Air observer

An air observer or aerial observer is an aircrew member whose duties are predominantly reconnaissance. The term originated in the First World War in the British Royal Flying Corps, and was maintained by its successor, the Royal Air Force. An air observer's brevet was a single wing with an O at the root. Although today sometimes a manned aircraft is still utilised for aerial observation, industry and the military use both satellites and remotely piloted vehicles (RPV) for this function.

For the ground-based observer corps of World War II, see Royal Observer Corps.
Royal Air Force
of the British Armed Forces
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The term is also used in some non-military contexts, such as police helicopter units.[1]

The first recorded RAF "kill" of the Second World War, on 20 September 1939, was by air observer Sergeant F. Letchford, aboard a Fairey Battle, flown by Flying Officer L.H. Baker.[2]

Observers were also issued with weapons, and expected to engage with enemy aircraft in the early days of military aviation. Over time, the role changed and separate gunnery specialities emerged. By the Second World War the RAF commonly used the designation "air observer/navigator" in bomber crew.

Air observers were trained at the Air Observer Schools.[3]

Vietnam

In the Vietnam War, aerial observers also might be Forward Air Controllers (FACs). These O-1 Bird Dog, O-2 Skymaster and OV-10 Bronco pilots would slowly fly over an area and direct bombing by radio to fast moving jet aircraft.

Fleet Air Arm

Observer is still the term used in the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm (FAA) for non-pilot aircrew officers. The term dates back to one of the original roles of aircraft at sea, in the big gun era, which was to observe fall of shot, and radio back gunnery correction to their ship. Thus the observer originally had to be a highly trained gunnery officer, often senior in rank to the pilot. Unusually, in the FAA, an observer could rise to squadron commander. Modern FAA anti-submarine and attack helicopters are still crewed by a pilot and observer, the observer being responsible for managing the detection and weapon systems - while the pilot does the flying, the observer "fights the aircraft" making the necessary tactical and navigational decisions.[4]

gollark: The UK apparently has anomalously high population density so [RURAL AREA REDACTED] isn't very isolated compared to US rural areas, given that you can feasibly drive across England in 10 hours or so.
gollark: Personally, I do not actually have ”guns” and I use headphones for music.
gollark: Anyway, ignoring the whole pandemic situation, which is probably temporary, I would really much prefer to be in a city than [RURAL AREA REDACTED], where I am now.
gollark: I have no idea what the constitution over in USland actually says about this, but people just ignore it anyway.
gollark: Probably!

See also

References
  1. "Devon & Cornwall constabulary". Archived from the original on 2009-05-12. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  2. 88 Squadron history Archived 2008-10-24 at the Wayback Machine, Ministry of Defence
  3. RAF info
  4. Royal Navy Aircrew - Pilot & Observer - Royal Navy Website
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