COVID-19 pandemic in Canada

The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reached Canada on January 27, 2020, after an individual who had returned to Toronto from Wuhan, Hubei, China, tested positive. As of July 28, 2020, there have been approximately 115,000 confirmed cases, over 100,100 recoveries and 8,900 deaths in the country.[2] The Government of Canada has released modelling anticipating 11,000–22,000 deaths over the course of the pandemic, assuming "stronger epidemic control".[3]

COVID-19 pandemic in Canada
Active cases per million inhabitants by province/territory
Confirmed cases per 100,000 residents by health region
DiseaseCOVID-19
LocationCanada
First outbreakWuhan, Hubei, China
Index caseToronto, Ontario
Arrival dateJanuary 22, 2020[1]
(6 months, 3 weeks and 4 days)
DateAugust 15, 2020
Confirmed cases121,889[2]
Active cases4,648[2]
Recovered108,217[2]
Deaths
9,024[2]
Fatality rate7.4%
Government website
canada.ca/coronavirus

Most of those cases are in Canada's two most populous provinces, Ontario and Quebec. Confirmed cases have been reported in all of Canada's provinces and territories, with the exception of Nunavut. An additional 13 cases involve repatriated citizens from the Grand Princess cruise ship.[4][5][6][7] Until March, all cases were linked to recent travel to a country with a substantial number of cases. The first case of community transmission in Canada was confirmed in British Columbia on March 5,[8] and Toronto's chief health officer announced on March 16 that there is "some evidence of community transmission".[9]

In mid March, as cases of community transmission were confirmed, all of Canada's provinces and territories declared states of emergency. Provinces and territories have, to varying degrees, implemented school and daycare closures, prohibitions on gatherings, closures of non-essential businesses, restrictions on entry, and mandatory self-isolation for travellers.[10] Canada severely restricted its border access, barring travellers from all countries with some exceptions. The federal Minister of Health invoked the Quarantine Act, legally requiring all travellers (excluding essential workers) returning to the country to self-isolate for 14 days.

Among the Canadians who contracted the virus was Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, wife of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, who tested positive for the virus on March 12 after which the family went into self-isolation.[11][12] By March 28, she had recovered.[13][14] Various other politicians have gone into self-isolation due to travel or experiencing symptoms.[15]

Background and epidemiology

On January 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on December 31, 2019.[16][17]

The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003,[18][19] but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[20][18]

COVID-19 pandemic in Canada by province and territory, 15 August 2020, 2359 UTC ()
Province PopulationTestsPer kCasesPer mRecov.Deaths Per mActiveRef.
British Columbia5,110,917 300,23058.84,3588533,533196 38.2629[21]
Alberta4,413,146 801,360181.612,0532,73110,796221 50.11,036[22]
Saskatchewan1,181,666 120,4861021,5661,3261,35621 17.8189[23]
Manitoba1,377,517 112,28381.56634814439 6.5211[24]
Ontario14,711,827 2,558,839173.940,5652,75736,8732,789 189.6903[25]
Quebec8,537,674 972,294 113.961,0847,15553,7095,719 669.91,656[26]
New Brunswick779,993 56,53072.51842361692 2.613[27]
Prince Edward Island158,158 22,389141.641259360 05[28]
Nova Scotia977,457 69,19470.81,0741,0921,00764 65.53[29]
Newfoundland and Labrador521,365 28,28454.22685142633 5.82[30]
Yukon41,078 2,15652.415340140 01[31]
Northwest Territories44,904 3,68282511150 00[32]
Nunavut39,097 1,99851.10000 00[33]
 Repatriated travellersN/A N/AN/A13N/A130 N/A0[34][35][36]
Canada37,894,799 5,049,725133.3121,8893,217108,2179,024 238.14,648
Timeline of cases by province and territory
COVID-19 cases in Canada by province and territory()
Date Western Central Atlantic Northern RT Cases Deaths Recoveries[37] Sources
BC
[n 1]		 AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL YT NT NU NewCmlNewCmlNewCml
Jan 25 1[n 2] 1 1 [38]
Jan 27 1 1 2 [38]
Jan 28 1 1 3 [38]
Jan 31 1 1 4 [38]
Feb 4 1 1 5 [38]
Feb 6 2 2 7 [38]
Feb 12 7 1 1 [38]
Feb 14 1 1 8 1 [38]
Feb 19 8 1 2 [38]
Feb 20 1 1 9 2 [38]
Feb 23 1 1 10 2 4 [38]
Feb 24 1 1 11 4 [38]
Feb 25 11 3 7 [38]
Feb 26 1 1 12 7 [38]
Feb 27 1 1 2 14 7 [38]
Feb 28 2 2 16 7 [38]
Feb 29 1 3 4 20 7 [38]
Mar 1 4 4 24 7 [38]
Mar 2 3 3 27 7 [38]
Mar 3 4 2 6 33 7 [38]
Mar 4 1 1 34 1 8
Mar 5 8 1 3 2 14 48 8 [39][40][41][42]
Mar 6 1 5 6 54 8 [43][44][45]
Mar 7 6 6 60 8 [46]
Mar 8 2 4 1 7 67 8 [47][48][49][50][51]
Mar 9 5 3 3 1 12 79 1 1 1 9 [52]
Mar 10 7 7 2 2 18 97 1 9 [53][54][55]
Mar 11 7 5 5 2 1 1 21 118 1 1 10 [56][57]
Mar 12 7 4 1 3 18 8 41 159 1 10 [58]
Mar 13 11 6 1 1 19 1 39 198 1 10 [59][60]
Mar 14 9 10 4 24 4 1 1 1 2 56 254 1 10 [61][62][63][64][65]
Mar 15 17 3 42 15 4 3 84 338 1 10 [66]
Mar 16 30 18 1 1 32 14 1 2 4 103 441 3 4 1 11 [67]
Mar 17 83 23 1 7 13 24 1 2 2 1 157 598 4 8 11 [68][69]
Mar 18 45 22 8 2 25 20 3 5 130 728 1 9 11 [70]
Mar 19 40 27 4 43 27 1 2 1 145 873 3 12 2 13 [71][72]
Mar 20 77 49 6 60 18 1 1 3 215 1,088 12 2 15 [73]
Mar 21 76 31 18 2 59 42 6 6 2 1 243 1,331 7 19 1 16
Mar 22 33 8 1 48 38 1 7 3 2 141 1,472 1 20 2 18
Mar 23 48 42 14 78 409[n 3] 13 15 619 2,091 4 24 94 112 [74][75]
Mar 24 145 57 6 1 85 412 1 10 11 728 2819 3 27 72 185 [76][77][78]
Mar 25 42 61 14 14 100 299 8 2 17 32 1 590 3,409 8 35 11 197 [79]
Mar 26 66 67 9 1 170 290 7 4 5 15 634 4,043 4 39 31 228
Mar 27 67 56 9 3 135 392 12 2 17 20 1 714 4,757 16 55 125 353
Mar 28 92 79 30 25 151 477 6 20 18 898 5,655 6 61 146 499
Mar 29 40 22 8 211 342 15 12 15 665 6,320 5 66 31 530
Mar 30 86 29 20 24 351 590 2 7 5 13 1 1,128 7,448 23 89 529 1,059
Mar 31 43 64 8 7 260 732 2 3 20 4 1,143 8,591 12 101 173 1,232
Apr 1 53 117 9 24 426 449 11 26 23 1 1 1,140 9,731 10 111 309 1,541
Apr 2 55 97 13 40 401 907 10 1 20 8 2 1,554 11,285 27 138 430 1,971
Apr 3 53 107 14 15 462 583 4 14 12 1,264 12,549 49 187 351 2,322
Apr 4 29 106 11 12 375 896 3 29 8 1,469 14,018 46 233 326 2,648
Apr 5 69 18 9 408 947 3 26 14 1 1,495 15,513 47 280 294 2,942 [80]
Apr 6 63 98 4 1 309 636 2 31 9 1 1,154 16,667 43 323 674 3,616
Apr 7 25 25 7 13 379 760 2 17 2 1,230 17,897 58 381 434 4,050
Apr 8 45 50 11 4 550 691 3 3 32 4 1 1,394 19,291 54 435 603 4,653
Apr 9 34 28 7 3 483 881 3 31 4 1,474 20,765 74 509 658 5,311 [80]
Apr 10 40 49 7 6 478 765 1 34 3 1,383 22,148 60 569 702 6,013 [80]
Apr 11 35 69 4 13 411 615 21 2 1,170 23,318 84 653 415 6,428 [80]
Apr 12 82 9 -1 401 554 2 17 1 1,065 24,383 64 717 744 7,172 [80][81]
Apr 13 45 81 2 4 421 711 2 29 2 1,297 25,680 63 780 586 7,758
Apr 14 27 138 1 483 691 43 1,383 27,063 123 903 477 8,235
Apr 15 44 126 3 494 612 1 1 32 3 1,316 28,379 107 1,010 744 8,979 [82]
Apr 16 14 162 1 4 514 997 30 5 1,727 30,106 186 1,196 750 9,729
Apr 17 43 239 2 564 941 27 4 1 1,821 31,927 114 1,310 814 10,543
Apr 18 29 165 6 3 485 723 1 43 0[n 4] 1,455 33,382 160 1,470 664 11,207 [83]
Apr 19 241 2 568 836 26 1,673 35,055 117 1,587 636 11,843
Apr 20 52 105 1 1 606 962 46 2 1,775 36,830 103 1,690 743 12,586
Apr 21 25 187 4 1 551 807 16 1,591 38,421 144 1,834 602 13,188
Apr 22 71 306 6 2 510 839 35 1,769 40,190 140 1,974 798 13,986
Apr 23 29 319 5 5 634 873 55 1,920 42,110 173 2,147 775 14,761
Apr 24 29 297 10 1 640 778 23 1,778 43,888 155 2,302 780 15,541
Apr 25 95 216 8 4 476 651 15 1 1,466 45,354 163 2,465 884 16,425
Apr 26 247 4 4 437 840 8 1 1,541 46,895 95 2,560 818 17,243
Apr 27 50 216 12 1 424 875 27 1,605 48,500 147 2,707 910 18,153
Apr 28 55 154 1 525 775 1 15 1,526 50,026 152 2,859 942 19,095
Apr 29 34 315 17 1 347 837 20 1,571 51,597 137 2,996 1,079 20,174
Apr 30 25 190 6 2 459 944 12 0[n 5] 1,638 53,235 188 3,184 1,041 21,215
May 1 33 218 26 4 421 1,110 12 1 1,825 55,060 207 3,391 1,338 22,553
May 2 26 97 6 1 511 1,008 4 1,653 56,713 175 3,566 1,073 23,626
May 3 96 12 1 434 2,209[n 6] 8 2,760 59,473 116 3,682 1,103 24,729
May 4 53 70 34 370 758 14 1,299 60,772 172 3,854 1,059 25,788
May 5 8 57 20 1 387 794 1 6 1,274 62,046 189 4,043 928 26,716
May 6 23 70 25 2 412 910 1 7 1,450 63,496 189 4,232 1122 27,838
May 7 31[n 7] 54 19 -1 399 911 9 2 1,424 64,920 176 4,408 1,152 28,990 [84]
May 8 29 81 13 1 477 912 1 1,514 66,434 161 4,569 1,025 30,015 [85]
May 9 15 59 9 346 836 3 1,268 67,702 124 4,693 1,050 31,065
May 10 96 11 3 294 735 7 1,146 68,848 178 4,871 846 31,911
May 11 23 47 4 2 308 748 1 1,133 69,981 122 4,993 813 32,724
May 12 7 45 5 1 361 756 1 1,176 71,157 176 5,169 1,111 33,835
May 13 16 62 4 329 706 4 1,121 72,278 133 5,302 1,119 34,954
May 14 16[n 8] 50 5 -1 345 793 2 1,210 73,488 170 5,472 1,009 35,962 [86][87]
May 15 15 58 8 341 696 8 -1 1,125 74,613 90 5,562 821 36,783 [88]
May 16 21 72 1 391 763 3 1,251 75,864 117 5,679 1,066 37,849
May 17 57 1 340 737 3 1,138 77,002 103 5,782 625 38,474
May 18 16 39 1 304 707 3 1,070 78,072 60 5,842 698 39,172
May 19 2 33 7 427 570 1 1,040 79,112 70 5,912 803 39,975
May 20 21 19 21 390 578 1 1,030 80,142 119 6,031 748 40,723
May 21 22[n 9] 33 2 413 720 1 1 1,192 81,334 121 6,152 919 41,642 [89]
May 22 18 32 5 2 441 646 2 1,146 82,480 98 6,250 861 42,503
May 23 10 18 3 412 697 1 1,141 83,621 105 6,355 734 43,237
May 24 42 2 460 573 1 1,078 84,699 69 6,424 693 43,930
May 25 13 19 2 404 573 1 1,012 85,711 121 6,545 653 44,583
May 26 11 22 287 614 1 1 936 86,647 94 6,639 687 45,270
May 27 8[n 10] 25 2[n 11] 292 541 1 1 870 87,517 126 6,765 836 46,106
May 28 9 29 2 2 383 563 3 2 1 994 88,511 112 6,877 680 46,786
May 29 4 24 2 344 530 2 906 89,417 102 6,979 674 47,460
May 30 11 13 4 323 419 1 1 772 90,189 94 7,073 616 48,076
May 31 18 1 1 326 408 3 757 90,946 222[n 12] 7,295 765 48,841
Jun 1 24 34 1 404 295 1 759 91,705 31 7,326 667 49,508
Jun 2 4 13 2 446 239 1 705 92,410 69 7,395 813 50,321
Jun 3 22 19 1 1 338 291 2 1 675 93,085 103 7,498 677 50,998
Jun 4 9 15 1 356 259 1 641 93,726 139 7,637 717 51,715
Jun 5 0[n 13] 7 1 2 344 255 609 94,335 66 7,703 840 52,555
Jun 6 40 1 455 226 1[n 14] 723 95,058 70 7,773 1,027 53,582
Jun 7 415 225 1 1 642 95,700 27 7,800 651 54,233
Jun 8 27 64 4 243 198 9 545 96,245 35 7,835 600 54,833
Jun 9 10 27 2 230 138 1 1 409 96,654 62 7,897 739 55,572
Jun 10 11[n 15] 47 2 251 156 4 471 97,125 63 7,960 1,067 56,639
Jun 11 14 40 2 203 144 2 405 97,530 34 7,994 1,085 57,724
Jun 12 15[n 16] 30 3 1 182 181 1 413 97,943 55 8,049 799 58,523
Jun 13 37 1 2 266 158 3 467 98,410 58 8,107 831 59,354
Jun 14 50 1 1 197 128 377 98,787 39 8,146 918 60,272
Jun 15 36 20 18 181 102 3 360 99,147 29 8,175 770 61,042
Jun 16 11 29[n 17] 1 184 92 3 320 99,467 38 8,213 401 61,443
Jun 17 19 48 9 2 190 117 1 386 99,853 41 8,254 574 62,017
Jun 18 8 49 15 2 173 120 367 100,220 46 8,300 479 62,496
Jun 19 7 46 8 3 178 167 409 100,629 46 8,346 507 63,003
Jun 20 48 10[n 18] 2 206 124 0[n 19] 390 101,019 64 8,410 485 63,488
Jun 21 31 20 175 92 318 101,337 20 8,430 398 63,886
Jun 22 32 32 5 1 161 69 300 101,637 6 8,436 448 64,334
Jun 23 13 45 2[n 20] 216 49 1 326 101,963 18 8,454 370 64,704
Jun 24 14 44 4 1 163 53 279 102,242 30 8,484 387 65,091
Jun 25 20 26 2[n 21] 1 189 142 380 102,622 20 8,504 334 65,425
Jun 26 9[n 22] 37 13 2 111 77 249 102,871 11 8,515 301 65,726
Jun 27 69 5[n 23] 4 160 85 323 103,194 25 8,540 247 65,973
Jun 28 39 1 178 77 295 103,489 12 8,552 218 66,191
Jun 29 26 71 1 2 257 72[n 24] 429 103,918 14 8,566 987 67,178 [90]
Jun 30 12 41 6 1 157 68 1 286 104,204 25 8,591 416 67,594 [91]
Jul 1 149 66 1 216 104,420 28 8,619 152 67,746
Jul 2 24 94 10 153 69 1 0[n 25] 351 104,771 23 8,642 601 68,347
Jul 3 7[n 26] 57 1 165 89 319 105,090 21 8,663 346 68,693
Jul 4 9 29 2 121 102 3 266 105,356 11 8,674 313 69,006 [92]
Jul 5 15 52 4 138 79 2 290 105,646 10 8,684 251 69,257
Jul 6 7 49 3 154 74 1 299 105,934 9 8,693 313 69,570
Jul 7 12 47 1 112 60 232 106,166 18 8,711 313 69,883
Jul 8 18 46 2 118 82 1 267 106,433 26 8,737 364 70,247
Jul 9 20 37 5 170 137 1 1 371 106,804 12 8,749 297 70,544
Jul 10 25 77 2 116 100 1 321 107,125 10 8,759 327 70,871
Jul 11 21 54 2 130 91 298 107,423 14 8,773 365 71,236
Jul 12 20 96 23 129 114 1 383 107,806 10 8,783 201 71,437
Jul 13 21 80 31 116 100 1 349 108,155 7 8,790 404 71,841
Jul 14 13 86 5 5 111 109 1 1 331 108,486 8 8,798 329 72,170
Jul 15 21 82 5 102 129 1 1 341 108,827 12 8,810 315 72,485
Jul 16 21 120 42 1 111 142 437 109,264 17 8,827 351 72,836
Jul 17 28 105 13 5 111 141 2 405 109,669 12 8,839 23,851[n 27] 96,687
Jul 18 51 165 5 1 166 158 546 110,215 9 8,848 225 96,912
Jul 19 19 96 2 6 164 166 1 454 110,669 4 8,852 137 97,049
Jul 20 30 107 19 11 135 150 1 453 111,122 6 8,858 448 97,497
Jul 21 30 141 8 12 203 180 1 575 111,697 4 8,862 283 97,780
Jul 22 34 133 60 8 165 142 1 543 112,240 8 8,870 362 98,142
Jul 23 30 114 42 1 103 142 432 112,672 4 8,874 377 98,519
Jul 24 27 111 27 9 195 163 1 1 534 113,206 7 8,881 354 98,873
Jul 25 36 110 37 4 138 171 496 113,702 4 8,885 242 99,115
Jul 26 21 103 42 6 137 169 1 479 114,181 5 8,890 240 99,355
Jul 27 24 91 31 6 119 145 416 114,597 11 8,901 505 99,860
Jul 28 23 80 9 5 111 169 397 114,994 11 8,912 274 100,134
Jul 29 39 133 50 2 76 112[n 28] 412 115,406 7 8,919 331 100,465 [93]
Jul 30 29 113 38 2 89 139 410 115,816 10 8,929 397 100,862
Jul 31 50 127 13 6 134 164 2 496 116,312 6 8,935 365 101,227
Aug 1 43 97 15 2 124 146 427 116,739 6 8,941 358 101,585
Aug 2 29 67 8 18 116 141 2 381 117,120 4 8,945 249 101,834
Aug 3 46 74 17 7 88 123 355 117,475 2 8,947 209 102,043
Aug 4 28 65 9 91 123 316 117,791 11 8,958 407 102,450
Aug 5 47 94 8 2 86 155 4 396 118,187 4 8,962 338 103,788
Aug 6 47 56 11 30 95 133 2 374 118,561 4 8,966 318 103,106
Aug 7 53 134 22 17 88 108 1 1 424 118,985 4 8,970 329 103,435 [94]
Aug 8 50 108 24 16 70 126 394 119,379 6 8,976 131 103,566
Aug 9 37 101 12 35 79 104 368 119,747 5 8,981 161 103,727
Aug 10 44 48 5 16 115 156 1 385 120,132 7 8,987 2,626 106,353
Aug 11
Aug 12
Aug 13
Cases 4,065 11,687 1,450 558 40,161 60,627 176 36 1,071 267 15 5 0 13 120,132 cases 8,987 deaths 106,353 recoveries
Provincial
sources		 BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL YT NT NU RT
Western Central Atlantic Northern 4,792 active cases
[95] [96] [97] [98][99] [100] [101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109]
  1. British Columbia does not update on the number of cases on Sundays.
  2. This case was presumptive until confirmed on January 27.
  3. On March 23, Quebec announced that this large increase is due to new acceptance of tests by hospital center laboratories, without requiring confirmation by the Quebec Public Health Laboratory (LSPQ).
  4. There was a clerical error on April 18 that incorrectly recorded one positive case. The correction was noted by Dr. Janice Fitzgerald, Chief Medical Officer of Health, on April 22.
  5. The case was found to be a false positive on May 4.
  6. On May 3, Quebec announced that a computer error caused 1,317 missing positive COVID-19 cases, meaning there was only 892 new cases on the previous day.
  7. Two cases were removed to correct a data error in the Island Health region. This correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on May 8.
  8. One case was added to correct a data error in the Island Health region. This correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on May 14.
  9. Ten cases were added to correct data errors in the Interior and Island Health regions. This corrections were noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on May 22.
  10. One case was removed to correct a data error in the Vancouver Coastal region. This correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on May 28.
  11. One case was removed as Saskatchewan Health authorities determined it to be a false positive. This correction was noted in Saskatchewan's COVID-19 Update for June 1.
  12. On May 31, Quebec announced that 165 deaths reported were the result of catching up on deaths that occurred before May 23.
  13. One case was removed to correct a data error. This correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on June 5.
  14. One case missed in data entry on June 6. Case totals from Jun 6 to the 9th adjusted.
  15. One case was removed to correct a data error. This correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on Jun 10.
  16. One case was removed to correct a data error. This correction is based on the total cases reported by BC on June 12.
  17. Although Alberta reported 35 new cases the total number of cases increased by only 29. There was no explanation on the Alberta website explaining the difference.
  18. One case was removed as Saskatchewan Health authorities determined it involved someone who was from out of province. This correction was noted in Saskatchewan's COVID-19 Update for June 20.
  19. One case was removed as New Brunswick Health authorities determined it to be a false positive. This correction was noted in New Brunswick’s COVID-19 Update for June 20.
  20. The Saskatchewan Health authorities reported the following in the June 23 update: The Public Health Agency of Canada has provided surveillance guidance regarding the attribution of COVID-19 cases amongst provinces and territories. As a result, nine cases that have been attributed to Saskatchewan will no longer be included in the Saskatchewan total count.
  21. One case was removed as Saskatchewan Health authorities determined it involved someone who was from out of province. This correction was noted in Saskatchewan's COVID-19 Update for June 25.
  22. One case was removed to correct a data error. This correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on Jun 26.
  23. One case was removed as Saskatchewan Health authorities determined this to be a repeat positive result of an individual that has already been reported earlier. This correction was noted in Saskatchewan's COVID-19 Update for June 27.
  24. From June 26 to June 28, Quebec did not release daily updates on COVID-19 deaths and cases. After public outcry, the province resumed daily reporting on June 29
  25. The case was found to be a false positive on July 10.
  26. Six cases were removed because they are residents of a different province. The correction was noted in the BC COVID-19 Daily Situation Report on July 3.
  27. On July 17, the large number of recoveries is due to a revision of the algorithm used by the Institut National de Santé Publique du Quebec to determine when a person may be considered recovered.
  28. A data system change resulted in misreporting of the case and death numbers in Quebec on July 29. It was fixed on July 30.

