At-large	1	0		1		0
Florida	Districts	3	3		0		0
Georgia	Districts	11	11		0		0
Idaho	At-large	1	0		1		0
Illinois	Districts	25	11	5	14	5	0
Indiana	Districts	13	12	1	1	1	0
Iowa	Districts	11	1		10		0
Kansas	Districts	8	0		8		0
Kentucky	Districts	11	9	1	2	1	0
Louisiana	Districts	7	7		0		0
Maine[lower-alpha 8]	Districts	4	2	2	2	2	0
Maryland	Districts	6	5	2	1	2	0
Massachusetts	Districts	14	4	1	10	1	0
Michigan	Districts	12	2	2	10	2	0
Minnesota	Districts	9	1		8		0
Mississippi	Districts	8	8		0		0
Missouri	Districts	16	14	4	2	4	0
Montana	At-large	1	0		1		0
Nebraska	Districts	6	3		3		0
Nevada	At-large	1	0	1	1	1	0
New Hampshire	Districts	2	0		2		0
New Jersey	Districts	10	7	4	3	4	0
New York	Districts	37	22	11	15[lower-alpha 9]	11	0
North Carolina	Districts	10	10	3	0	3	0
North Dakota	Districts	2	0		2		0
Ohio	Districts	21	16	8	5	8	0
Oklahoma	Districts	5	3	1	2	1	0
Oregon	Districts	2	0		2		0
Pennsylvania	Districts	32	9	4	23	4	0
Rhode Island	Districts	2	1	1	1	1	0
South Carolina	Districts	7	7		0		0
South Dakota	At-large	2	0		2		0
Tennessee	Districts	10	8		2		0
Texas	Districts	16	16		0		0
Utah	At-large	1	0		1		0
Vermont[lower-alpha 8]	Districts	2	0		2		0
Virginia	Districts	10	9		1		0
Washington	Districts	3	0		3		0
West Virginia	Districts	5	4	4	1	4	0
Wisconsin	Districts	11	2	1	8	2	1	1
Wyoming	At-large	1	0		1		0
Total[lower-alpha 2]		394	230[lower-alpha 9] 58.4%	58	163[lower-alpha 9] 41.4%	56	1 0.3%	1

House seats Democratic   58.38% Republican   41.37% Socialist   0.25%

[[File:62 us house membership.png|thumb|450px| House seats by party holding plurality in state   80+% Democratic   80+% Republican   60+% to 80% Democratic   60+% to 80% Republican   Up to 60% Democratic   Up to 60% Republican ]]

[[File:62 us house changes.png|thumb|450px| Net gain in party representation   6+ Democratic gain     6+ Republican gain   3-5 Democratic gain     3-5 Republican gain   1-2 Democratic gain   1-2 Socialist gain   1-2 Republican gain   no net change ]]

Election dates

In 1910, two states, with 6 seats between them, held elections early:

• September 6 Vermont
• September 12 Maine

Two newly admitted states held elections late: New Mexico and Arizona held their first elections in 1911.

Special elections

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Georgia 2
Louisiana 2	Samuel Louis Gilmore	Democratic	1909 (Special)	Incumbent died July 18, 1910. New member elected November 8, 1910. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	Y H. Garland Dupré (Democratic) 82.71% Victor Loisel (Republican) 17.29%
Missouri 6
Virginia 4

California

Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives elections in California

See also: List of United States Representatives from California

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
California 1	William F. Englebright	Republican	1906	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y John E. Raker (Democratic) 45.4% William F. Englebright (Republican) 45.1% William Morgan (Socialist) 8.8% C. H. Essex (Prohibition) 0.7%
California 2	Duncan E. McKinlay	Republican	1904	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y William Kent (Republican) 50.1% I. G. Zumwalt (Democratic) 44% W. H. Ferber (Socialist) 5.2% Henry P. Stipp (Prohibition) 0.7%
California 3	Joseph R. Knowland	Republican	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Joseph R. Knowland (Republican) 81.9% S. Miller (Socialist) 15.9% James N. Christian (Prohibition) 2.2%
California 4	Julius Kahn	Republican	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Julius Kahn (Republican) 56.5% Walter MacArthur (Democratic) 36.8% Austin Lewis (Socialist) 6.5% E. F. Dinsmore (Prohibition) 0.2%
California 5	Everis A. Hayes	Republican	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Everis A. Hayes (Republican) 59.4% Thomas E. Hayden (Democratic) 27.4% E. L. Reguin (Socialist) 12.6% T. E. Caton (Proh.) 0.6%
California 6	James C. Needham	Republican	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	Y James C. Needham (Republican) 47.3% A. L. Cowell (Democratic) 44.2% Richard Kirk (Socialist) 6.2% Ira E. Surface (Proh.) 2.3%
California 7	James McLachlan	Republican	1900	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y William Stephens (Republican) 58.7% Lorin A. Handley (Democratic) 21.5% Thomas W. Williams (Socialist) 16.6% C. V. LeFontaine (Proh.) 3.2%
California 8	Sylvester C. Smith	Republican	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Sylvester C. Smith (Republican) 50.5% William G. Irving (Democratic) 33.9% George A. Garrett (Socialist) 13.1% James S. Edwards (Proh.) 2.5%

