Wings of Fire

Wings of Fire: An Autobiography of A P J Abdul Kalam (1999), former President of India. It was written by Dr. Kalam and Arun Tiwari.[1]

This article is about the autobiography of APJ Abdul Kalam. For other uses, see Wings of Fire (disambiguation).

Wings of Fire

Cover for A P J Abdul Kalam's Wings of Fire
Author	A P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari
Cover artist	Photograph courtesy: The Week
Subject	India's journey to self-reliance in technology
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Universities Press
Publication date	1999
Media type	Print (paperback)
Pages	180 (paperback edition)
ISBN	81-7371-146-1 (paperback edition)
OCLC	41326410
LC Class	Q143.A197 A3 1999

Kalam examines his early life, effort, hardship, fortitude, luck and chance that eventually led him to lead Indian space research, nuclear and missile programs. Kalam started his career, after graduating from Aerospace engineering at MIT (Chennai), India, at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and was assigned to build a hovercraft prototype. Later he moved to ISRO and helped establish the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and pioneered the first space launch-vehicle program. During the 1990s and early 2000, Kalam moved to the DRDO to lead the Indian nuclear weapons program, with particular successes in thermonuclear weapons development culminating in the operation Smiling Buddha and an ICBM Agni (missile). Kalam died on 27 July 2015, during a speech at Indian Institute of Management in Shillong, Meghalaya.

Translations

The autobiography first published in English, has so far been translated and published in 13 languages including Hindi, English, Bangla bengali, Telugu,[2] Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Marathi, and Gujarati. Outside of the major Indian languages, Wings of Fire was translated into Chinese (titled Huo Yi, by Ji Peng), and into French.[3]

Structure

Wings of Fire unfolds the story of Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam from his childhood in the following seven sections:

• Preface
• Introductions
• Orientation
• Creation
• Propitiation
• Contemplation
• Epilogue

Introduction

Kalam was born in 1931, the son of a little-educated boat owner in Ramaeswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father was also the imam of the small mosque in Rameswaram. He had an unparalleled career as a defence scientist, culminating the highest civilian award of India, Bharat Ratna. As a chief of the country's defence research and development programmer, Kalam demonstrated a great potential for dynamics and innovations that existed in seemingly moribund research establishment. This is the story of Kalam's own rise from obscurity and his personal and professional struggles, as well as the story of AGNI, TRISHUL and NAG missiles that have become household names in India and that have raised the nation to the level of a missile power of international reckoning. Since independence, India has sought in various ways, to self-realization, and to adulation and success.

Orientation

The book begins with the childhood of Kalam's life. In the beginning, he introduces us to his family and tries to familiarize us with his birthplace Rameswaram. In the childhood, he was a great admirer of his father, Jainulabdeen. He was a man of great wisdom and kindness, and Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, a close friend of his father and the head priest of the Rameswaram Temple. He had an ideal helpmate in his mother, Ashiamma. He was also influenced by his close friend, Ahmed Jallaluddin; he was about 15 years older than Kalam. With his friend, he talked about spiritual matters. This shows that he believed in spirituality and also believed in God or Khudah. He always went to Lord Shiva's temple with his friends.

The later part of the opening chapters, he introduces his cousin Samsuddin, his school teachers and all the people who were felt any difference amongst them. Here he expresses one event, which happened in his school days, "Rameswaram Sastry, a new teacher of his school he could not stomach a Hindu Priest's son sitting with a Muslim boy. In accordance with our social ranking as the new teacher saw it, I was asked to go and sit on the back bench. I felt very sad, and so did my parents about the incident. Lakshmana Sastry summoned the teacher, and in our presence, told the teacher that he should not spread the poison of social inequality and communal intolerance in the minds of innocent children".