Preparations
COVID-19 cases in Canada  ()
     Deaths        Recoveries        Active cases

Jan Jan Feb Feb Mar Mar Apr Apr May May Jun Jun Jul Jul Aug Aug Last 15 days Last 15 days

Date
# of cases
# of deaths
2020-01-25 1(n.a.)
2020-01-26 1(=)
2020-01-27 2(+100%)
2020-01-28
​
 3(+50%)
⋮
​
 3(=)
2020-01-31
​
 4(+33%)
⋮
​
 4(=)
2020-02-04
​
 5(+25%)
2020-02-05
​
 5(=)
2020-02-06
​
 7(+40%)
⋮
​
 7(=)
2020-02-12
​
 7(=)
2020-02-13
​
 7(=)
2020-02-14
​
 8(+14%)
⋮
​
 8(=)
2020-02-19
​
 8(=)
2020-02-20
​
 9(+12%)
⋮
​
 9(=)
2020-02-23
​
​
 10(+11%)
2020-02-24
​
​
 11(+10%)
2020-02-25
​
​
 11(=)
2020-02-26
​
​
 12(+9.1%)
2020-02-27
​
​
 14(+17%)
2020-02-28
​
​
 16(+14%)
2020-02-29
​
​
 20(+25%)
2020-03-01
​
​
 24(+20%)
2020-03-02
​
​
 24(=)
2020-03-03
​
​
 33(+38%)
2020-03-04
​
​
 34(+3%)
2020-03-05
​
​
 46(+35%)
2020-03-06
​
​
 54(+17%)
2020-03-07
​
​
 60(+11%)
2020-03-08
​
​
 67(+12%)
2020-03-09
​
​
 86(+28%) 1(n.a.)
2020-03-10
​
​
 95(+10%) 1(=)
2020-03-11
​
​
 116(+22%) 1(=)
2020-03-12
​
​
 156(+34%) 1(=)
2020-03-13
​
​
 198(+27%) 1(=)
2020-03-14
​
​
 257(+30%) 1(=)
2020-03-15
​
​
 341(+33%) 1(=)
2020-03-16
​
​
​
 441(+29%) 4(+300%)
2020-03-17
​
​
​
 597(+35%) 8(+100%)
2020-03-18
​
​
​
 727(+22%) 9(+12%)
2020-03-19
​
​
​
 872(+20%) 12(+33%)
2020-03-20
​
​
​
 1,087(+25%) 13(+8.3%)
2020-03-21
​
​
​
 1,331(+22%) 18(+38%)
2020-03-22
​
​
​
 1,470(+10%) 20(+11%)
2020-03-23
​
​
​
 2,091(+42%) 24(+20%)
2020-03-24
​
​
​
 2,792(+34%) 27(+12%)
2020-03-25
​
​
​
 3,409(+22%) 35(+30%)
2020-03-26
​
​
​
 4,043(+19%) 39(+11%)
2020-03-27
​
​
​
 4,757(+18%) 55(+41%)
2020-03-28
​
​
​
 5,655(+19%) 61(+11%)
2020-03-29
​
​
​
 6,320(+12%) 66(+8.2%)
2020-03-30
​
​
​
 7,448(+18%) 89(+35%)
2020-03-31
​
​
​
 8,591(+15%) 101(+13%)
2020-04-01
​
​
​
 9,731(+13%) 111(+9.9%)
2020-04-02
​
​
​
 11,283(+16%) 138(+24%)
2020-04-03
​
​
​
 12,549(+11%) 187(+36%)
2020-04-04
​
​
​
 14,018(+12%) 233(+25%)
2020-04-05
​
​
​
 15,512(+11%) 280(+20%)
2020-04-06
​
​
​
 16,667(+7.4%) 323(+15%)
2020-04-07
​
​
​
 17,897(+7.4%) 381(+18%)
2020-04-08
​
​
​
 19,291(+7.8%) 435(+14%)
2020-04-09
​
​
​
 20,765(+7.6%) 508(+17%)
2020-04-10
​
​
​
 22,148(+6.7%) 569(+12%)
2020-04-11
​
​
​
 23,318(+5.3%) 653(+15%)
2020-04-12
​
​
​
 24,383(+4.6%) 717(+9.8%)
2020-04-13
​
​
​
 25,680(+5.3%) 780(+8.8%)
2020-04-14
​
​
​
 27,063(+5.4%) 903(+16%)
2020-04-15
​
​
​
 28,379(+4.9%) 1,010(+12%)
2020-04-16
​
​
​
 30,106(+6.1%) 1,195(+18%)
2020-04-17
​
​
​
 31,927(+6%) 1,310(+9.6%)
2020-04-18
​
​
​
 33,383(+4.6%) 1,470(+12%)
2020-04-19
​
​
​
 35,056(+5%) 1,587(+8%)
2020-04-20
​
​
​
 36,831(+5.1%) 1,690(+6.5%)
2020-04-21
​
​
​
 38,422(+4.3%) 1,834(+8.5%)
2020-04-22
​
​
​
 40,190(+4.6%) 1,974(+7.6%)
2020-04-23
​
​
​
 42,110(+4.8%) 2,147(+8.8%)
2020-04-24
​
​
​
 43,888(+4.2%) 2,302(+7.2%)
2020-04-25
​
​
​
 45,354(+3.3%) 2,465(+7.1%)
2020-04-26
​
​
​
 46,895(+3.4%) 2,560(+3.9%)
2020-04-27
​
​
​
 48,500(+3.4%) 2,707(+5.7%)
2020-04-28
​
​
​
 50,026(+3.1%) 2,859(+5.6%)
2020-04-29
​
​
​
 51,597(+3.1%) 2,996(+4.8%)
2020-04-30
​
​
​
 53,236(+3.2%) 3,184(+6.3%)
2020-05-01
​
​
​
 55,061(+3.4%) 3,391(+6.5%)
2020-05-02
​
​
​
 56,714(+3%) 3,566(+5.2%)
2020-05-03
​
​
​
 59,474(+4.9%) 3,682(+3.3%)
2020-05-04
​
​
​
 60,772(+2.2%) 3,854(+4.7%)
2020-05-05
​
​
​
 62,046(+2.1%) 4,043(+4.9%)
2020-05-06
​
​
​
 63,496(+2.3%) 4,232(+4.7%)
2020-05-07
​
​
​
 64,922(+2.2%) 4,408(+4.2%)
2020-05-08
​
​
​
 66,434(+2.3%) 4,569(+3.7%)
2020-05-09
​
​
​
 67,702(+1.9%) 4,693(+2.7%)
2020-05-10
​
​
​
 68,848(+1.7%) 4,871(+3.8%)
2020-05-11
​
​
​
 69,981(+1.6%) 4,993(+2.5%)
2020-05-12
​
​
​
 71,157(+1.7%) 5,169(+3.5%)
2020-05-13
​
​
​
 72,278(+1.6%) 5,304(+2.6%)
2020-05-14
​
​
​
 73,401(+1.6%) 5,472(+3.2%)
2020-05-15
​
​
​
 74,613(+1.7%) 5,562(+1.6%)
2020-05-16
​
​
​
 75,770(+1.6%) 5,677(+2.1%)
2020-05-17
​
​
​
 77,002(+1.6%) 5,782(+1.8%)
2020-05-18
​
​
​
 78,072(+1.4%) 5,842(+1%)
2020-05-19
​
​
​
 79,112(+1.3%) 5,912(+1.2%)
2020-05-20
​
​
​
 80,142(+1.3%) 6,031(+2%)
2020-05-21
​
​
​
 81,324(+1.5%) 6,152(+2%)
2020-05-22
​
​
​
 82,480(+1.4%) 6,250(+1.6%)
2020-05-23
​
​
​
 83,621(+1.4%) 6,355(+1.7%)
2020-05-24
​
​
​
 84,699(+1.3%) 6,424(+1.1%)
2020-05-25
​
​
​
 85,711(+1.2%) 6,545(+1.9%)
2020-05-26
​
​
​
 86,647(+1.1%) 6,639(+1.4%)
2020-05-27
​
​
​
 87,517(+1%) 6,765(+1.9%)
2020-05-28
​
​
​
 88,511(+1.1%) 6,877(+1.7%)
2020-05-29
​
​
​
 89,417(+1%) 6,979(+1.5%)
2020-05-30
​
​
​
 90,189(+0.86%) 7,073(+1.3%)
2020-05-31
​
​
​
 90,946(+0.84%) 7,295(+3.1%)
2020-06-01
​
​
​
 91,705(+0.83%) 7,326(+0.42%)
2020-06-02
​
​
​
 92,410(+0.77%) 7,395(+0.94%)
2020-06-03
​
​
​
 93,085(+0.73%) 7,498(+1.4%)
2020-06-04
​
​
​
 93,726(+0.69%) 7,637(+1.9%)
2020-06-05
​
​
​
 94,335(+0.65%) 7,703(+0.86%)
2020-06-06
​
​
​
 95,057(+0.77%) 7,773(+0.91%)
2020-06-07
​
​
​
 95,699(+0.68%) 7,800(+0.35%)
2020-06-08
​
​
​
 96,244(+0.57%) 7,835(+0.45%)
2020-06-09
​
​
​
 96,652(+0.42%) 7,896(+0.78%)
2020-06-10
​
​
​
 97,125(+0.49%) 7,960(+0.81%)
2020-06-11
​
​
​
 97,530(+0.42%) 7,994(+0.43%)
2020-06-12
​
​
​
 97,945(+0.43%) 8,049(+0.69%)
2020-06-13
​
​
​
 98,410(+0.47%) 8,107(+0.72%)
2020-06-14
​
​
​
 98,787(+0.38%) 8,146(+0.48%)
2020-06-15
​
​
​
 99,147(+0.36%) 8,175(+0.36%)
2020-06-16
​
​
​
 99,467(+0.32%) 8,213(+0.46%)
2020-06-17
​
​
​
 99,853(+0.39%) 8,254(+0.5%)
2020-06-18
​
​
​
 100,220(+0.37%) 8,299(+0.55%)
2020-06-19
​
​
​
 100,629(+0.41%) 8,346(+0.57%)
2020-06-20
​
​
​
 101,019(+0.39%) 8,410(+0.77%)
2020-06-21
​
​
​
 101,337(+0.31%) 8,430(+0.24%)
2020-06-22
​
​
​
 101,637(+0.3%) 8,436(+0.07%)
2020-06-23
​
​
​
 101,963(+0.32%) 8,454(+0.21%)
2020-06-24
​
​
​
 102,242(+0.27%) 8,484(+0.35%)
2020-06-25
​
​
​
 102,622(+0.37%) 8,504(+0.24%)
2020-06-26
​
​
​
 102,794(+0.17%) 8,508(+0.05%)
2020-06-27
​
​
​
 103,032(+0.23%) 8,516(+0.09%)
2020-06-28
​
​
​
 103,250(+0.21%) 8,522(+0.07%)
2020-06-29
​
​
​
 103,918(+0.65%) 8,566(+0.52%)
2020-06-30
​
​
​
 104,204(+0.28%) 8,591(+0.29%)
2020-07-01
​
​
​
 104,420(+0.21%) 8,619(+0.33%)
2020-07-02
​
​
​
 104,771(+0.34%) 8,642(+0.27%)
2020-07-03
​
​
​
 105,090(+0.3%) 8,663(+0.24%)
2020-07-04
​
​
​
 105,316(+0.22%) 8,674(+0.13%)
2020-07-05
​
​
​
 105,535(+0.21%) 8,684(+0.12%)
2020-07-06
​
​
​
 105,934(+0.38%) 8,693(+0.1%)
2020-07-07
​
​
​
 106,106(+0.16%) 8,708(+0.17%)
2020-07-08
​
​
​
 106,433(+0.31%) 8,737(+0.33%)
2020-07-09
​
​
​
 106,804(+0.35%) 8,749(+0.14%)
2020-07-10
​
​
​
 107,125(+0.3%) 8,759(+0.11%)
2020-07-11
​
​
​
 107,347(+0.21%) 8,773(+0.16%)
2020-07-12
​
​
​
 107,812(+0.43%) 8,783(+0.11%)
2020-07-13
​
​
​
 108,156(+0.32%) 8,790(+0.08%)
2020-07-14
​
​
​
 108,486(+0.31%) 8,798(+0.09%)
2020-07-15
​
​
​
 108,827(+0.31%) 8,810(+0.14%)
2020-07-16
​
​
​
 109,264(+0.4%) 8,827(+0.19%)
2020-07-17
​
​
​
 109,669(+0.37%) 8,839(+0.14%)
2020-07-18
​
​
​
 109,999(+0.3%) 8,848(+0.1%)
2020-07-19
​
​
​
 110,338(+0.31%) 8,852(+0.05%)
2020-07-20
​
​
​
 111,124(+0.71%) 8,858(+0.07%)
2020-07-21
​
​
​
 111,697(+0.52%) 8,862(+0.05%)
2020-07-22
​
​
​
 112,240(+0.49%) 8,870(+0.09%)
2020-07-23
​
​
​
 112,672(+0.38%) 8,874(+0.05%)
2020-07-24
​
​
​
 113,206(+0.47%) 8,881(+0.08%)
2020-07-25
​
​
​
 113,556(+0.31%) 8,885(+0.05%)
2020-07-26
​
​
​
 113,911(+0.31%) 8,890(+0.06%)
2020-07-27
​
​
​
 114,597(+0.6%) 8,901(+0.12%)
2020-07-28
​
​
​
 114,994(+0.35%) 8,912(+0.12%)
2020-07-29
​
​
​
 115,406(+0.36%) 8,919(+0.08%)
2020-07-30
​
​
​
 115,799(+0.34%) 8,929(+0.11%)
2020-07-31
​
​
​
 116,312(+0.44%) 8,935(+0.07%)
2020-08-01
​
​
​
 116,599(+0.25%) 8,941(+0.07%)
2020-08-02
​
​
​
 116,884(+0.24%) 8,945(+0.04%)
2020-08-03
​
​
​
 117,031(+0.13%) 8,947(+0.02%)
2020-08-04
​
​
​
 117,792(+0.65%) 8,958(+0.12%)
2020-08-05
​
​
​
 118,187(+0.34%) 8,962(+0.04%)
2020-08-06
​
​
​
 118,561(+0.32%) 8,966(+0.04%)
2020-08-07
​
​
​
 118,985(+0.36%) 8,970(+0.04%)
2020-08-08
​
​
​
 119,378(+0.33%) 8,976(+0.07%)
2020-08-09
​
​
​
 119,746(+0.31%) 8,981(+0.06%)
2020-08-10
​
​
​
 120,131(+0.32%) 8,987(+0.07%)
Sources: The Globe and Mail and the Government of Canada
* On 17 July 2020, the large number of recoveries is due to a revision of the algorithm used in Quebec to determine whether a patient who is neither deceased nor currently hospitalized may be considered recovered.[110]

