WQHT

WQHT (97.1 FM, "Hot 97") is a commercial radio station, licensed to New York City, which broadcasts an urban contemporary format. The station is owned by Mediaco Holding and operated by Emmis Communications under a shared services agreement.

"Hot 97" redirects here. For the New Mexico-based pop radio station of the same name, see KBCQ-FM.

WQHT
CityNew York, New York
Broadcast areaNew York metropolitan area
Frequency97.1 MHz
BrandingHot 97
Slogan#1 For Hip Hop
Programming
FormatUrban contemporary
Ownership
OwnerMediaco Holding, Inc.
(Emmis License Corporation of New York)
OperatorEmmis Communications
Sister stationsWBLS, WEPN-FM (leased to ESPN Radio, WLIB
History
First air dateJanuary 11, 1940 (as W2XWG)
Former call signs
  • W2XWG (1940-1944)
  • WEAF-FM (1944-1946)
  • WNBC-FM (1946–1954 and 1960–1975)
  • WRCA-FM (1954–1960)
  • WNWS-FM (1975–1977)
  • WYNY (1977–1988)
Call sign meaningW Q HoT
Technical information
Facility ID19615
ClassB
ERP6,700 watts
HAAT408 meters (1,339 ft)
Transmitter coordinates40°44′54.00″N 73°59′10.00″W
Links
WebcastListen live
Websitehot97.com

WQHT's studios are located in the Hudson Square neighborhood of lower Manhattan, and its transmitter is located at the Empire State Building.

History

WQHT began as an experimental station, W2XWG, licensed to the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and located at the Empire State Building in New York City. W2XWG started operations in April 1939, initially as an "Apex" station, used for determining the coverage area of transmitting frequencies higher than those used by the standard AM broadcast band.[1] These tests also compared amplitude modulation (AM) transmissions with the then-new technology of wide-band frequency modulation (FM). On January 11, 1940 W2XWG began regular FM broadcasts,[2] and that July it was reported that the station was broadcasting on 42.6 MHz from 3 to 11 p.m. on Mondays through Fridays.[3]

In May 1940 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced the establishment, effective January 1, 1941, of a commercial FM band operating on 40 channels spanning 42–50 MHz.[4] The first fifteen commercial FM station construction permits were issued on October 31, 1940, including one to NBC for 45.1 MHz in New York City,[5] which was issued the call sign W51NY.[6] However, NBC reported that equipment shortages resulting from the outbreak of World War II meant it was unable to get delivery of W51NY's high powered transmitter,[1] and on June 10, 1942 the Construction Permit for commercial operation was canceled, and the W51NY call sign deleted.[7] Meanwhile the station continued broadcasts under its W2XWG experimental authorization, using its original, lower powered, transmitter, now on 45.1 MHz.

Effective November 1, 1943, the FCC modified its policy for FM station call letters.[8] Thus, when the Construction Permit for commercial operation was reactivated, it was assigned the call letters WEAF-FM. The station's last broadcast as W2XWG took place on September 23, 1944,[9] with its debut as WEAF-FM coming the next day, now with seven-day-a-week programming from 3-11 p.m. that was an expansion over W2XWG's schedule of only operating Saturday through Wednesday.[10]

The FCC later reassigned the original FM band frequencies to other services, and ordered existing stations to move to a new band from 88–106 MHz, which was later expanded to 88–108 MHz. During a transition period from the original FM "low band" to the new "high band" some stations for a time broadcast simultaneously on both their old and new frequencies. However WEAF-FM did not, and in October 1945 it was announced that the station was shutting down the broadcasts on 45.1 MHz and was temporarily going silent while it made the technical adjustments needed to operate on its new assignment at 97.3 MHz.[11]

WNBC-FM / WRCA-FM / WNWS-FM (1946–1977)

In late 1946, the station's call letters were changed from WEAF-FM to WNBC-FM.[12] Programming was usually simulcasts of WNBC (AM)'s programming. A reallocation in the fall of 1947 moved the station to its current frequency assignment of 97.1 MHz.[13] In the 1950s WNBC-FM played classical music, later switching to pop music. It ran network programming for some time, such as the NBC Monitor weekend series. On October 18, 1954 the call letters were changed to WRCA-FM,[14] reflecting NBC's then-parent company, the Radio Corporation of America, but returned to WNBC-FM on May 22, 1960.[15]

By the 1970s, the station was playing a pop-rock format. Beginning on June 4, 1973, it experimented with fully automated programming with local inserts known as "The Rock Pile", a forerunner of today's DJ-free adult hits format, with a wide diversity of pop, rock and R&B that proved to be 30 years ahead of its time. However, technical glitches were frequent and listenership dropped. For a brief period starting in late 1974, the station attempted a fully automated beautiful music format for a younger demographic, called "The Love of New York".

