William Middleton Wallace

William "Willie" Middleton Wallace (23 September 1892 – 22 August 1915) was a rugby union player. He played fullback for Cambridge University RFC and was capped for Scotland in 1913–14.

For other uses, see William Wallace (disambiguation).

Willie Wallace

Date of birth	(1892-09-23)23 September 1892
Place of birth	Edinburgh, Scotland
Date of death	22 August 1915(1915-08-22) (aged 22)
Place of death	near Lille, France
School	Edinburgh Academy
University	King's College, Cambridge
Rugby union career
Position(s) Fullback Amateur team(s) Years Team Apps (Points) 1912–1914 Cambridge University RFC () National team(s) Years Team Apps (Points) 1913–1914  Scotland 4 0
----
Military career
Buried	Cabaret-Rouge British Cemetery (XII. D. 11) (50.380885°N 2.741614°E / 50.380885; 2.741614)
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1914–1915
Rank	Lieutenant
Unit	5th Rifle Brigade, attached No. 2 Squadron RFC
Battles/wars	First World War  † First Battle of the Aisne

Having grown up in Edinburgh, Willie Wallace went to King's College, Cambridge in 1912, where he was immediately noticed for his rugby-playing ability. He was selected to play against Oxford in the Varsity Match in his first term. Later in the season, in March 1913, Scotland picked him to play away against England, in a close game, which England won by just three points. The following season he played in all three Home Nations matches against Wales, Ireland and England.

He was commissioned second lieutenant in The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own) at the start of the First World War and departed for the Western Front a few weeks later. In February 1915, he was attached to the Royal Flying Corps and soon became No. 2 Squadron's senior observer. In August 1915, while on a photographic reconnaissance mission, his aircraft was shot down in northern France, near Lille. At the time of his death, it was suggested that he might have been the first undergraduate to see action in the war.

Early life

Wallace was born in Edinburgh, the son of Robert and Mary Wallace, on 23 September 1892.[1] He went to school at Edinburgh Academy from 1899 to 1912 then studied at King's College, Cambridge until 15 July 1914. At school, he was in the rugby team for his final three years and vice-captain in the final year. He also played cricket, captaining the school team in 1911, as wicket-keeper.[2]

Rugby career

According to the rugby journalist and author E. H. D. Sewell, Wallace was the best fullback in the United Kingdom between 1912 and 1914.[3] On arriving at Cambridge in 1912, his performance in the freshers' rugby match earned him his place on the Cambridge XV to play Oxford in the Varsity Match.[3]

He was selected to play for Scotland against England in 1913; and Wales, Ireland, and England in 1914.[3]

Scotland's first Five Nations Championship match of 1914 was on 7 February, played away to Wales at Cardiff. Scotland had not won in Cardiff since 1890 and Wales were favourites, having 'lost so unluckily'[4] against England. The match pitted Welsh forward strength against the swift threequarter line of the Scots. The first points came from a try for Scotland by W. A. Stewart, converted by Hamilton, giving the visitors a five-point lead after four minutes. These were the only points they scored. Wales then attacked repeatedly and Wallace was kept busy in defence. With a 7–5 lead at half time, the Welsh pressed their advantage and ended the game 24–5 winners.[4]

In the country's final game before the outbreak of the First World War, on 21 March Scotland played host to an English team that had already defeated Wales and Ireland. The Scots, with the wind behind them, opened the scoring in the first half with a try but England equalised just before half time. After the break, England got up a lead of 6–16 and the visitors seemed certain to win. Scotland responded and closed the gap to one point. The English were then playing with fourteen men after Cherry Pillman's leg was broken in a tackle, since substitutions at the time were not allowed. They managed to hold on, beating Scotland 15–16, thereby winning both the Triple Crown and the Calcutta Cup, as well as the Five Nations.[5][6] It was England's last international test on British soil before the First World War: of the 30 players in the match, 11 went on to be killed in it, including the Englishman Arthur James Dingle,[7] who died the same day as Wallace.[8]

International appearances

Opposition	Score	Result	Date	Venue	Ref(s)
England	3–0	Lost	15 March 1913	Twickenham, England	[9]
Wales	24–5	Lost	7 February 1914	Cardiff, Wales	[10]
Ireland	6–0	Lost	28 February 1914	Lansdowne Road, Dublin, Ireland	[11]
England	15–16	Lost	21 March 1914	Inverleith, Scotland	[12]

Military service and death

A RAF B.E.2c of the type which Gallie and Wallace were flying when shot down in August 1915

Wallace, who was a cadet of the Officers Training Corps, was commissioned second lieutenant in the 5th Battalion, The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own) on 5 August 1914, while still an undergraduate.[13][14][15][16] There were suggestions at the time that he was the first undergraduate to go into action but they were not substantiated.[3] After two weeks' training at Sheppey, he departed for France on 30 August. There, he participated in the First Battle of the Aisne and was active on the Western Front at Frelinghien and Ploegsteert Wood.[3]

Wallace was attached to No. 2 Squadron, 1st Wing Royal Flying Corps (RFC) on 14 February 1915 as an observer,[3] alongside William Barnard Rhodes-Moorhouse, the first serviceman of the RFC to be awarded the Victoria Cross.[13] By July he was the squadron's senior observer and was made up to lieutenant on 21 July 1915.[3][17] On 22 August 1915, Wallace was on a photographic reconnaissance mission in a B.E.2c piloted by his friend 2Lt Charles Gallie. The plane was hit by anti-aircraft fire and came straight down at Sainghin, near Lille, northern France.[13]

Both men were buried near to where they fell, but after the war their bodies were reinterred at the Cabaret-Rouge British Cemetery (Grave reference XII. D. 11), Souchez, near Arras, France.[13][1]

References

1. Reading Room Manchester. "CWGC – William Middleton Wallace". cwgc.org.
2. Sewell 1919, p. 219.
3. Sewell 1919, p. 220.
4. "Amazing Win for Wales – South Wales Weekly Post". William Llewellyn Williams. 14 February 1914. hdl:10107/4091943. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
5. Collins 2009, pp. 47–48.
6. "Scotland beaten by a point". Aberdeen Journal. 23 March 1914. p. 9. Retrieved 24 July 2015 – via British Newspaper Archive.
7. Corsan 2009, pp. 269–270.
8. Sewell 1919, p. 44.
9. "Rugby Union – ESPN Scrum – England v Scotland at Twickenham". ESPN scrum.
10. "Rugby Union – ESPN Scrum – Wales v Scotland at Cardiff". ESPN scrum.
11. "Rugby Union – ESPN Scrum – Ireland v Scotland at Lansdowne Road". ESPN scrum.
12. "Rugby Union – ESPN Scrum – Scotland v England at Inverleith". ESPN scrum.
13. McCrery 2014, p. 214.
14. "No. 28873". The London Gazette. 18 August 1914. p. 6503.
15. "No. 28922". The London Gazette. 2 October 1914. p. 7816.
16. "No. 29278". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 August 1915. p. 8617.
17. "No. 29279". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 August 1915. p. 8631.

Bibliography

• Collins, Tony (2009). A Social History of English Rugby Union. Routledge. ISBN 9781134023356.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Corsan, James (2009). For Poulton and England: The Life and Times of an Edwardian Rugby Hero. Leicester: Matador. ISBN 978-1848762107.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• McCrery, Nigel (2014). Into Touch: Rugby Internationals Killed in the Great War. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1473833210.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Sewell, Edward Humphrey Dalrymple (1919). The Rugby Football Internationals Roll of Honour. London, Edinburgh: T. C. & E. C. Jack.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)