On January 1, 2020, the WHO set up the IMST (Incident Management Support Team) across all three levels of the organization: headquarters, regional headquarters and country level, putting the organization on an emergency footing for dealing with the outbreak.[111]

On January 7, when it appeared that there was a health crisis emerging in Wuhan, Public Health Canada advised travellers to China to avoid contact with animals, noting that they were very carefully monitoring the situation but there wasn't evidence of what caused the illness, or how it's spread.[112]

On January 14, a person in Thailand was the first patient outside of China who was confirmed to have COVID-19.[111]

On January 15, the federal government activated its Emergency Operations Centre.[113]

On January 17, the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) indicated plans were in progress "to implement signage" in the Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver airports to raise awareness of the virus, and that there would be an additional health screening question added to the electronic kiosks for passengers arriving from central China. The agency noted the overall risk to Canadians was low and there were no direct flights from Wuhan to Canada. The CBSA said it would not be, at that time, implementing extra screening measures, but would "monitor the situation closely".[114][115]

On January 23, the federal Minister of Health, Patty Hajdu, said that five or six people were being monitored for signs of the virus.[116][117] That same day, Dr. Theresa Tam was a member of the WHO committee that broadcast that it was too early to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The following day, in Wuhan, China, construction began on a new hospital to treat COVID-19 patients. The hospital took only 10 days to build and was widely reported around the world.[118]

Timeline of outbreak in Canada
Main article: Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada

Government response

Federal

Public health

The federal government activated its Emergency Operations Centre on January 15.[113] The federal government's pandemic response is based on two primary documents: the Canadian Pandemic Influenza Preparedness planning guidelines, which outlines risks and measures to address a viral disease,[119] and the Federal/Provincial/Territorial Public Health Response Plan for Biological Events, which includes identifying, tracking, and ensuring rapid access to medical care.[120] As of February 27, the response plan was at level 3 (escalated).[121]

On March 18, the federal Minister of Health, Patty Hajdu, announced that the federal government had signed an interim order to speed up access to COVID-19 test kits that would allow provincial labs to increase testing. The test kits are made by Switzerland-based Roche Molecular Systems and ThermoFisher Scientific.[122] According to Health Canada, "an Interim Order is one of the fastest mechanisms available to the Government of Canada to help make health products available to address larger scale public health emergencies. This Interim Order provides the Minister with the flexibility to consider the urgent circumstances relating to the need for the medical device, authorizations granted by foreign regulatory authorities, or possible new uses for medical devices that are approved in Canada."[123]

Social distancing at Shoppers Drug Mart in Toronto with limited number of shoppers allowed inside the store.

Theresa Tam, Chief Public Health Officer of Canada and head of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), said on March 19 that Canada would not know for two or three weeks if country-wide social distancing efforts have curbed the spread of COVID-19.[124]

On March 19, 2020, the federal government announced that it had added to Trudeau's March 11 announcement of $275 million in funding for an additional 49 projects to bring the total to 96 research projects that will focus on developing and implementing measures to detect, manage, and reduce the transmission of COVID-19.[125][126]

On March 20, as part of the announcement on Canada's industrial strategy (see below), Trudeau stated that the National Research Council will work with small- and medium-sized companies on health research to fight the virus.[127]

On March 23, Tam began appearing in public service announcements on radio and television, urging personal hygiene, social distancing, and against unnecessary travel.[128]

On March 24, 2020, a small number of MPs from each party met in the House of Commons to vote on an $82-billion emergency spending legislation, known as Bill C-13. The passage of the bill was stalled due to the federal government's proposed clauses that gave the finance minister the right to spend money and raise taxes without the approval of Parliament until December 31, 2021. After criticism from the Official Opposition over the minority government's "power grab" which was considered undemocratic, a revised bill was agreed upon the next day that would permit the government six months of special spending powers until September 30, 2020, with oversight from a Parliamentary committee.[129][130][131][132][133] The House of Commons' Health and Finance committees began holding weekly virtual meetings during the pandemic.[134][135]

On April 6, Tam began to suggest that the use of non-medical face masks in public could be an "additional measure" to "protect others around you in situations where physical distancing is difficult to maintain", but that this is not proven to protect the wearer, and is considered complementary to all existing health guidance issued thus far.[136] Trudeau brought up the topic the next day, where he said, "If people want to wear a mask, that is okay. It protects others more than it protects you, because it prevents you from breathing or... or... speaking, uh... 'moistly' on them." He immediately regrets his word choice and says, "Ugh, what a terrible image."[137][138][139] The unusual word choice has led the creation of a remix song, "Speaking Moistly", based on the speech.[140][141][142]

Long-term care homes
"Thank You Heroes" sign at a long-term care home in Markham, Ontario

Long-term care homes have been impacted heavily by the pandemic; on April 13, Tam reported that at least half of COVID-19 deaths in Canada had been linked to long-term care homes (with the exact number varying by province), and that "these deaths will continue to increase, even as the epidemic growth rate slows down.[143][144] Tam cited factors such as outside visitors, communal living spaces, and staff being transferred among multiple facilities, as particular vulnerabilities.[145][146] The pandemic has exacerbated pre-existing staffing issues at some facilities, including underpaid staff, and being understaffed in general.[147][143][148] On April 28, Tam stated that as many of 79 percent of Canada's COVID-19 fatalities occurred in long-term care homes.[149]

Health Canada has issued recommendations for long-term care homes, encouraging them to restrict outside visitors and volunteers, restrict employees from being transferred between multiple facilities, provide personal protective equipment, enforce physical distancing during meals, screen staff and essential visitors, On April 15, Trudeau announced that the federal government planned to provide additional pay to long-term care workers.[150][151]

Canadian Armed Forces
Main article: Operation LASER

Travel and entry restrictions
An almost empty SkyTrain in Vancouver on a Saturday afternoon

On March 14, Canada recommended against any international travel, and advised those returning from outside of Canada, except for essential workers (such as flight crew), to self-isolate for 14 days.[152] The Quarantine Act was invoked by Hajdu on March 26, making self-isolation a legal mandate for travellers (excluding essential workers) returning to the country, and also prohibiting those who are symptomatic from using public transit as transport to their place of self-isolation, and prohibiting self-isolation in settings where they may come in contact with those who are vulnerable (people with pre-existing conditions and the elderly).[153]

Since March 16, only Canadian citizens and their immediate families, permanent residents, and U.S. citizens are allowed to enter the country. The only exceptions are flight crews, diplomats, and trade and commerce. Travellers showing COVID-19 symptoms are not allowed to board flights into Canada, regardless of their citizenship.[154][155] International flights to Canada from outside the Caribbean, Mexico, and the U.S. were instructed to land at either Calgary International Airport, Montréal–Trudeau International Airport, Toronto Pearson International Airport, or Vancouver International Airport.[154][155]

Since March 20, Canada and the United States have temporarily restricted all non-essential travel across their border, while maintaining supply chains between both countries;[156][157] On April 16, Trudeau stated that the Canada/U.S. border restrictions would remain in place "for a significant amount of time";[158] the next day, it was reported that Canada and the United States had agreed to extend their entry restrictions, which were to expire on April 21, for an additional 30 days beyond that date.[159]

Since March 30, individuals showing COVID-19 symptoms must be refused boarding on domestic flights (10 seats or more) and passenger trains. This excludes buses and intercity passenger rail services.[160] Since April 20, all travellers are required to wear non-medical face masks while departing and arriving on air travel, including during security screenings. Those who do not comply will be prevented from proceeding.[161]

Governmental cancellations

A First Ministers' meeting scheduled for March 12 and 13 was cancelled after Trudeau and his wife Sophie Grégoire self-isolated.[11] The Canadian House of Commons was suspended between March 14 and April 20, immediately after passing the new North American free trade deal. The federal budget, previously scheduled for March 20, was also suspended.[162]

Bank of Canada rate changes

The Bank of Canada has twice lowered its overnight rate target by 50 basis points, first to 1.25 percent on March 4, and then to 0.75 percent on March 13, citing the "negative shocks to Canada's economy arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and the recent sharp drop in oil prices.[163][164]

On March 27, the Bank lowered the rate a third time to 0.25 percent, citing "serious consequences for Canadians and for the economy" due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[165] The Bank also launched a program to "alleviate strains in the short-term funding markets" and another program to acquire Government of Canada securities at a minimum of $5 billion per week.[166]

Federal aid
Main article: Federal aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada

On March 18, the federal government announced an $82-billion response package with a variety of measures.[167] On March 25, the COVID-19 Emergency Response Act received royal assent from Governor General Julie Payette.[168] The measures in this first package included:

  • Canada Child Benefit (CCB): Payments for the 2019–20-year were increased by $300 per child.
  • Goods and Services Tax (GST) credit: The maximum annual GST credit payment amount for the 2019–20 year was doubled.
  • Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB): This new benefit provided a taxable benefit of $2,000 a month for up to four months for those who had lost their job, were sick, quarantined, or taking care of someone sick with COVID-19, as well as working parents staying home to take care of their kids.
  • Canada Student Loans: A six-month moratorium was placed on repayment.
  • Temporary business wage subsidy: Eligible small employers received a three-month 10 percent wage subsidy.
  • Tax flexibility: The income tax filing deadline was also extended from April 30, 2020 to June 1, 2020. Tax payments were deferred to September 2020.