Florida

Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida

See also: List of United States Representatives from Florida

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Florida 1	Stephen M. Sparkman	Democratic	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Stephen M. Sparkman (Democratic) 81.8% C. C. Allen (Socialist) 18.2%
Florida 2	Frank Clark	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Frank Clark (Democratic) 78.5% Thomas W. Cox (Socialist) 12.2% Thomas C. Buddington (Republican) 9.3%
Florida 3	Dannite H. Mays	Democratic	1908	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Dannite H. Mays (Democratic) 89.6% Eric Vonaxelson (Democratic) 10.4%

Kansas

See also: List of United States Representatives from Kansas

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kansas 1	Daniel R. Anthony Jr.	Republican	1907 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Daniel R. Anthony Jr. (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 2	Charles F. Scott	Republican	1900	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Alexander C. Mitchell (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 3	Philip P. Campbell	Republican	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Philip P. Campbell (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 4	James Monroe Miller	Republican	1898	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Fred S. Jackson (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 5	William A. Calderhead	Republican	1894 1896 (Lost) 1898	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Rollin R. Rees (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 6	William A. Reeder	Republican	1898	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Isaac D. Young (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 7	Edmond H. Madison	Republican	1900	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Edmond H. Madison (Republican) [data unknown/missing]
Kansas 8	Victor Murdock	Republican	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Victor Murdock (Republican) [data unknown/missing]

Louisiana

See also: List of United States Representatives from Louisiana and 1910 United States Senate special election in Louisiana

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Louisiana 1
Louisiana 2	Samuel Louis Gilmore	Democratic	1909 (Special)	Incumbent died July 18, 1910. New member elected. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to finish the term, see above.	Y H. Garland Dupré (Democratic) 83.15% Victor Loisel (Republican) 16.85%[5]
Louisiana 3
Louisiana 4
Louisiana 5
Louisiana 6
Louisiana 7

Maryland

See also: List of United States Representatives from Maryland and 1910 United States Senate election in Maryland

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maryland 1	James Harry Covington	Democratic	1908	Incumbent re-elected.	Y J. Harry Covington (Democratic) 51.6% Abraham Lincoln Dryden (Republican) 45.2% Charles M. Elderdice (Prohibition) 3.1%
Maryland 2	J. Frederick C. Talbott	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	Y J. Frederick C. Talbott (Democratic) 51.8% William Benjamin Baker (Republican) 46.1% Harry E. Gilbert (Prohibition) 1.3% Charles W. Smiley (Socialist) 1.1%
Maryland 3	John Kronmiller	Republican	1908	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y George Konig (Democratic) 48.4% Charles W. Main (Republican) 47.4% Robert J. Fields (Socialist) 3.2% Conrad Mauler Jr. (Prohibition) 1.0%
Maryland 4	John Gill Jr.	Democratic	1904	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	Y John Charles Linthicum (Democratic) 50.8% Addison E. Mullikin (Republican) 45.7% Charles F. Klein (Socialist) 2.2% Stephen L. LeCompte (Prohibition) 1.3%
Maryland 5	Sydney Emanuel Mudd I	Republican	1888 1890 (Lost) 1896	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Thomas Parran (Republican) 49.2% J. Enos Ray Jr. (Democratic) 46.9% August Hartig (Socialist) 1.9% Samuel R. Neave (Prohibition) 1.6%
Maryland 6	George A. Pearre	Republican	1898	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y David John Lewis (Democratic) 48.1% Brainard Henry Warner Jr. (Republican) 46.1% Paul O. Weber (Socialist) 3.4% Finley C. Hendrickson (Prohibition) 2.5%