He completed his school education in the Rameswaram Elementary School and Schwartz High School, Rameswaram. In 1950, he joined St. Joseph's College Trichi, to study for the B.Sc degree course when he realized that physics was not his subject. Then, at last, he applied in Madras Institute of Technology, [MIT]. He or his family could not afford to spend that much of money for the course at MIT. Zohara, his sister stood with him. When he had in a specific branch of aeronautical engineering, the goal was very clear in his mind at that time. And he tried to communicate with different kinds of people. At MIT, their teachers shaped his thoughts, Prof. Sponder, Prof. Kal Pandalai and Prof. Narasingalu Rao. Each of them had carried distinct personalities. Last year MIT was a year of transition and had a great impact on his later life. From MIT, he went out to Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, [HAL], at Bangalore as a trainer. There he worked on engine overhauling as part of a team. He had trained in radial engine-cum- drum operations. After the completion of engineering, he had applied for the Air Force and Directorate of Technical Development and Production –DTP and PC (Air) of the Ministry of Defence. But he was not selected in Air Force because he failed to pass the physical fitness standards. Later, he was appointed in DTP and PC (Air) as senior scientific Assistant on basic salary only of Rs. 250 per month, in 1950. He had to create opportunities on his own. At the stage, he covered 32 eventful years of his life when he was just on the threshold of his career after graduation.

Creation

The section 'Creation' traverses seven chapters, from chapters four to chapter ten; and covers Kalam's life and work for 17 years, from the year 1963 until 1980. It begins with his recollection of works at the Langley Research Center, NASA, in Houston, Virginia, U.S., and at other facilities in the US, including the Wallops Flight Facility at Wallops Island in East Coast of the United States, Virginia. At a NASA facility, he remembers to have seen a painting, prominently displayed in the lobby. The painting depicted a battle scene with a rocket flying in the background. On closer examination, he found that the painting depicted Tipu Sultan's army fighting the British. Kalam felt happy to see an Indian glorified in NASA as a hero of rocketry warfare.

His association with Thumba and Satellite Launch Vehicle and related projects are vividly presented in the section 'Creation'. During the period covered under 'Creation', Kalam, in the year 1976, lost his father who lived up to 102 years of age. Kalam took the bereavement with courage and remembered these words written on the death of William Butler Yeats by his friend Auden, and his father:

Earth receive an honoured guest;
William Yeats is laid to rest:
In the prison of his days
Teach the free man how to praise.

The period covered in the section 'Creation' also brought Kalam national recognition. A pleasant surprise came in the form of conferment of Padma Bhushan on the Republic Day,1981.

Propitiation

Section Propitiation covers the period 1981 to 1991. This section covers the scientist's journey towards becoming the "Missile Man of India". In this section, his excellent leadership qualities as taking up the responsibility of shaping up the Guided Missile Development Program, are clearly visible. In this phase of the life, Kalam was responsible for the development of the five missiles – Prithvi, Trishul, Akash, Nag and Agni.

Pictures

The book has 24 plates with photographs associated with the life and work of Kalam:

1. Ramanathapuram, from where Kalam had completed his high schooling.
2. Plate 8 shows his teachers at Schwartz High School.
3. Plate 9 shows Nandi, an indigenous hovercraft prototype.
4. Plate 10 shows the picture of a Church in Thumba, a place which was donated by the local Christian community to India's Space Research Centre.
5. Plate 11 shows him with Prof. Vikram Sarabhai.
6. Plate 12 shows an SLV-3 review meeting.
7. Plate 13 shows presentation of members of the SLV-3 team.
8. Plate 14 is the first plate with a colour photograph and shows Prof. Brahm Prakash inspecting SLV-3 in its final stage on integration, and plate 16 shows a colour photograph of SLV-3 on the launch pad.
9. Plate 15 shows him with Prof. Satish Dhawan and the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
10. Plate 16 shows SLV-3 launch.
11. Plate 17 shows him receiving Padma Bhushan.
12. Plates 18 shows successful launch of Prithvi, now a part of India's surface-to-surface weapons system.
13. Plate 19 shows Kalam standing by the side of Agni, standing on its launch pad.
14. Plate 20 shows a cartoon by renowned cartoonist R.K. Laxman.
15. Plate 21 shows another cartoon on the failure of Agni Missile.
16. Plate 22 shows him after a successful launch of Agni Missile.
17. Plate 23 shows Kalam receiving the Bharat Ratna from K. R. Narayanan, the President.

References

1. Kalam; Tiwari. "Books: Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: Former President of India: Speeches". www.abdulkalam.nic.in. Universities Press(India) Private Limited, Hyderabad. Retrieved 2018-05-14.
2. "Oka VIjetha AtmaKatha(Wings of Fire)". Scribd. Retrieved 2018-06-07.
3. In French

External links

• Review of Wings of Fire
• A review of the book
• Wings of Fire to go online
• Book Review of Wings of Fire