The CERB launched on April 6, and within one week, nearly 3.5 million Canadians applied for this benefit;[169] this grew to 7.12 million by April 24.[170] On April 15, Trudeau announced that the CERB would be extended to workers making up to $1,000 per month, and that the government planned to work with the provinces to implement salary top-ups for essential workers who make less than $2,500 per month.[171]

The Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy (CEWS) was announced on April 1, an expanded version of the temporary business wage subsidy. The Parliament reconvened on April 11 to pass the COVID-19 Emergency Response Act, No. 2 on division. It implemented the CEWS—which allows eligible companies to receive a 75 percent subsidy on each of their employees' wages (up to their first $58,700) for 12 weeks retroactive to March 15.[172]

Trudeau introduced new financial aid programs on April 10, including the Canada Emergency Business Account (CEBA) which offers loans, interest-free until the end of 2022, of up to $40,000 for small- and medium-sized businesses[173][174] The CEBA was expanded on April 16 to make more businesses eligible.

Catherine McKenna announced on April 16 that the Ministry of Infrastructure and Communities sought shovel-ready infrastructure projects to receive in the 2020 construction season some "largely unspent" funds that had already been budgeted.[175]

The Canada Emergency Student Benefit (CESB) was announced by Trudeau on April 22. It would provide $1,250 per month from May to August to eligible postsecondary students. Students with disabilities or taking care of someone else would receive $1,750 per month.[176]

On April 30, Parliamentary Budget Officer Yves Giroux issued a report projecting the federal deficit for fiscal year 2020 could be in excess of $252 billion, based on nearly $146 billion in spending on federal aid measures.[177]

Oversight
See also: WE Charity controversy

On July 3, 2020, the Ethics Commissioner announced an investigation into Trudeau and the government's decision to have WE Charity administer the summer student grant program.[178][179] We Charity was criticized for its close ties to the Trudeau family. On the same day, Minister of Diversity and Inclusion and Youth, Bardish Chagger, announced that WE Charity would no longer be administering the Canada Student Service Grant program.[180]

Public service disruptions
Leslie Street empty at 9:00 a.m. on a weekday in Toronto

On March 16, the Treasury Board urged Federal public servants to work from home if possible. No date was provided for when this provision should end.[181]

Industrial strategy

On March 20, the government announced a plan to ramp up production of medical equipment, switching assembly lines to produce ventilators, masks and other personal protective gear. Companies will be able to access funds through the government's Strategic Innovation Fund. The PM stated that Canadian medical supply firms Thornhill Medical, Medicom and Spartan Bioscience were looking to expand production. In order to address shortages and supply-chain disruption, Canada passed emergency legislation that waived-patent protection, giving the government, and companies or organizations that it selects, the right to produce patented products without permission from the patent holder.[182] According to Innovation, Science and Industry minister Navdeep Bains, "the country's entire industrial policy will be refocused to prioritize the fight against COVID-19".[183][184]

Provincial and territorial
Main articles: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan
Restrictions imposed by provincial and territorial governments
Province or territory State of emergency declared Gatherings banned Border status[lower-alpha 1] Stay-at-home ordered Closures ordered Sources
SchoolsDaycaresSit-down restaurants[lower-alpha 2]Bars
Alberta March 17 Over 15 Open No Yes Yes Reopened with reduced seating as of June 12 Yes [185]
British Columbia March 18 Over 50 Open No Yes No Reopened with reduced seating as of May 19 Yes [186][187][188]
Manitoba March 20 Over 25 indoors
Over 50 outdoors[lower-alpha 3]		 Screened[lower-alpha 4] No Yes No[lower-alpha 5] Reduced seating: outdoors as of May 4, indoors as of June 1. Reduced seating as of June 1. [190][191][192]
New Brunswick March 19 Over 10 Screened[lower-alpha 6] No Yes Yes Yes Yes [193]
Newfoundland and Labrador March 18 Over 5 Screened [lower-alpha 6] No Yes Yes Yes Yes [194][195][196]
Northwest Territories March 18 All gatherings Restricted No Yes No No No [197][198]
Nova Scotia March 22 Over 10 Screened [lower-alpha 6] No Yes Yes Reopened to 100% capacity with physical distancing on June 26 Yes [199][200][201]
Nunavut March 18 All gatherings Restricted[lower-alpha 7] No Yes Yes Yes Yes [202]
Ontario March 17 Over 50 indoors

Over 100 outdoors

 Open No Yes No [lower-alpha 8] Reopened as of Stage 3[lower-alpha 9] with physical distancing; mandatory contact tracing as of July 31 Reopened as of Stage 3[lower-alpha 9] while maintaining physical distancing;[lower-alpha 10] mandatory contact tracing as of July 31 [205][206][207][208][209]
Prince Edward Island March 16 Over 5 Screened[lower-alpha 6] No Yes Yes Yes Yes [210]
Quebec March 12 Over 10 in a private location
Over 250 in a public location[211]		 Regional restrictions[lower-alpha 11] No Yes, except primary schools outside Greater Montreal Some Reopened as of June 15 (June 22 in Greater Montreal), while maintaining physical distancing[212] Yes [213][214][215][216]
Saskatchewan March 18 Over 10 Regional restrictions[lower-alpha 12] No Yes No Yes Yes [219][220][221]
Yukon March 18 Over 10 Screened No Yes No Yes Yes [222][223]
  1. Refers to status of internal borders only. Although the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees broad mobility rights to Canadian citizens, during a state of emergency provincial and territorial governments can effectively restrict or deny entry due to primarily their lawful authority to, at their discretion, refuse any person permission to use their roads:
    Open: No restrictions on entry from other Canadian provinces and territories.
    Screened: Health checks and/or self-isolation mandatory for persons entering from other Canadian provinces and territories.
    Restricted: Entry prohibited for non-residents without a valid reason to enter the province or territory.
    Regional: Entry restricted to (a) specific region(s) of the province or territory.
  2. For most provinces, takeout and delivery orders are still permitted even though dine-in section is closed.
  3. Effective May 22, limit raised from previous maximum group size of 10.[189]
  4. Travelers from east of Terrace Bay, Ontario is required to isolate for 14 days.
  5. Effective June 1, maximum capacity of 24 children.[190]
  6. Effective July 3, the Atlantic Provinces have formed a travel bubble that allows travel between the four provinces of the Atlantic region. Visitors outside of this bubble must continue to follow all public health orders.
  7. Nunavut is not accessible from the rest of Canada by road. Its entry restrictions are therefore effectively enforced with respect to prospective non-resident air travelers by federal transportation officers serving at airports from which flights depart for the territory. Returning Nunavummiut and others permitted to enter the territory are required to isolate at designated hotels in the city of departure for fourteen days prior to boarding a flight.
  8. Effective July 27, daycares can open if they have 15 people (staff and children) per group. [203]
  9. Stage 3 is effective July 17 in most regions, July 24 in a few other regions, July 31 in Peel and Toronto, and August 12 in Windsor-Essex.
  10. Dancing is prohibited but if the dancers are hired by the bar they are allowed to dance. [204]
  11. Essential travel only in Nunavik and James Bay Territory
  12. Since April 24, non-essential travel to and from Northern Saskatchewan has been restricted.[217][218]

States of emergency

On March 12, Quebec declared a public health emergency, requiring international travellers to self-isolate for 14 days and banning gatherings of 250 people. The ban has been extended to all gatherings outside workplaces and retail.[224]

On March 16, Prince Edward Island declared a public health emergency. Alberta and Ontario declared emergencies on March 17, followed by British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Saskatchewan and Yukon on March 18. New Brunswick, Manitoba, and Nova Scotia declared emergencies on March 19, March 20, and March 22 respectively.[225]

These emergencies allowed provinces to ban gatherings and require international travellers to self-isolate. On March 25, mandatory self-isolation was imposed federally, making it a legal requirement for all provinces who had not done so already.[226]

New Brunswick, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and have all restricted entry through interprovincial borders, prohibiting the entry of non-residents without valid reason. Quebec has additionally restricted travel into 9 of its 18 regions and parts of 3 other regions. The borders of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador are being screened, while also requiring travellers to self-isolate for 14 days upon entering the province.[227]

Schools and universities
Let's Work Together Stop the Spread sign at a school in the GTA.

On March 12, the Ontario government announced that all public schools will be closed from March 14 until at least April 5.[228] This was followed by all provinces and territories closing schools, and the closures being repeatedly extended or made indefinite. Governments have assured graduating students that they will be able to graduate, and classes have moved online.

Laurentian University in Greater Sudbury, was the first to voluntarily suspended classes and moved to online instruction on March 12.[229] This was quickly followed by many other universities in Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, and Manitoba voluntarily closing on the 12th and 13th. Initially, some universities in British Columbia continued while cancelling classes with more than 250 students due to the gatherings ban. All provinces have since closed down post-secondary institutions.

Due to the exceptional circumstances of the closures, various universities have given their students the option of receiving a pass/fail grade instead of a numeric or letter grade. The University of Alberta made this grading scheme mandatory, which received some backlash from the student body.[230]

Business closures
Playground in Port Moody, British Columbia, closed off with caution tape. A sign indicates the playground is closed because of COVID-19.

Bars, restaurants, cinemas, and other businesses have been ordered closed by provinces, territories, and municipalities across the country. Initially, some jurisdictions allowed restaurants or bars to stay open with reduced capacity and social distancing. Takeout and delivery orders are largely still permitted.[227] Jurisdictions have differed on daycare closures. In particular, British Columbia and Saskatchewan have faced criticism for allowing daycares to remain open while closing schools, bars, and restaurants.[231]

Ontario, Quebec, and Saskatchewan have mandated the closure of all businesses not deemed essential by the provinces. Essential businesses include grocery stories, takeout and delivery restaurants, pharmacies, transportation, manufacturing, food production, energy, and healthcare.[232][233][234]

Liquor and cannabis stores have largely remained open across the country, with governments reversing their closure orders due to concerns surrounding alcohol withdrawal syndrome.[235][236]

Aid programs

Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Manitoba all offered one-time payments that aimed to bridge the gap before the implementation of the federal Canada Emergency Response Benefit. Quebec's Temporary Aid for Workers Program offers up to four weeks of payments for those who do not qualify for federal assistance. Prince Edward Island also provides payments to those who have kept their jobs but work reduced hours.[237]

Many provinces and territories have increased payments for those already receiving income supports.

Courts

Courts across the country instituted measures to reduce public contact, while maintaining access to the courts.[238] The Supreme Court of Canada has closed the building to public tours, while maintaining the ability to file documents for cases electronically. It has also adjourned appeals which were to be heard in March, to dates in June.[239] Other courts have prioritised the cases which will be heard, generally giving priority to ongoing criminal trials and trials in family and child protection matters, while adjourning most pending cases to later dates.

First Nations

On March 19, the Pimicikamak Cree Nation in northern Manitoba restricted entry to essential travellers, and Chief David Monias said the Sayisi Dene and others are doing the same. The Council of the Haida Nation said it was discouraging all non-resident travel to the islands "for the time being."[240]

Economic impact
Panic buying: empty toilet paper shelves on March 12, 2020 at an Atlantic Superstore in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Main article: Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada
See also: List of events affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada

The COVID-19 pandemic had a deep impact on the Canadian economy. The Governments' social distancing rules had the effect of freezing the economy. Companies started considering mass-layoffs of workers, which was prevented by the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy. But despite these efforts, Canada's unemployment rate was 13.5% in May 2020, the highest it has been since 1976.[241]

Many large-scale events that planned to take place in 2020 in Canada were canceled or delayed. This includes all major sporting and artistic events.[242] Canada's tourism and air travel sectors were hit especially hard due to travel restrictions.[243] Some farmers feared a labour shortfall and bankruptcy.[244]

COVID-19 affected consumer behaviors. In the early stages of the pandemic, Canadian grocery stores were the site of large-scale panic buying which lead to many empty shelves. By the end of March, most stores were closed to walk-in customers with the exception of grocery stores and pharmacies, which implemented strong social distancing rules in their premises. These rules were also implemented in other Canadian businesses as the began to re-open in the following months.

Cases by province or territory

Alberta
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta

In Alberta, as of July 24, there is a total of 10,086 cases and 178 deaths.[245][246] There have been 8,567 recoveries from the virus in the province.[247] The majority of cases were in the Calgary zone, which had 6,242 cases as of July 24.[246] The first case, which was confirmed on March 5, was a tourist, who had been repatriated from the Grand Princess to Calgary.[248][249] As of March 16, cases have been reported in every Alberta zone.[250] Community transmission was first reported on March 15, but at that time limited to seven people,[251][252] six of whom attended a dental conference held from March 5 to 7 at the Vancouver Convention Centre.[252][253] The first death caused by the virus in Alberta occurred on March 19.[254]

At their March 25 briefing Hinshaw said that, the "significant case numbers"—which included 61 new cases, of which 33 were believed to be by community transmission, 20 patients hospitalized, and 8 in ICU—"underscore the seriousness of the situation that we face."[255][256][257] Alberta's Chief Medical Officer, Deena Hinshaw, announced on March 26, that Alberta labs were conducting 3,000 tests a day.[258][257] By April 7, 67,117 tests had been conducted in Alberta.[245]

A meat processing plant operated by Cargill is a significant cluster. As of May 6, 2020, its High River plant had been linked to 1,560 cases.[259] The plant was temporarily closed on April 20, 2020. All 2,100 employees were tested,[260] out of which 946 employees tested positive.[259]

British Columbia
Deserted exterior of Canada Place in Vancouver.
Anti-lockdown protest in Vancouver on April 26
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia

As of July 24, 2020, British Columbia has reported 3,392 cases, 2,898 recoveries, and 190 deaths.[261] Additionally, the provincial government has announced that 244,149 people have been tested for the virus in British Columbia as of July 24.[261]

The first case in British Columbia was reported on January 28. The person had returned from Wuhan and began experiencing symptoms on January 26.[262] The first case in BC's Interior Health region was reported on February 14. The person had recently returned from China.[263] The first case in the Fraser Health region was reported on February 20. This was also the first BC case where the person had travelled to or from Iran.[264]

The first two cases in the Lynn Valley Care Centre in North Vancouver were reported on March 7. One resident and one staff member were diagnosed.[265] The staff member is now thought to be Canada's first case of community transmission.[266] This care centre became Canada's worst outbreak, with 16 cases to date, and may be linked to subsequent cases in another seniors' home and a hospital in North Vancouver.[267]

On March 9, the Lynn Valley outbreak resulted in the first coronavirus death in Canada, by a man in his 80s with pre-existing health conditions. Three more deaths at the centre were reported on March 16. An additional 2 deaths were reported at the centre on March 17,[268][269][270] while another was reported on March 19.[271]

The seventh death was reported to have occurred "in [a] hospital in the Fraser Health region".[272]

BC's first two cases linked to the Grand Princess were also reported on March 7. They were hospitalized.[265]

Manitoba
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba

As of August 14, 2020, Manitoba has reported 643 cases, with the first three reported on March 12.[273] There have been 389 recoveries, 8 deaths and 110,492 tests completed.[273] All of Winnipeg's cases were identified after March 12.[266]

Manitoba's rate of testing was increased to more than 500 tests a day on March 14.[274] By May, the province had the capacity to perform up to 1000 tests per day, but had averaged only 530 tests per day for the first two weeks of the month, so on May 14, 2020, Manitoba lowered the testing criteria to include anyone showing any symptoms of cold or flu.[275]

In Manitoba's first case, the person had returned to Winnipeg from the Philippines, and self-isolated at home.[276] Subsequent cases have been discovered in all the regions of the province, with 3 in the Northern Regional Health Authority (RHA) area, 65 in the Interlake-Eastern RHA area, 113 in the Southern RHA area, 168 in the Prairie Mountain RHA area, and the remaining 294 cases in the Winnipeg RHA area.[273]

New Brunswick
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick

As of July 24, 2020, New Brunswick has reported 170 cases, with the first one reported on March 11. There have been 165 recoveries and 2 deaths.[277] There had been a total of 24,867 tests completed as of May 30.[277]

In New Brunswick's first case, the person had returned to southeastern New Brunswick from France, and self-isolated at home.[278] The second case was a close contact.[278]

On March 15, the province reported four more presumptive cases in the central part of the province.[279]

On March 16, New Brunswick confirmed one more case, and announced one more presumptive case, making 2 confirmed cases and 5 presumptive in total.[280]

On March 17, an eighth case was announced. This is the first child in the province to become infected.

