Škoda 14Tr

The Škoda 14Tr was a Czech trolleybus produced from 1981 to 1998. Prototypes were built in 1972 and 1974.

Škoda 14Tr
Škoda 14Tr in Hungary
Overview
ManufacturerŠkoda Works (1981–1995)
Škoda Transportation (1995–1998)
Production1981–1998
Body and chassis
ClassBus
Body styleSingle-deck
Doors3 (optionally 2)
Floor typeHigh-floor
Chassissemi-self-supporting with frame
Related15Tr
Powertrain
Electric motor600/750 VDC
Capacityseated:
24–29 (two doors)
32–41 (three doors)
standing:
51–56 (two doors)
48–39 (three doors)
Power output100–120 kW (134–161 hp)
Dimensions
Length11.340 m (37 ft 2 1⁄2 in)
Width2.500 m (8 ft 2 3⁄8 in)
Height3.410 m (11 ft 2 1⁄4 in) (over poles)
Curb weight10,000 kg (22,000 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor9Tr, (T 11 prototype)
Successor(17Tr prototype), 21Tr

After the unsuccessful attempt to merge the Karosa ŠM 11 bus and the Škoda T 11 trolleybus and the cancelled Škoda 13Tr project, a new style of trolleybus was designed in the early 1970s, designated the 14Tr. Development was halted because of plans to replace trolleybuses by diesel buses, but the 1973 oil crisis led to a re-evaluation and work on the 14Tr resumed.

Description

The 14Tr is a two-axle trolleybus with unibody construction. Its structure consists of mutually welded elements: the frame, side walls, roof and ends. Each component is welded together from steel shapes and castings. The body is covered with a steel skin; the section below the windows is thermally insulated and soundproofed. The interior is surfaces with plastic paneling. Domestic buses have three twin-leaf folding doors on the right side, while export units only have two. Transverse passenger seats are covered in leatherette. Electrical equipment uses the same thyristor pulse control as the 9Tr trolleybus.

Production and operation
Škoda 14Tr rear in Eberswalde, Germany

Between 1972 and 1998, 3,263 14Tr trolleybuses were built[1], plus two bodies that were used for the prototype TV-14Tr trolley-train[2] (a total of 3,265 units).

Electric Transit, Inc.
Main article: Electric Transit, Inc.

From 1994 to 2004, Electric Transit, Inc. (a joint venture between Škoda and AAI Corporation) assembled 297 14Tr-based trolleybuses for the transit operators in two cities of the United States: Dayton, Ohio and San Francisco, designated 14TrE/E2 ("E" for "E"xport) and 14TrSF ("S"an "F"rancisco), respectively. To meet "Buy America" requirements for federally-subsidized transit vehicle purchases, incomplete "shells" were manufactured at the Škoda plant in the Czech Republic and shipped to an American facility in Hunt Valley, Maryland for initial fitting-out. Final fitting-out was performed at leased facilities in the client cities.[3]