In 1975 NBC Radio launched the "NBC News and Information Service" (NNIS), a network service providing up to 50 minutes an hour of news programming to local stations that wanted to adopt an all-news format without the high cost of producing large quantities of local news content. WNBC-FM's small audience was deemed expendable to allow NNIS to have a New York outlet, and on June 18, 1975 the station became WNWS-FM, branding itself "NewsCenter 97", an allusion to WNBC-TV's "NewsCenter 4" local newscasts. Ratings were low — at the network's peak, only 57 stations across the country carried NNIS, most of them already NBC Radio News affiliates — and the service did not attract enough stations to allow NBC to project that it could ever become profitable.

On January 1, 1977, NBC shut down the NNIS network. This was the final story on "NewsCenter 97", as reported by Wayne Howell Chappelle, known professionally as Wayne Howell. The station then went to a commercial break and, after airing the hourly legal ID at midnight, switched to an adult contemporary format with a rock lean, under the moniker "Y-97". The first song played under the new format was "Tonight's the Night" by Rod Stewart.

WYNY (1977–1988)

Shortly after adopting the new music format the station call letters were changed to WYNY. The station was now primarily competing against WKTU (now WNYL). Ratings were fair at best and by the end of 1978, after toying briefly with an all-Beatles format, WYNY evolved to a MOR format featuring Frank Sinatra, The Carpenters, Elvis Presley, Barry Manilow, Tony Bennett, Neil Diamond, Elton John, Carly Simon, and Billy Joel among others. They were an easy listening station without all the elevator music heard on WRFM or WPAT-AM-FM. Ratings went up gradually.

By 1980, WYNY moved away from Frank Sinatra and the Lettermen though they continued running "Saturday with Sinatra" hosted by Sid Mark. Musically, they added Motown songs, the Beatles, the Beach Boys, Fleetwood Mac, the Eagles, the Doobie Brothers, Donna Summer, and soft hits by hard rockers. By 1981, the station format was that of pop hits from 1964 to what was then current music, with an occasional pre-64 rock & roll song. Ratings went up from 1981 through 1983. By 1982, WYNY trimmed the '60s music slightly. Some of the air personalities included Dan Daniel, Bill St. James, Bruce Bradley, Randy Davis, Carol Mason, Mike McCann, Floyd Wright, Steve O'Brien, Bill Rock, Margaret Jones, Paulie, and Ed Baer. On Sunday evenings, the station aired a pioneering advice show, "Sexually Speaking", which made host Dr. Ruth Westheimer a national celebrity. The station was also a pioneer of contemporary Christian music in the city, airing the weekly show Masterpeace, hosted by Steven Joseph. Sid Mark continued hosting "Saturday with Sinatra". On weekend evenings call-in talk shows, such as "Mouth Versus Ear" with Dick Summers, was an alternative to other stations mundane public service shows.

In 1983, WHTZ and WPLJ both adopted a contemporary hit radio (CHR) format, attracting younger listeners. WYNY continued with its AC format. Then in January 1984, WLTW signed on, taking away older listeners. WYNY's ratings plummeted, and in 1986, the station was revamped with the music staying "Hot AC" but marketed as a "Z-100 for Yuppies". The station had new jingles and imaging, and became known as "The NEW 97.1 WYNY". The format, however, was that of the same pop hits from 1964 to the then-present. The station continued to rate low. Station owner NBC had problems with sister station WNBC as well.

In April 1987, country music station WHN announced plans to go to sports full-time on July 1, becoming all-sports WFAN. In response, WYNY announced it would change to country music on the same day. This format change was announced to the press in advance, but not over the air except on Saturday With Sinatra. At 12:01 a.m. July 1, WYNY ended its AC format with "Hello, Goodbye" by The Beatles and went country, playing "Think About Love" by Dolly Parton. The airstaff all remained, though some gradually left later in the year. Dan Daniel (who had left WYNY in the mid-1980s and returned), Randy Davis, Carol Mason, Lisa Taylor, Floyd Wright, and others survived the format change and remained with WYNY's country unit even after it left 97.1 FM and moved to 103.5, where it remained until its 1996 demise.