Newfoundland and Labrador
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador

As of July 24, 2020, there have been 265 cases confirmed in Newfoundland and Labrador, with 259 recoveries and 3 deaths. As of that date, 23,254 people have been tested in total.[281]

On March 14, a presumptive case was announced in the province.[282]

On March 24, a woman was arrested in Corner Brook for violating public health emergency orders by refusing to stay at home after she returned from a trip outside the province.[283]

By March 25, the number of cases had risen to 67, 44 of them associated with an outbreak at a funeral home, which occurred between March 15 and 17.[284][285]

Northwest Territories
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in the Northwest Territories

As of July 24, 2020, there have been 5 confirmed cases in the territory, with all 5 cases recovered. 3,060 tests have been conducted, with 3,055 negative results.[286]

On March 21, the Northwest Territories reported its first case of COVID-19; the individual had travelled to British Columbia and Alberta before returning home to Yellowknife.[287]

Nova Scotia
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia

As of July 24, 2020, Nova Scotia has reported 1,067 confirmed cases, with 1,003 recoveries and 63 deaths.[288] There have been 61,626 negative test results.[288] On March 15, 2020, three presumptive cases in Nova Scotia were announced. All three were travel-related.[289]

On March 29, a Halifax woman was fined $697.50, and had her vehicle seized by police after she was found in a park despite Nova Scotia having closed parks and beaches to the public under its emergency measures act.[290]

Nunavut
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Nunavut

As of July 24, 2020, Nunavut is the only territory in Canada with no confirmed COVID-19 cases after two previously confirmed case were deemed false positives.[291] The first false positive case was a resident of Pond Inlet, first announced on April 30; a rapid response team was dispatched to the community.[292][293][294] On May 4, it was declared that this case was a false positive.[295] The second false positive case originated from a presumed positive results of a fly-in, fly-out employee in the Mary River Mine on July 2. On July 10, it was subsequently revealed that the test results were negative.[296]

Ontario
Social distancing markers at Whole Foods Market in Toronto.
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario

As of July 24, 2020, Ontario, the province with the first case in the country, has reported 38,405 cases with 34,100 recoveries and 2,758 fatalities.[297] In total, 1,988,909 people have been tested.[297]

The first case in Canada, was reported on January 25 in Toronto.[298] The person had returned from Wuhan, China, on January 22, and had taken precautions in returning. After admission to hospital, the person made a full recovery by February 23.[266] Further cases imported from other countries were reported later in February, with the first case from Iran reported on February 26, Egypt on February 27, Grand Princess Cruise on March 7, the United States on March 7, France and Germany[299] on March 8, Switzerland on March 10, and Austria on March 11.[266]

On March 12, Sophie Gregoire Trudeau, the wife of Canada's prime minister Justin Trudeau, became Canada's first UK-linked case. Both she and the prime minister started self-isolation.[266]

Ontario reported its first death on March 17, a man in his 70s in Barrie, Ontario.[300] A second death, a man in his 50s in Milton, Ontario, was reported on March 19.[301]

See also: COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

Prince Edward Island
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Prince Edward Island

As of July 24, 2020, Prince Edward Island has reported 36 confirmed cases of the virus, 34 of which have resolved.[302] As of July 24, 18,273 tests have come back negative and 14 are currently under investigation.[302] On March 14, 2020, the first confirmed case in Prince Edward Island was announced, a woman in her 50s who had returned from a trip on a cruise ship on March 7.[303] By March 26, there were five cases, all of which had been travel related, i.e., been contracted while persons were abroad.[304] To date, there was no re-transmission reported in the island province.

Quebec
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec

As of July 24, 2020, Quebec has reported 58,243 confirmed cases of the virus and 5,663 deaths, more than all of Canada's other provinces and territories combined. As of July 22, 1,118,048 tests have been completed.[305]

The province confirmed its first case on February 28—a 41-year-old woman from Montreal who had returned from Iran on the 24th on a flight from Doha, Qatar.[306][307][308] She was transferred to Jewish General Hospital on March 3, and released on March 4;[309][310] since then, she has remained in isolation at her home in Verdun.[311] On March 5, the Ministry of Health and Social Services announced a second presumptive case, involving a man who had travelled to India in February, and was being treated in Mont-Laurier for symptoms similar to coronavirus. On March 4, the person was transferred to Jewish General Hospital, where he was diagnosed with pneumonia.[312] Hours afterwards, a third presumptive case was confirmed, involving a woman who had returned from France on March 3.[313][314]

A fourth case was confirmed March 8, involving a woman from Montérégie, Longueuil who had recently returned from a cruise that had visited Mexico.[315] On March 10, authorities stated that the person had used public transit between February 24 and March 6, and had travelled through the Berri-UQAM, Champ-de-Mars, and Longueuil metro stations.[316][317] Premier François Legault initially classified the threat posed by the virus as being "weak".[318]

On March 9, a Montreal resident who had recently returned from Ireland was reported as a fifth presumptive case.[319][320][321] Four new cases were confirmed on March 11, including one who had returned from Caribbean and Miami, a man who had returned from the Dominican Republic,[322] a person who had returned from Italy, and a resident of Montreal who had returned from international travel.[323][324]

By March 18, 94 confirmed cases had been reported in Quebec.[325] The province also had its first death.[326]

On March 20, a woman who tested positive for COVID-19 was arrested for being out in Quebec City's Limoilou neighbourhood despite being under a quarantine order; this was the first time that this type of warrant was executed.[327]

See also: COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal

Saskatchewan
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan

As of July 24, 2020, there have been 1,099 confirmed cases of COVID-19, 848 recoveries, and 16 deaths in Saskatchewan. Chief Medical Officer Saqib Shahab announced the first presumptive case of in the province on March 12, a person in their 60s that had recently returned from Egypt, who was tested on March 9, and was in self-isolation at their home.[6] Two cases involved attendees of the aforementioned dental conference in Vancouver.[328]

11 Saskatchewan health care employees tested positive after attending a physicians' bonspiel at a curling club in Edmonton on the week of March 11.[329] On March 28, Saskatchewan announced 18 cases involving attendees of a snowmobile rally at Christopher Lake on March 14.[330][331] Saskatchewan reported its first deaths from COVID-19 on March 30. Both people were in their 70s and were from separate parts of the province.[332]

By April 6, the number of new cases had begun to dwindle, and the number of new recoveries regularly exceeded or equalled the number of new cases.[333][334][335][336][337] This prompted Premier Scott Moe to announce on April 13 that he would begin to explore plans to gradually restore normal commerce and service (with the first phase having begun on May 4),[338] although some restrictions, especially those on public gatherings, are to remain in effect for the foreseeable future.[339][340]

However, by late-April, the province began to see a major spike of active cases in its northern region, centered upon the remote village of La Loche, with at least 29 traced to a case from northern Alberta.[341][342] On May 5, Theresa Tam stated that this outbreak was concerning due to the region's remote communities and indigenous population.[343]

Yukon
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Yukon

As of July 24, 2020, Yukon has reported 14 confirmed cases of COVID-19, 11 of which have resolved. 1,488 tests have been completed, with 1,452 confirmed negative and 22 still under investigation.[344]

On March 22, 2020, Premier Sandy Silver and the Chief Medical Officer, Brendan Hanley, announced that Yukon had its first cases of coronavirus, a couple who had attended a convention in the United States and then returned home to Whitehorse. They developed symptoms upon their return and immediately sought medical assistance. They have self-isolated and have meticulously followed all public health directions.[345]

During the pandemic, the territory opened its first public university in the north, Yukon University.

COVID-19 testing

COVID-19 testing can be used to track the prevalence and spread, to diagnose individuals for treatment, to identify infections for isolation and contact tracing, to screen at-risk populations, to clear exposed healthcare workers to return to work, and to identify individuals with potential immunity. The World Health Organization says that jurisdictions should aim to test every suspected case of COVID-19.[346] Since health care is under provincial jurisdiction, almost all testing is conducted by the provinces and territories rather than the federal government. On April 23, Trudeau identified broader testing as key to reopening the country, mentioning the target of 60,000 tests per day set by Dr. Theresa Tam, but warned that up to 120,000 per day may be required.[347] As of late April, approximately 20,000 tests per day were being performed in Canada.[348] Total numbers of tests conducted for the provinces and Canada show that over 800,000 Canadians have been tested as of early May 2020. The displayed chart shows the testing rates per capita in the provinces and territories from March to May 2020.

The COVID-19 testing rates in the provinces and territories of Canada from March to June 2020. The lines are a 7-day moving average. Sources:[349] and Statistics Canada. Table 17-10-0009-01 Population estimates, quarterly

Role of the Government of Canada

Federal approval and regulation of diagnostic tests

Only COVID-19 tests approved by Health Canada can be imported or sold in Canada.[350] Since this is usually a lengthy process, on March 18, Minister of Health Hajdu issued an interim order to allow expedited access to COVID-19-related medical devices for use by healthcare providers, including diagnostic test kits.[351] The same day, the first commercial tests were approved, RT-PCR tests from Roche and Thermo Fisher.[352] Another 13 diagnostic products have since been approved, all based on Nucleic Acid tests.[352] As of April 30, 21 diagnostic device applications were listed as submitted by Health Canada.[350]

National Microbiology Lab

Canada's National Microbiology Lab in Winnipeg performs diagnostic testing for and research into COVID-19.[353] Samples from suspected cases early in the pandemic were sent by provinces and territories to this national lab for testing, either as the sole test or as a check of an in-province test result.[298] The first confirmed case in Canada was diagnosed by the lab on January 27, 2020.[354] Since then, provinces and territories have established their own testing capacity but have occasionally sent samples to the national lab for a second test as a check.[355]

Federal facilitation of testing

Provinces have faced COVID-19 testing backlogs due to a shortage of supplies, including the chemical reagents required to complete the tests.[356] In late April, the federal government arranged for a cargo flight from China that delivered the equivalent of about six to nine months of production for one particular raw material for the 20-odd raw materials needed by supplier LuminUltra to supply reagent kits for RT-PCR machines.[357]

Types of COVID-19 Tests

Virus-RNA tests

Health Canada identifies nucleic acid-based testing as "the gold standard used in Canada and abroad, for the diagnosis of active COVID-19 infection in patients with symptoms."[358] The predominant type of testing used is RT-PCR. In it, a carefully produced and validated swab is used to collect a sample from a person's throat, back of the nose, or front of the nose. The swab is put inside a sealed container containing a medium that preserves the virus, which is sent to test-processing centres in the corresponding province or territory. At the centres, highly skilled technicians use large commercial machines from a variety of manufactures to process batches of tens to hundreds of samples at a time. The test chemically strips the RNA from the sample then mixes it with a test kit containing chemical reagents designed to detect RNA signatures of SARS-CoV-2. The sample is cycled between a set of temperatures to amplify the chemical RNA signature. This leads to processing times that range from 4 to 24 hours.[359] The actual RT-PCR test is 99 percent accurate. However, false negative results are estimated to occur 8 to 10 percent of the time due to poor swabbing technique and might be as high as 30 percent depending on how long after symptom onset the test was performed.[360][361]

Provinces have faced COVID-19 testing backlogs due to a shortage of the chemical reagents and swabs required to complete the tests.[356]

Virus-RNA test reagent kits

LuminUltra Technologies Ltd. of Fredericton is producing reagent test-kits to use with automated RT-PCR machines. On April 15, Trudeau announced that the company would be "ramping up production ... to meet the weekly demand in all provinces."[356] The company announced the same day that it would provide "500,000 urgently needed COVID-19 tests per week to the Canadian federal government for use across Canada."[357]

Canadian-made Virus-RNA test systems

A few companies have developed alternate methods to test for the RNA of the virus. These might be faster than laboratory RT-PCR or portable making them useful at border crossings, isolated communities, prisons, and care homes.

Spartan Bioscience Inc. of Ottawa signed contracts with the federal government and the provinces of Alberta, Quebec, and Ontario to supply virus-RNA testing systems that process a single swab sample in 30 to 60 minutes.[362] Together the contracts were for over one million swab test kits, and at least 250 handheld devices.[363] While these machines cannot process many samples in total, they have the advantage of being small and easy to use. Thus, they can be used to provide rapid results at the point-of-care[362] On April 13, Health Canada approved this test but on May 3 the test was recalled due to unreliable results.[364]

Precision Biomonitoring of Guelph signed a Letter of Intent on March 31 with the federal government to co-develop a novel point-of-care test kit for COVID‑19, which is now pending an authorization from Health Canada.[365] Their 1.2 kg battery-operated mobile device performs nine tests per hour and takes 60 minutes to produce a result.[366]

Bio-ID Diagnostics of Edmonton has developed a direct 24-hour virus test that can be scaled to 20,000 samples per day. Since it is based on sequencing DNA it avoids false positives, and it detects a low concentration of the virus substantially reducing false negatives in asymptomatic individuals.[360]

Serological testing for antibodies

These blood tests look for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and range in complexity from laboratory tests to at-home kits similar to pregnancy tests.[367] Antibodies do not form immediately upon infection, so these tests are not well-suited for detecting a current infection. However, they can potentially identify those who have been infected in the past.[367] Health Canada has been evaluating a number of antibody tests.[358] Health Canada deemed that "Serological tests are not appropriate for early diagnosis of COVID-19, largely due variability in the time required after infection to develop antibodies."[358] On May 12, 2020, Health Canada announced the first antibody test approved for use, a laboratory test from DiaSorin, an Italian multinational biotechnology company.[368] Health Canada wrote that the test will "contribute to a better understanding of whether people who have been infected are immune to the virus."[368]

Research and population immunity

Health Canada posts "studies will be required to determine how long the antibodies remain detectable, whether for weeks, months or years" and "the relationship between antibodies and immunity to future viral infection."[358] Nonetheless, many countries are conducting or planning large-scale testing to determine what proportion of the population has been infected and is potentially now immune. As of April 20, the WHO estimated that at most 2 to 3 percent of people in affected countries have been infected.[369] On April 23, 2020, Trudeau created a COVID-19 Immunity Task Force of researchers, including Dr. Tam, Dr. David Naylor, and Dr. Mona Nemer, to coordinate monitoring of immunity and vulnerability to COVID-19 in the Canadian population.[370] The taskforce will oversee national antibody surveys over the next two years in which will test one million Canadians.[347] Researchers at Sinai Health's Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute in Toronto are developing a robotic system that can process mass numbers of antibody tests.[371]

Canadian-made antibody tests

MedMira of Halifax developed one of the first rapid detection kits for HIV and has now developed a COVID-19 antibody test that takes three minutes from taking the blood drop specimen.[372]

Plantform Corp. of Guelph has applied for funding from the National Research Council to develop an antibody test for COVID-19.[373]