South Carolina

Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina

See also: List of United States Representatives from South Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1	George Swinton Legaré	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	Y George Swinton Legaré (Democratic) 97.4% Aaron P. Prioleau (Republican) 2.1% William Eberhard (Socialist) 0.5%
South Carolina 2	James O'H. Patterson	Democratic	1904	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold	Y James F. Byrnes (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 3	Wyatt Aiken	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Wyatt Aiken (Democratic) 99.9% Others 0.1%
South Carolina 4	Joseph T. Johnson	Democratic	1900	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Joseph T. Johnson (Democratic) 98.9% Thomas Brier (Republican) 1.1%
South Carolina 5	David E. Finley	Democratic	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	Y David E. Finley (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 6	J. Edwin Ellerbe	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	Y J. Edwin Ellerbe (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 7	Asbury F. Lever	Democratic	1901 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Asbury F. Lever (Democratic) 95.6% R. H. Richardson (Republican) 4.3% Others 0.1%

Virginia

See also: List of United States Representatives from Virginia

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Virginia 1
Virginia 2
Virginia 3
Virginia 4
Virginia 5
Virginia 6	Carter Glass	Democratic	1902 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Carter Glass (Democratic) [data unknown/missing]
Virginia 7
Virginia 8
Virginia 9
Virginia 10

Non-voting delegates

Alaska Territory

See also: List of United States Representatives from Alaska

Alaska Territory elected its non-voting delegate August 9, 1910.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alaska Territory at-large	James Wickersham	Republican	1908	Incumbent re-elected.	Y James Wickersham (Republican) Ed Orr (Republican)[6]

Arizona Territory

See also: List of United States Representatives from Arizona

Arizona Territory elected its non-voting delegate sometime in 1910, but did not serve out the complete term as statehood was granted in 1912.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arizona Territory at-large	Ralph H. Cameron	Republican	1908	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Ralph H. Cameron (Republican) [data unknown/missing][7]

New Mexico Territory

See also: List of United States Representatives from New Mexico

New Mexico Territory elected its non-voting delegate sometime in 1910, but did not serve out the complete term as statehood was granted in 1912.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Mexico Territory at-large	William Henry Andrews	Republican	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	Y William Henry Andrews (Republican) [data unknown/missing][8]

See also

• 1910 United States elections
  • 1910 and 1911 United States Senate elections
• 61st United States Congress
• 62nd United States Congress

Notes

1. Maine and Vermont held elections early, in September 1910.
2. Including late elections
3. Including one Independent Republican.
4. Includes Congressmen Theron Akin of the 25th District of New York, and Samuel Tribble of the 8th District of Georgia.
5. Theron Akin had been endorsed by the local Democratic Party in opposition to the Republican incumbent Cyrus Durey, but made known his intention to caucus with the Republican Party as an Progressive Republican upon being sworn in.
6. Samuel Tribble ran as an Independent Democrat in opposition to incumbent Congressman William Howard.
7. There was 1 Socialist and 1 Progressive Republican
8. Elections held early.
9. Including one Progressive Republican member, Theron Akin

References

1. "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
2. Martis, pp. 164–165.
3. Howard R. Smith, and John Fraser Hart, "The American tariff map." Geographical Review 45.3 (1955): 327-346 online.
4. Stanley D. Solvick, "William Howard Taft and the Payne-Aldrich Tariff." Mississippi Valley Historical Review 50.3 (1963): 424-442 online
5. "Our Campaigns - LA - District 02 Race - Nov 08, 1910". www.ourcampaigns.com.
6. "Our Campaigns - AK Territorial Delegate Race - Aug 09, 1910". www.ourcampaigns.com.
7. "AZ Territorial Delegate - Final Election". Ourcampaigns.com.
8. "NM Territorial Delegate". Ourcampaigns.com.

Bibliography

• Baker, John D. “The Character of the Congressional Revolution of 1910.” Journal of American History 60#3 (1973), pp. 679–691. online on the revolt against Cannon
• Coletta, Paolo E. The Presidency of William Howard Taft (1973) pp 101–120.
• Dubin, Michael J. (1998). 1788 United States Congressional Elections-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Gould, Lewis L. The William Howard Taft Presidency (2009) pp 107–120.
• Hechler, Ken. Insurgency; personalities and politics of the Taft era (1964) online
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
• Rubin, Ruth Bloch. "Organizing for Insurgency: Intraparty Organization and the Development of the House Insurgency, 1908–1910." Studies in American Political Development 27.2 (2013): 86-110 online.
• Solvick, Stanley D. "William Howard Taft and the Payne-Aldrich Tariff." Mississippi Valley Historical Review 50.3 (1963): 424-442 online.

External links

• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
• Secretary of State (1911). Maryland Manual 1911. Baltimore: John Murphy Co. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)