WQHT (1988–present)
Further information on the history of this station prior to its move to the 97.1 frequency: WKTU § WQHT (1986–1988)

In 1988 NBC began to sell its roster of radio stations, and Emmis Communications made arrangements to buy its two New York City stations, WYNY and WNBC (AM).[16] However, at this time FCC regulations limited owners to just one AM and one FM station per market, and Emmis already owned stations WQHT, then on 103.5 FM, and WFAN on 1050 AM. Because the NBC stations had better coverage, Emmis decided to move the call letters and formats from its current stations to its new ones, then divest the two original stations.

Emmis sold the 103.5 FM license for the original WQHT to Westwood One, as well as the intellectual property for WYNY, which resulted in the WYNY call letters and country format transferring from 97.1 to 103.5 FM. Conversely, Emmis transferred the WQHT call sign and rhythmic contemporary format from 103.5 to the former WYNY at 97.1 FM, becoming "Hot 97" at 5:30 p.m. September 22, 1988. The last song played on "Hot 103" was Debbie Gibson's "Stayin' Together", and after the format and call sign transfer to its new home the first song played on "Hot 97" was M.A.R.R.S.' "Pump Up the Volume". After the transition to Hot 97, Stephanie Miller and Howard Hoffman were brought in to do the morning show, J. Paul Emerson stayed on as newsman, with Daniel Ivankovich ("Reverend Doctor D") and brought in as producer.

WQHT started to lean towards top 40 by 1989 due to decreasing ratings. By 1990, the station started playing more house, freestyle, and rhythm and blues music and launched the Saturday Night House Party show.[17]:320, 334 WQHT broadcast live from area night clubs such as The Tunnel, Roseland and Metrohouse from 2 am until 4 am Saturday into Sunday morning.

In 1991, Anything Goes with Clivilles & Cole debuted, where record producers Robert Clivilles and David Cole of C&C Music Factory mixed new house and dance music on Saturday nights.

From dance to hip-hop and R&B

Towards the end of 1992 and early 1993, Hot 97 dropped to "dead last among New York's three pop stations."[17]:336 In response, Emmis named Judy Ellis its General Manager (a position in which she served until 2003) and WQHT started to add more R&B and hip-hop product. The station started a gradual two-year change towards an Urban-oriented rhythmic top 40 format.[17]:320, 334–336

A new generation of hot jocks began appearing on Hot 97. Dan Charnas recounted the perception of this move: "The trades ran stories on the new trend, typified by the Emmis stations, Hot 97 and Power 106: hiring street kids or entertainers with little or no radio experience at the expense of longtime professionals who had paid their dues."[17]:347 Among the most famous was the addition of a new morning show hosted by Ed Lover and Doctor Dré of Yo! MTV Raps. With rising ratings and a focus on East Coast artists like the Wu-Tang Clan, Charnas credited Hot 97 as leading a comeback for East Coast hip hop.[17]:347–348

In 1993, Funkmaster Flex joined Hot 97 and was host of the Friday Night Street Jam and weekly two-hour show where he mixed hip-hop live from the studio.

Other noteworthy personalities included the addition of Wendy Williams to afternoon drive (Williams used to be the overnight jock back on Hot 103 in 1988). Angie Martinez, a researcher on "New York Hot Tracks" in the late 1980s and who previously worked in the promotions department, was promoted to nights. A few years later, the two had a public falling out, resulting in Williams being fired from WQHT and Martinez assuming afternoon drive, where she remained until she was hired by WWPR-FM on June 19, 2014.

In 1995, Hot 97 again became New York's top station in the Arbitron ratings. While the station reported as a rhythmic CHR, the station was musically more of an urban contemporary format leaning toward hip hop though in some trades they reported as a rhythmic CHR.

In May 2007, R&R and BDS moved WQHT back to the Rhythmic Airplay panel after a long tenure as an urban reporter; however the station was always a rhythmic reporter per Mediabase.

In the fall of 2008, WQHT served as the home of the nationally syndicated Big Boy's Neighborhood, produced by ABC Radio and based at WQHT's sister station, KPWR Power 106 in Los Angeles. However, by July 2009, WQHT dropped the program and instead expanded their local morning show hosted by new morning jocks DJ Cipha Sounds and Peter Rosenberg.

By 2010, Hot 97 switched to urban contemporary, ending the longtime rhythmic top 40 format at the station.

Sale to Standard General

On July 1, 2019, Emmis Communications announced that it would sell WQHT and sister station WBLS to the public company Mediaco Holding—an affiliate of Standard General—for $91.5 million and a $5 million promissory note. In addition, Emmis will take a 23.72% stake in the new company's common equity, and continue to manage the stations under shared services agreements. The sale was completed November 27, 2019.[18][19]

HD radio operations

On September 9, 2008, Emmis announced a programming partnership with WorldBand Media and to use WQHT's HD-3 signal to produce programming for the South Asian communities in three major cities including New York City.[20] In June 2009, the service was removed from WQHT and placed on sister station WRKS's HD2.