Rapid antigen testing

These test for antigens, proteins that are part of the surface of the virus. Antigens can be detected almost immediately after infection, like nucleic acid-based tests and unlike antibody tests. However, these tests use similar technology to at-home antibody tests, and are rapid, small, and could be mass-produced. Like the nucleic-acid tests, they can use nasal or throat swabs and do not require blood.[374] They have been held up as a solution for achieving mass testing of the population by Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House coronavirus task force coordinator.[375] However, as of April 2020, the WHO estimates that the sensitivity of these tests might vary from 34 percent to 80 percent (based the performance of current influenza antigen rapid tests) and writes the "WHO does not currently recommend the use of antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests for patient care, although research into their performance and potential diagnostic utility is highly encouraged."[376]

Canadian-made rapid antigen tests

Sona Nanotech of Halifax is developing point-of-care COVID-19 antigen test kits that provide results in 5–15 minutes and is anticipated to cost less than $50. If successful, the project will yield 20,000 test kits available per week, with the potential to scale-up to 1 million test kits per week.[365][377]

Statistics

Map
  • Total cases by province/territory
  • Total cases per million inhabitants by province/territory
  • Total deaths by province/territory
  • Total deaths per million inhabitants by province/territory
  • Active cases by province/territory
  • Active cases per million inhabitants by province/territory

National
Total cases, active cases, recoveries, and deaths
Updated August 10

  Total cases   Active cases   Recoveries   Deaths

New cases per day
Updated August 10

  New cases   7-day average of new cases

New deaths per day[378]
Updated August 10

  New deaths   7-day average of new deaths

By age
Confirmed COVID-19 cases in Canada by age
Classification Cases Hospitalizations ICU Deaths Lethality
(%)
Number % Number % Number % Number %
All 104,048 100 10,350 100 2,110 100 8,584 100 8.3
Age ≥80 18,007 17 3,426 33 243 12 6,163 72 34.2
60–79 17,996 17 3,871 37 1,017 48 2,155 25 12.0
40–59 31,758 31 2,194 21 652 31 240 2.8 0.8
20–39 28,859 28 745 7.2 175 8.3 26 0.3 0.1
0–19 7,428 7 114 1.1 23.2 1.1 0 0 0
Source: Public Health Agency of Canada, as of July 2, 2020, 7 PM ET.[379]
Fatal COVID-19 cases in Canada by age
Classification Deaths
Number % Deaths per m
All 5,664 100 151
Age Unknown 176 3.1 n/a
≥90 1828 32 5,590
80-89 2153 38 1,656
≥80 3982 74 2,458
70–79 959 17 334
60–69 382 6.7 83
50–59 116 2.0 22
40–49 36 0.6 7.5
30–39 10 0.2 1.9
20–29 3 0.1 0.6
0–19 0 0 0.0
Source: analysis on uneven provincial data sets, as of May 15, 2020.[380][381][382][383][384][385]

Provincial and territorial
Daily new cases by province and territory (7-day moving average)
Updated August 10
Over 10,000 cases (Quebec, Ontario, Alberta)

  Quebec   Ontario   Alberta

Under 10,000 and over 1,000 cases (British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Nova Scotia)

  British Columbia   Saskatchewan   Nova Scotia

Under 1,000 and over 100 cases (Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick)

  Manitoba   Newfoundland and Labrador   New Brunswick

Under 100 cases (Prince Edward Island, Yukon, Northwest Territories)