Country City Model Delivered Qty Fleet numbers
(as delivered)		 Notes and references
Armenia Gjumri 14Tr 49 [1]
Yerevan 14Tr 123 [1]
Azerbaijan Baku 14Tr 208 [1]
Ganja 14Tr 1987 5 211-215 [1]
Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo 14Tr 79 [1]
Bulgaria Sliven 14Tr 15 [1]
Sofia 14Tr 52 [1]
Varna 14Tr 15 [1]
China Beijing 14Tr 1 [1]
Shenyang 14Tr 1 [1]
Czechoslovakia/​Czech Republic Brno 14Tr 1982–1994 103 3164-3266 [4]
Hradec Králové 14Tr 1983–1990 30 04-30, 57-59 [5]
Jihlava 14Tr 1983–1991 24 20-43 [6]
Mariánské Lázně 14Tr 1974–1994 20 22-23, 33-50 22 & 23: 1st and 2nd prototypes; 33: 7th prototype[7]
Opava 14Tr 1982–1991 24 49-72 [8]
Ostrava 14Tr 1984–1992 39 3123-3141, 3242-3261 [9]
Pardubice 14Tr 1983–1994 48 see summary [10]
Pilsen 14Tr 1982–1991 115 340; 346-413; 415-460 [11]
Ostrov (Škoda) 14Tr 1980 1 4th prototype
Ostrov (Škoda) TV-14Tr 1985 1 constructed from two 14Tr bodies[12]
Teplice 14Tr 1982–1993 38 101/03-05/20-53 Skoda references indicate 37 units[1][13]
Usti nad Labem 14Tr 1988 5 401-405 [14]
Zlín-Otrokovice 14Tr 1982–1991 41 see summary 26 (1st): 3rd prototype[15]
Czechoslovakia/​Slovakia Banská Bystrica 14Tr 1988–1989 7 1001-1007 1001: 750 V prototype[16]
Bratislava (retired) 14Tr 1982–1991 115 61-78, 6219-6315 [17]
Prešov 14Tr 1982–1991 39 45-65, 69-81, 87-91 Skoda references indicate 36 units[1][18]
Žilina 14Tr 1994–1996 15 211-225 [19]
Estonia Tallinn 14Tr 1982–1989 99 210-308 [1][20][21][22][23][24]
Georgia Batumi 14Tr 1989 2 100-101 [1]
Gori 14Tr 1985-? 3 38; 40-41 [1]
Kutaisi 14Tr 2 [1]
Ozurgeti 14Tr 1989-? 2 24 & ? [1]
Poti 14Tr 2 018 & ? [25][26]
Rustavi 14Tr 1 81 [1]
Samtredia 14Tr 2 [1]
Sukhumi 14Tr 1987 2 97-98 [1]
Tbilisi 14Tr 1983–1990 226 123-347 316 used twice[1]
Zugdidi 14Tr 1 3 [1]
Kazakhstan Almaty 14Tr 1997 12 1001-10/30/32 Skoda references indicate 5 units[1][27]
Lithuania Kaunas 14Tr 1982–1998 125 see summary [1]
Vilnius 14Tr 1982–1997 228 see summary [1][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]
Latvia Riga 14Tr 1982–1997 254 see summary Skoda references indicate 253 units[1][36][37]
Hungary Szeged 14Tr 1993 1 T-700 [1]
Moldova Chisinau 14Tr.M 1997-2004 39 2140-2179 [1][38]
Germany Eberswalde 14Tr 1983 3 1-3 [1]
Potsdam 14Tr 1983 5 401-405 [1]
Weimar 14Tr 1982–1983 12 8000-8011 [1][39][40]
Russia Vologda 14Tr 6 [1]
Ukraine Chernivtsi 14Tr 1983–1990 102 217-318 [1][41][42][43][44][45][46]
Donetsk 14Tr 5 [1]
Ivano-Frankivsk 14Tr 1986–1988 31 126-156 [1][47][48][49]
Kiev 14Tr 1980–1989 354 see summary [1]
Luhansk 14Tr 1983–1990 55 201-245 221-230 used twice[1][50][51][52][53][54]
Lvov 14Tr 1984–1990 91 500-590 [1][55][56][57][58]
Mariupol 14Tr 1983–1990 76 1401-1476 [1][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]
Rovno 14Tr 1989 15 101-115 [1]
Simferopol-Alushta-Yalta 14Tr 1981–1990 160 see summary 002/001: 5th & 6th prototypes Skoda references indicate 162 units[1][1][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]
Ternopil 14Tr 1984–1989 30 086-115 [1][74][75][76]
United States Dayton, Ohio 14TrE 1995–96 3 9601–9603 [77][78][79]
14TrE2 1998–99 54 9801–9854
San Francisco 14TrSF 1999; 2001–04 240 5401–5640 [3][80][81]
Uzbekistan Tashkent 14Tr 145 [1]
Country City Model Delivered Qty Fleet numbers
(as delivered)		 Notes and references

Summary

CityFleet numbers
Kaunas215-302, 305-326, 336-351
Kiev101–199, 201-299, 301-398, 401-417, 1000-03/06/08/09, 2001-2034
Pardubice301/03/05/06/09/10/13-34/36-49/51/55-57/61/62
Riga1-101–1-130/1-132, 1-1100–1-1122/1-1133–1-1199, 2-200–2-233, 2-1001–2-1099
Simferopol - Alusta - Yalta001/002, 1021, 1801-25/50-66, 1900-04/50/52-56/59-61, 2000-10/50-52, 2100-06/50-55, 3900, 5850-53, 5950-53, 6000-05/50-57, 6100-06/50-56, 7850-53, 7900-03/50-53, 8000-07/50-53, 8100-05/50-56
Vilnius1400-1567, 1585-1599, 1605-2649 Note: The first digit (1 or 2) indicates the allocation; the fleet number is the last three digits.
Zlín - Otrokovice4/12/18-21/24-26/34/35/37/43/58/68/69/145-168 Note: Number 26 used twice.


14TrM production started in 1995 and continued until 2003. A planned order for Gatchina, Russia was cancelled when construction of the trolleybus system stopped in 2005.

Country In service Cities
Azerbaijan No Baku (retired with all network)
Bulgaria Yes Haskovo, Sliven (in passenger service); Ruse, Varna (service vehicles only); Sofia, Pazardzhik, Plovdiv, Stara Zagora (withdrawn)
China No Beijng; Shanghai
Czech Republic Yes
Hungary Yes Szeged
Russia Yes Vologda; Velikiy Novgorod; Yalta and Simferopol (disputed territories with Ukraine); cancelled order to Gatchina
Ukraine Yes
United States No Historic vehicles preserved in Dayton, OH and San Francisco, CA
Estonia No Tallinn (stored at Jarva-Jaani after withdrawal)
Latvia Yes Riga
Moldova Yes
Lithuania Yes Vilnius
gollark: 12-hour time is very silly because 12 AM/PM should be 0.
gollark: It's the correct time system, you utter person.
gollark: 24-hour time is not just "military time".
gollark: How graphical.
gollark: Something something omicron something something immune escape, as they say.

References
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  2. Šindelář, s. 96.
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  81. Trolleybus Magazine No. 256 (July–August 2004), p. 98

See also
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