In January 2012, Emmis added WRXP, which was formerly on WFAN-FM and streaming online, to their HD-2 sub-channel. With this move, the station no longer streamed online. In 2014, WQHT-HD2 began airing HumDesi Radio, a South Asian-focusing radio network.

Controversies

2004 Indonesia tsunami parody

On January 17, 2005, Miss Jones provoked a controversy by airing a song entitled "USA for Indonesia" a month after approximately 167,000 people in Indonesia and 227,000 people worldwide were left dead or missing from the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami which affected the Asia-Pacific and Somalia. The song, a parody sung to the 1985 tune "We Are the World", was criticized for overtly racist mocking of the Asian victims; the song lyrics contain the racially derogatory word "Chinamen," and calls the drowning victims "bitches." Some of the lyrics included the words "Go find your mommy. I just saw her float by, a tree went through her head. And now your children will be sold into child slavery."[21]

Miss Info, a fellow on-air colleague of Korean descent, was outraged and spoke against the song on the station. She excluded herself from producing the song and said it was wrong for it to be played.[22] Miss Info was insulted by other DJs on the air.[23] Another jock on the show, Todd Lynn, muttered "I'm gonna start shooting Asians."[24] Following angry protests from the public, Miss Jones, DJ Envy, and Tasha Hightower were suspended for two weeks while Todd Lynn and songwriter Rick Del Gado were fired.[25][26] The station issued an apology on its website. Newsday, Sprint, McDonald's and Toyota all pulled their advertising from the station.[27] The suspended employees' pay was diverted to charities helping victims of the tsunami.

Fights and shootings

On February 25, 2001, a shootout erupted between Lil' Kim and the entourages of Kim and rival rapper Foxy Brown in front of the offices of Hot 97 on Hudson Street, with an injury to one of Lil' Kim's bodyguards.[28] It led to an investigation by the FBI and a trial which found Lil Kim guilty of perjury and sentenced to a year in prison for it in mid-2005. In February 2005, gunfire erupted in front of the same place between 50 Cent's entourage and the Game's entourage. The Game was quickly met by 50 Cent's crew after being notified he was at the front entrance of the building. A friend of 50 Cent pulled a gun out and shot at The Game and his entourage. A bullet hit a member of the Game's entourage in the leg.[29] Both incidents also led to the nickname "Shot 97" by Wendy Williams.[30]

Concerts

Since its inception, WQHT has held "The Hot 97 Summer Jam" every June. The concert series, originally featuring Dance artists until its shift to Hip-Hop acts, has always run into controversy.

Wu Tang Clan member Inspectah Deck stated that the group faced a 10-year blacklist by Hot 97 after a fiasco involving their booking at the concert. In June 1997, the group was on tour with Rage Against the Machine in Europe in support of the Wu-Tang Forever album, but was also booked to perform at the Summer Jam. Deck stated that the station strong-armed the group in to flying back to the United States at their own cost to perform at the show for free, lest their relationship with the station be in jeopardy. As Hot 97 was one of the major stations that gave the group exposure during their early years, they felt it best to perform at the Summer Jam, not wanting to lose a major ally. Wu Tang member Ghostface Killah was so infuriated by this, that he shouted "Fuck Hot 97!" during the set, and got the crowd to repeatedly chant it. This led to what Deck says was a 10-year blacklist of Wu Tang from Hot 97, and even other New York radio stations, which affected their commercial reputation and music sales. The two sides would later make amends, and Wu Tang Clan performed a set at the 2013 Summer Jam.[31]

Other notable controversies include a 2001 show in which Jay Z put embarrassing childhood photos of Mobb Deep’s Prodigy “up on that Summer Jam screen”. The 2002 concernt saw a bailout from headliner Nas after the station objected to him hanging an effigy of Jay Z from the stage during the height of their rivalry. Later beefs involving 50 Cent and Ja Rule, Eminem’s feud with The Source, a 2006 show that had Busta Rhymes parading a series of rap legends onstage, and then-Hot 97 airstaffer Miss Jones dissing Mary J. Blige on air after the singer did not mention her name when she sent shout-outs to the Hot 97 DJs. The 2007 show saw Kanye West and Swizz Beatz engaging in a beat battle. The 2009 show saw Jay Z rapping “D.O.A. (Death of Autotune)” next to T-Pain (criticizing his use of the aforementioned technique on his songs).