  Prince Edward Island   Yukon   Northwest Territories

See also

References
  1. Marchand-Senécal, Xavier; Kozak, Rob; Mubareka, Samira; Salt, Natasha; Gubbay, Jonathan B; Eshaghi, Alireza; Allen, Vanessa; Li, Yan; Bastien, Natalie; Gilmour, Matthew; Ozaldin, Omar; Leis, Jerome A (March 9, 2020). "Diagnosis and Management of First Case of COVID-19 in Canada: Lessons applied from SARS". Clinical Infectious Diseases. ciaa227. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa227. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  2. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Outbreak update". Government of Canada. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  3. "COVID-19 in Canada: Using data and modelling to inform public health action" (PDF). Government of Canada. Public Health Agency of Canada. April 9, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  4. Rosen, Kayla (March 12, 2020). "First presumptive case of COVID-19 confirmed in Manitoba". CTV News Winnipeg. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  5. "Canada has reported more than 100 cases of novel coronavirus disease". Global News. March 11, 2020. Archived from the original on March 12, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020. This brings the total to 110 as of March 11
  6. "Saskatchewan confirms first presumptive case of novel coronavirus". Global News. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  7. Ho, Solarina; Slaughter, Graham (March 13, 2020). "Tracking every case of COVID-19 in Canada". Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  8. Slaughter, Graham (March 5, 2020). "Canada confirms first 'community case' of COVID-19: Here's what that means". CTVNews. Archived from the original on March 8, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  9. "Toronto waking up to new reality amid 'evidence' of COVID-19 community spread | CBC News". Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  10. Chouinard, Tommy (March 15, 2020). "Legault ordonne la fermeture de lieux de rassemblement". La Presse (in French). Archived from the original on March 16, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  11. Harris, Kathleen (March 12, 2020). "Trudeau, wife Sophie in self-isolation awaiting COVID-19 test as premiers conference is called off". CBC News. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  12. Slaughter, Graham; Bogart, Nicole (March 12, 2020). "Sophie Gregoire Trudeau tests positive for COVID-19". CTV News. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  13. Shah, Maryam (March 28, 2020). "'All clear': Sophie Grégoire Trudeau thanks well-wishers after recovering from COVID-19". globalnews.ca.
  14. Tasker, John Paul (March 29, 2020). "Sophie Grégoire Trudeau says she has recovered from COVID-19". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
  15. "Prominent Canadians in self-isolation amid COVID-19 pandemic". National Post. The Canadian Press. March 15, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  16. Elsevier. "Novel Coronavirus Information Center". Elsevier Connect. Archived from the original on January 30, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  17. Reynolds, Matt (March 4, 2020). "What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  18. "Crunching the numbers for coronavirus". Imperial News. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  19. "High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England". Government of the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on March 3, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  20. "World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus". wfsahq.org. Archived from the original on March 12, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  21. "BC COVID-19 Data". BC Centre for Disease Control. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  22. "COVID-19 info for Albertans". Government of Alberta. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  23. "Cases and Risk of COVID-19 in Saskatchewan". Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  24. "COVID-19". Government of Manitoba. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  25. "COVID-19 (Coronavirus) in Ontario". Government of Ontario. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  26. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Quebec". Government of Quebec. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  27. "New Brunswick COVID-19 Dashboard". ArcGIS. Retrieved July 8, 2020.
  28. "COVID-19". Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  29. "Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) cases in Nova Scotia". Government of Nova Scotia. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  30. "COVID-19 Newfoundland and Labrador - HUB". Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  31. "Information about COVID-19". Government of Yukon. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  32. "COVID-19 in NWT". Government of Northwest Territories. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  33. "COVID-19 (Novel Coronavirus)". Government of Nunavut. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  34. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Outbreak update". Government of Canada. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  35. "COVID-19 Updates: Canada". Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  36. "Tracking every case of COVID-19 in Canada". CTV News. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  37. "Tracking every case of COVID-19 in Canada". CTV News. March 13, 2020. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
  38. "Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases by Johns Hopkins CSSE". gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  39. "8 more cases of COVID-19 virus identified in B.C., including 1 of unknown origin". CBC News. March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  40. "Alberta reports first presumptive case of COVID-19". Edmonton. March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  41. "Ontario confirms 3 new cases of coronavirus, bringing total to 23 in province". Toronto. March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  42. "2nd case of COVID-19 in Quebec confirmed by microbiology lab". Montreal. March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  43. "Second possible COVID-19 case confirmed in Alberta | Calgary Herald". Retrieved March 7, 2020.
  44. "5 new coronavirus cases in Ontario, one used GTA transit while symptomatic". Retrieved March 7, 2020.
  45. "Quebec announces new presumptive coronavirus case in woman who travelled to France". Global News. Retrieved March 7, 2020.
  46. Boynton, Sean. "B.C. declares COVID-19 outbreak at North Vancouver care home, 6 new cases announced". Global News. Retrieved March 7, 2020.
  47. "2 new presumptive cases of COVID-19 in Alberta: 1 in Calgary, 1 in Edmonton". Global News. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  48. "Ontario reports additional case of COVID-19, woman who travelled to Colorado". Global News. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  49. "COVID-19: Fourth suspected coronavirus case reported in Quebec". Montreal Gazette. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  50. "Ontario reports two more cases of COVID-19, bringing the total to 31". CTV News. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  51. "'Risk to Peel citizens is still low': Peel Region reports third confirmed case of coronavirus". Toronto.com. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  52. "1st COVID-19-related death in Canada recorded in B.C." CBC News. March 9, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  53. "COVID-19 coronavirus info for Albertans". www.alberta.ca. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  54. "The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)". www.ontario.ca. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  55. "7 new coronavirus cases found in B.C., including 2 health-care workers". CBC News. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  56. Holliday, Ian (March 11, 2020). "B.C. urges 'social distancing' as 7 new COVID-19 cases identified". British Columbia. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  57. "COVID-19 coronavirus info for Albertans | Alberta.ca". web.archive.org. March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  58. "The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)". www.ontario.ca. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  59. "The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Status of cases in Ontario". www.ontario.ca. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  60. "6 new coronavirus cases in Alberta, bringing total to 29". www.edmonton.ctvnews.ca. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  61. "2 new COVID-19 cases in Ottawa confirmed". CBC News. March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  62. "Four new COVID-19 cases confirmed in Quebec, bringing total to 21". CBC News. March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  63. Juric, Sam (March 14, 2020). "First confirmed case of COVID-19 on P.E.I. announced". CBC News. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  64. "9 new coronavirus detected in B.C., bringing total to 73". CBC News. March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  65. "Alberta's chief medical officer of health to provide an update on COVID-19". CBC News. March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  66. Fox, Chris (March 15, 2020). "Ontario confirms 39 new cases of COVID-19". CP24. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  67. Al-Hakim, Aya (March 16, 2020). "4 presumptive cases of COVID-19 in Nova Scotia, 1 confirmed". Global News. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  68. "Coronavirus: Here's what's happening in Canada and around the world on Tuesday". CBC News.
  69. McSheffrey, Elizabeth (March 17, 2020). "Coronavirus: 3 presumptive cases now in Newfoundland and Labrador". Global News. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  70. Davidson, Sean (March 18, 2020). "23 new cases of COVID-19 confirmed in Ontario, bringing provincial total to 212". ctvnews.ca. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020.
  71. Jeffords, Shawn; Jones, Allison (March 19, 2020). "Local health unit reports Ontario's second COVID-19 death as cases spike". nationalpost.com. The Canadian Press. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  72. Heidenreich, Phil (March 19, 2020). "Alberta reports province's 1st COVID-19 death, officials working on plan to enforce new rules". globalnews.ca. Global News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  73. Holliday, Ian (March 20, 2020). "B.C. announces 77 new COVID-19 cases, total of 30 in Vancouver Island region". CTV News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  74. "B.C. announces 48 new cases of COVID-19, 3 more deaths". CTV News. March 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  75. Romero, Diego (March 23, 2020). "Alberta confirms 42 new COVID-19 cases; total up to 301". CTV News. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  76. Boshra, Basem (March 24, 2020). "1013 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Quebec as province prepares for midnight shutdown". CTV News. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
  77. "Situation du coronavirus (COVID-19) au Québec | Gouvernement du Québec". web.archive.org. March 24, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  78. "Situation du coronavirus (COVID-19) au Québec | Gouvernement du Québec". web.archive.org. March 25, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  79. Holliday, Ian (March 25, 2020). "B.C. health officials announces 42 new COVID-19 cases, one more death". CTV News. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  80. "Tracking every case of COVID-19 in Canada". Coronavirus. March 13, 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2020.
  81. "Province of Manitoba | News Releases | COVID-19 Bulletin #49". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
  82. "Province of Manitoba | News Releases | COVID-19 Bulletin #52". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  83. Roberts, Kelly-Anne (April 22, 2020). "No new COVID-19 cases: Clerical error pushes province to fifth day at zero". ntv.ca. Retrieved April 23, 2020.
  84. "British Columbia COVID-19 Daily Situation Report, May 8, 2020" (PDF). BC Centre for Disease Control. May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  85. Health (May 8, 2020). "Joint statement on Province of B.C.'s COVID-19 response, latest updates". news.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  86. "British Columbia COVID-19 Daily Situation Report, May 14, 2020" (PDF). BC Centre for Disease Control. May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  87. "Province of Manitoba | News Releases | COVID-19 Bulletin #81". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  88. Telegram, The. "Newfoundland and Labrador reports no new COVID-19 cases for ninth-straight day | The Telegram". www.thetelegram.com. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  89. "British Columbia COVID-19 Daily Situation Report, May 22, 2020" (PDF). BC Centre for Disease Control. May 22, 2020. Retrieved May 23, 2020.
  90. "Quebec says it will no longer release daily updates on COVID-19 deaths, new cases". nationalpost.com. June 25, 2020. Archived from the original on June 28, 2020.
  91. Lombard, Natalie (June 30, 2020). "N.S. reports first new case of COVID-19 in three weeks". ctvnews.ca.
  92. "P.E.I. reports three new cases of COVID-19; first cases in over two months". Atlantic. July 4, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  93. "COVID-19: Quebec reports 122 new cases as hospitalizations increase". Global News. The Canadian Press. July 30, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  94. "Provincial Daily Totals". ArcGIS. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
  95. "British Columbia COVID-19 Dashboard". ArcGIS. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  96. "COVID-19 coronavirus info for Albertans". Government of Alberta. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  97. "Cases and Risk of COVID-19 in Saskatchewan". Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  98. "Province of Manitoba COVID-19 Updates". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  99. "Cases and Risk of COVID-19 in Manitoba". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  100. "COVID-19 (coronavirus) in Ontario". Government of Ontario. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  101. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Québec". Gouvernement du Québec. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  102. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  103. "COVID-19". Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  104. "Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) cases in Nova Scotia: data visualization". Government of Nova Scotia. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  105. "Newfoundland and Labrador COVID-19 Pandemic Update Data Hub". ArcGIS. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  106. "Information about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) for Yukoners". Government of Yukon. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  107. "Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)". Government of Northwest Territories. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  108. "COVID-19 (Novel Coronavirus)". Government of Nunavut. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  109. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Outbreak update". Government of Canada. May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  110. Rowe, Daniel (July 17, 2020). "Quebec COVID-19 recovery rate skyrockets after new system implemented". CTV News. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  111. "Archived: WHO Timeline - COVID-19". www.who.int.
  112. Favaro, Avis. "Canadian health authority warns travellers over mysterious illness sickening dozens in China". CTV News.
  113. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Outbreak update". Public Health Agency of Canada. March 15, 2020.
  114. "Canada to screen central China travelers for virus at 3 airports". Globalnews.ca. Corus Entertainment. January 17, 2020. Archived from the original on January 18, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
  115. "China reports 4 more cases of new strain of coronavirus". CBC News. January 18, 2020. Archived from the original on January 18, 2020. Retrieved January 18, 2020.
  116. "Coronavirus 2019-nCoV – Professionnels de la santé – MSSS". Government of Quebec (in French). January 28, 2020. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 29, 2020.
  117. "Several people in Canada being monitored for signs of coronavirus: Health minister". CTV News. January 23, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  118. "The coronavirus hospital built in days". BBC News. February 2, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
  119. Please select all that apply (December 8, 2006). "Table of Contents: Canadian Pandemic Influenza Preparedness: Planning Guidance for the Health Sector". Canada.ca. Archived from the original on March 10, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  120. Please select all that apply (April 4, 2018). "Federal/Provincial/Territorial Public Health Response Plan for Biological Events". Canada.ca. Archived from the original on March 6, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  121. "Canada's COVID-19 plans could include closing schools, cancelling events, but we're 'not there yet' - National". Globalnews.ca. February 27, 2020. Archived from the original on February 28, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  122. Boynton, Sean (March 18, 2020). "Coronavirus: Health minister signs order for faster access to COVID-19 test kits". Global News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  123. "Health Canada expedites access to COVID-19 diagnostic laboratory test kits and other medical devices". Health Canada news release. March 18, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
  124. Raj, Althia (March 19, 2020). "Weeks Until We Know COVID-19 Social Distancing Is Working: Top Doctor". HuffPost. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  125. "Trudeau announces $1B coronavirus response fund for provinces, territories". Global News. Archived from the original on March 12, 2020. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  126. "Government of Canada funds 49 additional COVID-19 research projects". Government of Canada news release. March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  127. Fife, Robert (March 20, 2020). "Ottawa announces COVID-19 funds for industry to produce medical equipment". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  128. "Feds launch ad campaign urging social distancing, hygiene during COVID-19 crisis". CTV News. Bell Media. March 22, 2020.
  129. "Corbella: Trudeau's attempted power grab an alarming breach of trust". Calgary Herald. March 28, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  130. "COVID-19: Scheer says talk of 'new government powers' shouldn't get in way of passing of aid package". National Post. March 24, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  131. "Chris Selley: Cheers to parliamentary supremacists, whose lonely struggles are not entirely in vain". National Post. March 24, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  132. "Trudeau says sweeping coronavirus bill powers needed given 'exceptional situation' - National". Globalnews.ca. March 24, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  133. "Tories will support aid to Canadians, not Liberal 'power grab': Scheer - BNN Bloomberg". Bnnbloomberg.ca. March 24, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  134. Aiello, Rachel (March 31, 2020). "House health committee holding first virtual briefing on COVID-19 efforts". CTV News. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  135. Moss, Neil (March 30, 2020). "COVID-19 can't end parliamentary scrutiny, say experts". Hill Times. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  136. "Coronavirus: Wearing non-medical masks will help others but not you, Tam says". Global News. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  137. "Trudeau responds to question about wearing non-medical masks". Toronto Star. YouTube. April 7, 2020. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  138. "PM Trudeau provides update on federal response to COVID-19". CPAC. YouTube. April 7, 2020. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  139. "Trudeau says "Speaking moistly" during update and immediately regrets it". Your Morning. CTV. April 8, 2020. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  140. "Edmonton musician riffs on Justin Trudeau's cringe-worthy 'speaking moistly' gaffe". CBC News. April 12, 2020. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  141. "Edmonton artist auto-tunes PM's 'speaking moistly' comments". CityNews Toronto. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  142. Belmonte, Lisa (April 9, 2020). "Justin Trudeau's 'Speaking Moistly' Moment Was Turned Into A Song & It's Hilarious". Narcity Media. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  143. "Coronavirus: Ontario Nurses' Association calls work conditions in care homes 'unfathomable'". Global News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  144. "Nearly half of Canada's COVID-19 deaths linked to long-term care facilities: Tam". Global News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  145. Aiello, Rachel (April 16, 2020). "COVID-19 impact on seniors' homes 'far more severe' than feared: PM". CTV News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  146. Aiello, Rachel (April 13, 2020). "Nearly half of known COVID-19 deaths in Canada linked to long-term care homes: Tam". CTV News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  147. "'Recipe for disaster': Why advocates say long-term care homes need more than new national guidelines". CTV News. April 14, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  148. Bilefsky, Dan (April 17, 2020). "How Can It Happen Here? The Shocking Deaths in Canada's Long-Term {{subst:lc:Care}} Homes". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  149. Weeks, Carly (April 28, 2020). "Long-term care home staff, residents struggling with restrictive COVID-19 policies". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  150. "Long-term care homes with the most coronavirus deaths in Canada". Global News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  151. "Trudeau looks to support long-term care workers, boost wages for essential workers". Global News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  152. "Pandemic COVID-19 all countries: avoid non-essential travel outside Canada". Government of Canada website. March 14, 2020. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  153. Dunham, Jackie (March 25, 2020). "Travellers returning home must enter mandatory self-isolation: health minister". CTV News. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  154. Harris, Kathleen (March 16, 2020). "Canada to bar entry to travellers who are not citizens, permanent residents or Americans". CBC News. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  155. Aiello, Rachel (March 16, 2020). "Canada restricting who can enter the country due to COVID-19: PM Trudeau". CTV News. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  156. Dickson, Jane (March 18, 2020). "Canada-U.S. border to close except for essential supply chains". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
  157. "Canada-U.S. border closing to non-essential travel at midnight, irregular migrants to be turned away". toronto.citynews.ca. March 20, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  158. Ljunggren, David (April 16, 2020). "Canada to keep border restrictions with U.S. for a 'significant' time, Trudeau says". Financial. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  159. "Canada-U.S. agree to extend border restrictions by 30 days: sources". CTV News. April 17, 2020. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  160. Patel, Raisa (March 28, 2020). "No more domestic travel by plane or train for those showing coronavirus symptoms, Trudeau says". CBC News. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  161. "Coronavirus: Air travellers required to wear non-medical masks under new rules". Global News. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  162. "Parliament suspended 5 weeks amid COVID-19 concerns after passing trade deal, spending bills". CBC News. March 13, 2020. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  163. "Bank of Canada lowers interest rate". financialpost.com. March 13, 2020. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  164. "Bank of Canada lowers overnight rate target to ¾ percent". bankofcanada.ca (Press release). Bank of Canada. March 13, 2020. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  165. "Bank of Canada lowers overnight rate target to ¼ percent". bankofcanada.ca (Press release). Bank of Canada. March 27, 2020. Archived from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  166. "Bank of Canada: Key interest rate cut to lowest level". ctvnews.ca. March 27, 2020. Archived from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  167. "Coronavirus: Here's what's happening in Canada and the world Thursday". CBC News. March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  168. "Trudeau's $82B coronavirus support package gets royal assent, officially passes". globalnews.ca. March 25, 2020.
  169. "Nearly 5.4 million receiving emergency federal aid". ctvnews.ca. April 13, 2020.
  170. Press, Jordan (April 24, 2020). "Expectant mothers left out of key COVID-19 emergency-aid program will receive financial help, Qualtrough says". The Globe and Mail. Canadian Press. Retrieved April 25, 2020.
  171. Aiello, Rachel (April 15, 2020). "Essential workers to get salary top-up, eligibility for emergency benefit expanded: PM". CTV News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  172. "Coronavirus: Parliament adopts COVID-19 wage subsidy bill". Global News. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  173. "How to apply for the government's $25-billion CEBA business loan program". Financial Post. April 14, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  174. "PM Trudeau touts loan program, will return to Commons Saturday". CTV News. April 10, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  175. "Morning Brief: Feds seek 'shovel-ready' projects for post-COVID-19 stimulus". iPolitics. April 16, 2020.
  176. "PM Trudeau announces $9B in new COVID-19 funding for students". ctvnews.ca. April 22, 2020.
  177. "Federal deficit could top $252 billion, says budget officer". CBC. April 30, 2020.
  178. Zimonjic, Peter (July 3, 2020). "Ethics watchdog launches probe of Trudeau over choice of WE Charity to run $900M student grant program". CBC News. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  179. Breen, Kerri (July 3, 2020). "Ethics commissioner launches investigation into Trudeau, $900M WE Charity contract". Global News. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  180. Tasker, John Paul (July 3, 2020). "Federal government, WE Charity agree to part ways on summer student grant program". CBC News. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  181. "Federal public servants should work from home if possible: TBSs". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. March 16, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  182. "Exclusive: Canada gets Biomerieux formula for free to produce virus testing chemicals". Reuters. April 23, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  183. "Ottawa unveils plan to harness industry to ramp up production of COVID-19 medical gear | CBC News". Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  184. Platt, Brian (March 20, 2020). "COVID-19: Trudeau announces plan to 'mobilize industry' to produce medical supplies". National Post. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  185. Black, Matthew (March 17, 2020). "'The situation is very serious': Alberta to declare a state of public health emergency over COVID-19". CTV News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  186. Zussman, Richard (March 18, 2020). "B.C. declares state of emergency in response to coronavirus pandemic". Global News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  187. "B.C. bars, clubs must close; restaurants to either close or move to takeout and delivery". CBC News. March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  188. Ghoussoub, Michelle (March 20, 2020). "B.C. announces 77 new coronavirus cases, bringing total to 348, as restaurants close province-wide". CBC News. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  189. Unger, Danton (May 20, 2020). "Manitoba boosts gathering size limits to 25 people indoors, 50 people outdoors". CTV News. Winnipeg. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  190. "SECOND PHASE OF RESTORING SAFE SERVICES PLAN TO BEGIN JUNE 1". Province of Manitoba. May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  191. Gowriluk, Caitlyn (March 20, 2020). "Bingo halls, gyms ordered to close as Manitoba declares state of emergency over coronavirus". CBC News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  192. "COVID-19 BULLETIN #33". Province of Manitoba. March 27, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  193. "New Brunswick now under state of emergency". The Chronicle Herald. March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  194. "Restricted entry: Special Measures Order (Amendment No.11)" (PDF). gov.nl.ca. April 29, 2020. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 1, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  195. "Restrict gathering: Special Measures Order (Amendment No.3)" (PDF). gov.nl.ca. March 31, 2020. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 28, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  196. "Restaurants: Special Measures Order" (PDF). gov.nl.ca. March 24, 2020. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 28, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  197. Williams, Ollie (March 18, 2020). "NWT declares public health emergency over coronavirus". Cabin Radio. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  198. "Information on JK-12 Schools". ece.gov.nt. Education, Culture and Employment - Government of Northwest Territories. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
  199. Chisholm, Cassidy (March 15, 2020). "N.S. schools, daycares closing for 2 weeks after March Break amid COVID-19 outbreak". CBC News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  200. April, Alan (March 22, 2020). "N.S. declares State of Emergency, identifies 7 more cases of COVID-19". CTV Atlantic. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
  201. "What it means for Nova Scotians". Novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Communications Nova Scotia. January 30, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
  202. "Nunavut declares state of public health emergency". CBC News. March 18, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  203. "COVID-19: reopening child care centres". www.ontario.ca. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  204. "Reopening Ontario in stages - What can open in Stage 3". www.ontario.ca. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  205. Jones, Allison (March 17, 2020). "'This is not a provincial shutdown': Ford declares a State of Emergency in Ontario". CTV News. The Canadian Press. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  206. "'Declaration of emergency". CTV News. Government of Ontario. March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  207. Rocca, Ryan; Shah, Maryam (March 28, 2020). "Ontario government bans gatherings of more than 5 people in bid to stop coronavirus spread". Global News. Global News. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  208. Dillman, Martha (July 17, 2020). "Moving into Stage 3? Here's what you need to know". CBC. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  209. Ministry of Health (July 31, 2020). "Ontario Implementing Additional Measures at Bars and Restaurants to Help Limit the Spread of COVID-19". Ontario.ca. Retrieved August 12, 2020.
  210. Frisk, Adam (March 16, 2020). "P.E.I declares 'public health emergency' amid COVID-19 pandemic". CTV News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  211. "Gatherings and audiences - COVID-19". Government of Quebec. August 5, 2020. Retrieved August 12, 2020.
  213. Authier, Philip (March 12, 2020). "Quebec shuts down as Premier François Legault declares an emergency". The Gazette. Montreal. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  214. "Coronavirus: Quebec government bans public gatherings of all sizes". Global News. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  215. "Réduction au minimum des services et activités non-prioritaires". March 24, 2020. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
  216. "Conférence de presse de Mme Geneviève Guilbault, vice-première ministre et Mme Danielle McCann, ministre de la Santé et des Services sociaux". Assemblée nationale du Québec (in French). March 28, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  217. "Northern Saskatchewan travel restricted as COVID-19 cases rise". Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. April 24, 2020. Retrieved April 25, 2020.
  218. "'The community is scared': COVID-19 cases spike in La Loche". CTV News Saskatoon. April 24, 2020. Retrieved April 25, 2020.
  219. Hill, Katherine; Solomon, Michaela (March 18, 2020). "COVID-19: Sask. declares state of emergency, additional measures, after announcing 8 new cases". CTV News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  220. Davis, Austin. "COVID-19: Sask. police can enforce emergency orders". Leader Post. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  221. Shahab, Saqib (March 26, 2020), Public Health Order (PDF), Government of Saskatchewan, retrieved March 28, 2020
  222. MacIntyre, Chris (March 18, 2020). "Yukon's chief medical officer of health declares public health emergency". APTN News. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  223. "Current COVID-19 situation". yukon.ca. March 31, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
  224. Authier, Philip (March 13, 2020). "Quebec shuts down as Premier François Legault declares an emergency". The Gazette. Montreal. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  225. "CCLA LIVE COVID-LIBERTY UPDATES". Canadian Civil Liberties Association. March 20, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  226. "New Order Makes Self-Isolation Mandatory for Individuals Entering Canada". Government of Canada. March 25, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  227. "What are the coronavirus rules in my province? A quick guide to what's allowed and open, or closed and banned". The Globe and Mail. April 1, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  228. Rushowy, Kristin (March 12, 2020). "Ontario schools to shut down for two weeks after March Break to fight the spread of COVID-19". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  229. Gilson, Patrick John (March 13, 2020). "Several Ontario Universities Are Now Cancelling Classes Due To COVID-19". Narcity. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  230. Fung, Nathan (April 1, 2020). "Universities differ on whether a pass-fail grading scheme should be optional". University Affairs. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  231. Fletcher, Tanya (March 19, 2020). "COVID-19 shut down B.C. schools – so why are daycares still open?". CBC News. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  232. "Ontario orders all non-essential businesses to shut down". CTV News Toronto. March 23, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  233. "14 new COVID-19 cases in Sask. as province limits gatherings to 10 people". Regina. March 25, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  234. News (March 24, 2020). "COVID-19: Ontario and Quebec order non-essential businesses closed after spike in coronavirus totals | National Post". Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  235. April, Allan (March 24, 2020). "P.E.I. to reopen liquor store, offer Sobeys gift cards to laid-off workers". CTV News. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  236. George-Cosh, David (April 7, 2020). "Ontario's pot shops to reopen with delivery, click-and-collect options". BNN Bloomberg. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  237. Flanagan, Ryan (March 26, 2020). "Emergency benefits: What each province is offering during the COVID-19 pandemic". Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  238. "COVID-19 and the courts: March 20 update". canadianlawyermag.com.
  239. "Supreme Court of Canada postpones carbon tax hearing". Business in Vancouver.
  240. Johnson, Kelsey (March 19, 2020). "First Nations close borders over coronavirus, using 'isolation as a strength'". The Globe and Mail. Reuters. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  241. "Canada Actually Added Jobs In May: StatCan". HuffPost Canada. June 5, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
  242. "Quebec calls for cancellation of all sports, festivals and cultural events until Aug. 31". montreal.ctvnews.ca. April 10, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
  243. Rieger, Sarah (March 16, 2020). "WestJet to suspend all international flights". CBC News. Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  244. "The pandemic is creating a season of anxiety in hard-hit farm sectors". CBC. May 6, 2020.
  245. "Cases in Alberta: Data updated to March 31". Government of Alberta. March 31, 2020. Archived from the original on April 1, 2020. Retrieved March 31, 2020. This page includes Aggregate data, Cases in Alberta, and Testing in Alberta
  246. "Cases in Alberta". alberta.ca. Government of Alberta. Archived from the original on March 29, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  247. Black, Matthew (March 30, 2020). "Infographics: COVID-19 in Alberta by the numbers". Edmonton. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  248. "Presumptive COVID-19 case reported in Alberta". Government of Alberta. March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on March 7, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  249. "Alberta reports first presumptive case of COVID-19". Edmonton. March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  250. "COVID-19 info for Albertans". Archived from the original on March 8, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  251. "7 new COVID-19 cases stem from single Calgary-area gathering". Calgary. March 15, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  252. Romero, Diego (March 2020). "Alberta confirms 23 new cases of COVID-19, bringing total to 97". Edmonton. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  253. Zussman, Richard. "Non-essential dental services paused after COVID-19 cases linked to Vancouver dental conference". Global News.
  254. Herring, Jason (March 19, 2020). "Alberta announces first COVID-19 death; 27 new cases confirmed". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  255. Romero, Diego (March 25, 2020). "61 more cases of COVID-19 in Alberta; total surpasses 400". Edmonton. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  256. Update on COVID-19 - March 25 at 3:30 pm. Government of Alberta. March 25, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  257. "Cases in Alberta: data". Government of Alberta. March 25, 2020. Archived from the original on March 25, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  258. Update on COVID-19 - March 26 at 3:30 pm. Government of Alberta. March 26, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  259. "Father of Cargill worker becomes 2nd person to die in massive outbreak linked to slaughterhouse - CBC News". CBC. May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  260. "Cargill to temporarily idle Alberta beef plant as hundreds of workers infected by COVID-19". Reuters.
  261. "British Columbia COVID-19 Dashboard". BC Gov. Retrieved April 23, 2020.
  262. "First presumptive case of coronavirus confirmed in B.C." Global News. Archived from the original on January 28, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  263. "Joint statement on British Columbia's fifth case of novel coronavirus | BC Gov News". News.gov.bc.ca. February 14, 2020. Archived from the original on March 10, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  264. "Joint statement on B.C.'s sixth case of novel coronavirus | BC Gov News". News.gov.bc.ca. February 20, 2020. Archived from the original on February 29, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  265. "Update on new and existing COVID-19 cases in British Columbia | BC Gov News". News.gov.bc.ca. March 7, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  266. "Tracking every case of COVID-19 in Canada". CTV News. March 13, 2020. Archived from the original on March 15, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  267. b-c-health-officials-announce-9-new-covid-19-cases-clarify-testing-procedures-1
  268. Kotyk, Alyse (March 16, 2020). "3 more Canadian deaths connected to COVID-19 recorded in B.C." British Columbia. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  269. "3 more people die of COVID-19 in B.C." CBC News. March 16, 2020. Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  270. Meissner, Dirk (March 16, 2020). "British Columbia reports three more deaths from COVID-19". The Canadian Press. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  271. Little, Simon (March 19, 2020). "Coronavirus: B.C. announces 40 new cases and 1 new death". Global News. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  272. "B.C. declares public health emergency with 186 cases of COVID-19 and 7 deaths". CBC News. March 17, 2020. Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  273. "Province of Manitoba | COVID-19 Updates". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
  274. "Province of Manitoba | COVID-19 Bulletin #12". News.gov.mb.ca. Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  275. Bergen, Rachel (May 13, 2020). "No referral needed to get COVID-19 test in Manitoba starting Thursday". CBC News. Retrieved May 16, 2020.
  276. "Province of Manitoba | Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Bulletin #8". News.gov.mb.ca. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  277. "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  278. "New Brunswick now has one confirmed case of COVID-19 and one presumptive case | North Shore News". Nsnews.com. February 25, 2015. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  279. Fraser, Elizabeth (March 15, 2020). "N.B. COVID-19 roundup: 4 new cases detected in New Brunswick". CBC News. Archived from the original on March 16, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  280. Fraser, Elizabeth (March 16, 2020). "N.B. COVID-19 roundup: 2 confirmed cases, 5th presumptive case of COVID-19 in New Brunswick". CBC News. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  281. "COVID-19 Information". COVID-19. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  282. Smyth, Jeff. "First Presumptive Case of COVID-19 Identified in NL". VOCM. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  283. "Newfoundland woman arrested for refusing to self isolate after talking to police". globalnews.ca. March 25, 2020.
  284. Flanagan, Ryan (March 25, 2020). "N.L. announces 32 new COVID-19 cases; woman arrested for disobeying isolation order". CTV News. BellMedia. CTV News Atlantic. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  285. McKenzie-Sutter, Holly (April 5, 2020). "Anxiety grows in N.L. as 75 per cent of COVID-19 cases traced to funeral home". CTV News. CTV News. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  286. Services, Health and Social. "Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)". hss.gov.nt.ca. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  287. "First case of COVID-19 reported in Northwest Territories". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. March 21, 2020.
  288. "Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)". Nova Scotia.
  289. Young, Brandon (March 15, 2020). "Three presumptive COVID-19 cases announced in N.S." CTV News. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  290. "Halifax police seize vehicle, issue ticket to woman violating COVID-19 emergency order". globalnews.ca. March 29, 2020.
  291. "The benefits of isolation: Nunavut doesn't have a single confirmed case of COVID-19". National Post. April 10, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  292. Dawson, Tyler (April 30, 2020). "Nunavut confirms first case of COVID-19: 'It was only a matter of time'". National Post. Toronto ON, Edmonton AB. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  293. Tranter, Emma (April 30, 2020). "Nunavut begins contact tracing in connection with first COVID-19 case". Nunatsiaq News. Iqualuit NU: Nortext Publishing Corporation. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  294. Frizzell, Sara (April 30, 2020). "Nunavut reports 1st case of COVID-19 in Pond Inlet". CBC.ca. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  295. "Top doctor apologizes for Nunavut's only COVID-19 case turning out to be false positive". CBC News. May 4, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  296. "Nunavut remains free of COVID-19 diagnoses after presumptive case turns out negative". Global News. The Canadian Press. July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
  297. "COVID-19 case data". ontario.ca. Retrieved June 24, 2020.
  298. "Man who flew to Toronto from China is Canada's first coronavirus case". CP24. Archived from the original on February 29, 2020. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
  299. "Newsroom : Ontario Confirms New Positive Cases of COVID-19". News.ontario.ca. Archived from the original on March 15, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
  300. "1st death confirmed in Ontario as province declares state of emergency over COVID-19 | CBC News". Retrieved March 17, 2020.
  301. Mitchell, Don (March 19, 2020). "Coronavirus: Man in his 50s is the second COVID-19 death in Ontario". Global News. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  302. Toolkit, Web Experience. "COVID-19". princeedwardisland.ca. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  303. Juric, Sam (March 14, 2020). "First confirmed case of COVID-19 on P.E.I. announced". CBC News. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  304. April, Alan (March 25, 2020). "P.E.I. identifies two new cases of COVID-19; five total". CTV News Atlantic. CTV News. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  305. "Situation of the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Québec". quebec.ca. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  306. ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Société-. "Coronavirus : un premier cas est officiellement confirmé au Québec" (in French). CBC/Radio-Canada. Archived from the original on March 8, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  307. "Un premier cas de COVID-19 au Québec". La Presse (in French). February 27, 2020. Archived from the original on February 28, 2020. Retrieved February 28, 2020.
  308. Schwartz, Susan (March 5, 2020). "Montreal woman with COVID-19 is back at home after medical evaluation". The Gazette. Montreal. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  309. Tomesco, Frédéric; 2020 (February 28, 2020). "Montreal has Quebec's first probable case of the COVID-19 coronavirus". The Gazette. Montreal. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  310. "Quebec woman diagnosed with COVID-19 released from Jewish General Hospital". Global News. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  311. "Un 8e cas confirmé au Québec". La Presse (in French). March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  312. ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Société-. "Coronavirus : deux cas confirmés et un autre cas probable au Québec" (in French). CBC/Radio-Canada. Archived from the original on March 6, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  313. Luft, Amy (March 5, 2020). "Third probable case of COVID-19 reported in Quebec, hours after second case is confirmed". CTV News Montreal. Archived from the original on March 7, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  314. "Trois cas confirmés et un cas probable au Québec". TVA Nouvelles. Archived from the original on March 9, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  315. Blais, Stéphane, et Ugo Giguère, La Presse. "Un quatrième cas probable de COVID-19 est identifié au Québec". L’actualité (in French). Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  316. "Quebec health authorities say coronavirus patient used Montreal, Longueuil public transit". Global News. Archived from the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  317. "Coronavirus : une personne infectée a pris les transports en commun à Montréal" (in French). CBC/Radio-Canada. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  318. "Legault assesses coronavirus threat in Quebec as 'weak'". The Gazette. Montreal. March 9, 2020. Archived from the original on March 10, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  319. "Quatre cas confirmés et un cas probable détecté au Québec". TVA Nouvelles. Archived from the original on March 10, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  320. ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Santé-. "Coronavirus : une personne infectée a pris les transports en commun à Montréal | Coronavirus" (in French). CBC/Radio-Canada. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  321. "Une Québécoise infectée a pris les transports en commun". La Presse (in French). March 10, 2020. Archived from the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  322. ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Santé-. "COVID-19 : maintenant sept cas confirmés au Québec | Coronavirus" (in French). CBC/Radio-Canada. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  323. Leduc, Louise; Ferah, Mayssa; Lacoursière, Ariane (March 11, 2020). "Un 8e cas confirmé au Québec". La Presse. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  324. "As it happened: Quebec confirms more COVID-19 cases as WHO declares pandemic". The Gazette. Montreal. March 11, 2020. Archived from the original on March 12, 2020. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  325. "Coronavirus (COVID-19)". quebec.ca (in French). Archived from the original on March 15, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
  326. Laframboise, Kalina (March 18, 2020). "Quebec reports first death in the province due to coronavirus". Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
  327. "Quebec City police arrest COVID-19 patient for defying quarantine". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. March 19, 2020.
  328. "Sask. dentists asked to consider limiting work to emergencies only". CBC News. March 17, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
  329. "11 Sask. healthcare workers test positive for COVID-19 after curling bonspiel in Alta". Regina. March 21, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
  330. "Saskatchewan sees biggest jump in COVID-19 cases, 30 reported Saturday". Global News. Archived from the original on March 29, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  331. "30 new cases of COVID-19 in Sask., 6 people in hospital". CTV News Regina. March 28, 2020. Archived from the original on March 29, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  332. Quenneville, Guy; Hunter, Adam (March 30, 2020). "COVID-19 in Sask: Province marks 'sad milestone' of first 2 deaths". CBC News. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  333. "4 new COVID-19 cases in Sask., province encourages downloading SaskAlert app". CTV News Regina. April 6, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  334. "Saskatchewan reaches 260 COVID-19 cases, 7 new recoveries". CTV News Regina. April 7, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  335. "Sask. now has more COVID-19 recoveries than active cases". CTV News Regina. April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
  336. "2 new coronavirus cases, 14 more recoveries reported in Saskatchewan". Global News. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  337. "1 new COVID-19 case in Sask., 9 new recoveries". CTV News Regina. April 14, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  338. "34 new cases of COVID-19 marks provinces largest single-day increase". CTV News Regina. May 4, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  339. Hill, Katherine (April 13, 2020). "2 new COVID-19 cases in Sask., premier starting on plan to 're-open' province". CTV News Regina. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  340. Hill, Katherine (April 15, 2020). "Sask. state of emergency to remain in place for another two weeks". CTV News Regina. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  341. "Saskatchewan confirms 5th coronavirus-related death, 12 new cases". Global News. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  342. "La Loche remains epicentre of new Saskatchewan COVID-19 cases". Regina Leader-Post. April 27, 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2020.
  343. Taylor, Stephenie (May 6, 2020). "COVID 19 outbreak in northern Saskatchewan 'of concern' says Canada's chief health officer". Canadian Press. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  344. "Information about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) for Yukoners". yukon.ca. February 6, 2020. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  345. "Yukon has 2 confirmed cases of COVID-19, the 1st in the territory". CBC News. March 22, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
  346. "Laboratory testing strategy recommendations for COVID-19, Interim Guidance 21 March 2020" (PDF). apps.who.int.
  347. "Trudeau bets on COVID-19 blood tests for now as Canada ramps up long effort for a vaccine". thestar.com. April 23, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  348. News; Canada (April 28, 2020). "COVID-19 update: Canada closing on 50,000 known cases. Nursing homes account for 79% of deaths | National Post". Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  349. Berry, Isha; Soucy, Jean-Paul R.; Tuite, Ashleigh; Fisman, David (April 14, 2020). "Open access epidemiologic data and an interactive dashboard to monitor the COVID-19 outbreak in Canada". CMAJ. 192 (15): E420–E420. doi:10.1503/cmaj.75262. ISSN 0820-3946.
  350. Canada, Health (April 30, 2020). "Diagnostic devices for use against coronavirus (COVID-19): List of applications received". aem. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  351. Canada, Health (March 18, 2020). "Health Canada expedites access to COVID-19 diagnostic laboratory test kits and other medical devices". gcnws. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  352. Canada, Health (April 30, 2020). "COVID-19: List of authorized diagnostic devices for use against coronavirus". aem. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  353. Canada, Public Health Agency of (May 1, 2020). "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Outbreak update". aem. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  354. "One confirmed, one presumptive case of coronavirus in Ontario; numbers will likely grow, health leaders warn". theglobeandmail.com. January 27, 2020.
  355. Fox, Chris (January 31, 2020). "Woman who initially tested negative now has Ontario's third confirmed case of novel coronavirus". CP24. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  356. "Fredericton company gets federal contract to supply COVID-19 test chemicals for country". CBC News. April 15, 2020.
  357. News, Mike Blanchfield |; April 23, 2020, Politics | (April 23, 2020). "Key COVID-19 testing chemical reaches Canada from China". National Observer. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  358. "Health officials expect more coronavirus cases, but say risk of outbreak in Canada remains low". CBC News. January 26, 2020. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
  359. "cobas® 8800 System". diagnostics.roche.com. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  360. "Canadian company says its coronavirus test could enhance screening". Global News. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  361. von Stackleberg, Marina (April 15, 2020). "False negative COVID-19 tests caused by testing too early, faulty swab technique: microbiologist". CBC News.
  362. "Ontario orders close to one million Spartan Bioscience portable COVID-19 test kits". April 13, 2020.
  363. "News - Spartan Bioscience Inc". spartanbio.com. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  364. "Rapid test for COVID-19 recalled after Health Canada expresses concerns". Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  365. "Partnerships with Canadian industry to fight the COVID-19 pandemic".
  366. "Guelph company shifts focus and creates a 60-minute COVID-19 test". GuelphToday.com. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  367. "COVID-19 community spread in Ontario has likely reached its peak, new modelling shows". April 20, 2020.
  368. "Health Canada approves serological test to detect COVID-19 antibodies". Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  369. editor, Sarah Boseley Health (April 20, 2020). "WHO warns that few have developed antibodies to Covid-19". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved May 1, 2020.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  370. "Prime Minister announces new support for COVID-19 medical research and vaccine development".
  371. "COVID-19 roundup: Made-in-Canada solutions". The Logic. April 7, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  372. Laroche, Jean (April 17, 2020). "N.S. research company develops antibody test for COVID-19".
  373. "Guelph, Ont., company to develop blood test for COVID-19 immunity". Global News. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  374. "How does a coronavirus antibody home test kit work, and how do I get one?". telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  375. "What is antigen testing? How a new test could help track the coronavirus outbreak". nbcnews.com. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  376. "Advice on the use of point-of-care immunodiagnostic tests for COVID-19". who.int. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  377. "Coronavirus – Sona Nanotech". Archived from the original on April 24, 2020. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  378. "How many coronavirus cases are there in Canada, by province, and worldwide? The latest maps and charts" – via The Globe and Mail.
  379. "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Epidemiology update". Public Health Agency of Canada. July 2, 2020. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  380. "Situation of the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Québec". Govt of Quebec. May 15, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  381. "Confirmed positive cases of COVID19 in Ontario". Ontario Govt. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  382. "British Columbia COVID-19 Daily Situation Report, May 15, 2020" (PDF). BC Center for Disease Control. May 15, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  383. "COVID-19 in Alberta". Govt of Alberta. May 15, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  384. Statistics Canada. "Population estimates on July 1st, by age and sex". Retrieved April 28, 2020.
  385. "Tracking the Coronavirus". CBC News. May 15, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.