The 2012 event made headlines when moments before Nicki Minaj was about to take to the stage, morning host Peter Rosenberg made a negative comment about her song "Starships", saying to the fans, "I see the real hip-hop heads sprinkled in here. I see them. I know there are some chicks here waiting to sing 'Starships' later—I'm not talking to y'all right now." That comment and the alleged sexual relationship between the self-proclaimed "Queen of rap" and the host Ebro Darden would prompt Lil Wayne to pull Minaj and the rest of the acts signed to Cash Money Records out of the event. Minaj later spoke to Funkmaster Flex about the incident. After that, she appeared on Rosenberg's show, with the host apologizing to her on air. She performed two songs with 2 Chainz at the following year's Summer Jam.[32][33][34]

The 2014 event that took place on June 2 would be blasted in a comment five days later (on June 6) by Chuck D of Public Enemy, who accused the station of allowing artists who were performing there to use racial slurs and offensive language, calling it a "Sloppy Fiasco," adding that "If there was a festival and it was filled with anti-Semitic slurs... or racial slurs at anyone but black people, what do you think would happen? Why does there have to be such a double standard?" He also cites the lack of WQHT not allowing more up-and-coming artists to perform on stage.[35] This was later addressed by Ebro Darden and Rosenberg on their morning show, responding to remarks that include the charge that Hot 97 is a “CORPlantation,” but Darden, who admits that he agrees with Chuck D on addressing the issues, later pointed out by responding that “I think there’s validity to what he’s saying as to, ‘I guess Hot 97 could be more local,” and added “But people that listen to us when we research the songs don’t vote those songs high enough to stay around. I have this debate and I put the onus back on the public to participate.”[36]

On June 7, 2015, more than 61 people were arrested and 10 New Jersey State Police troopers were injured after a fight over tickets and crowd capacity overshadows the 2015 Summer Jam event that was held at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The sold-out event also caused confusion among the ticket goers who were denied entry, which added to the rioted melee.[37] The following day (June 8), WQHT addressed the issue on its morning show and plans to refund the customers who could not get into the event, while the American Civil Liberties Union's New Jersey chapter called for the state Attorney General's office to investigate if any violations were reported.[38] In the same year, Travis Scott blasted Hot 97 for not allowing him to use a screen at Summer Jam, and later incited a riot.

Although the Festival Village portion was cancelled due to weather for the 2016 event, Hot 97 confirmed their annual Summer Jam will continue "rain or shine".[39]

The event and its influence, despite losing credibility, constant rivalry between artists and with the station itself, and declining audiences, continues to be a legacy for WQHT. As Funkmaster Flex puts it: “I think a radio station such as Hot 97 has a way of keeping to the pulse...And I think why it has survived so long is you know the radio station knows what artists are on the cusp or on the come up, and they always know the legends that people wanna see.”[40]

On-air

On December 13, 2018, rapper Kodak Black walked out of the Ebro in the Morning show after host, Ebro Darden questioned Black about his ongoing sexual assault case.[41]

Notable staff

Current

Former

Films and television

Music
  • In Puff Daddy's song "All About The Benjamins", he says, "...Ain't nobody's hero, but I wanna be heard on your Hot 9-7 everyday, that's my word..."
  • In Jay-Z's song "Death of Auto-tune (D.O.A)" he mentions the radio station, saying "This is for Hot 9-7" and mentions the station's former disc jockey, DJ Clue? as well as two long-time DJs in the line, "I made this just for Flex 'n Mr. Cee."
  • In Black Star's song "What's Beef", Mos Def says: "Beef ain't the summer Jam on Hot Ninety-Seven".
  • In Big Pun's song with Inspectah Deck and Prodigy "Tres Leches (Triboro Trilogy)", Big Pun says: "Take all you made, call you gay on Hot 97".
  • In Public Enemy's song "Shake Your Booty" Flavor Flav says "we gonna flip it off the moon Back to New York, and flip it down Broadway Ya kno what I'm sayin? All the way down to Hot 97"

Video games
  • In Grand Theft Auto IV there is a radio station called "Beat 102.7" which parodies Hot 97 and has its real life hosts DJ Mister Cee and Funkmaster Flex.
gollark: And arguably the main purpose of "wcbonalds" (seriously, could you pick a less derivative name?) is to serve food.
gollark: I mean, surely it should be considered "fully complete" if it's serving the purpose it was designed for, has the issues worked out, and whatnot.
gollark: The one installed in my base.
gollark: Oh, right. It's a web-ish version of my random music player thing.
gollark: Apart from being totally lacking in styling, having issues if the network latency is too high, and working badly if there's not enough available metadata.

See also
  • Media of New York City

References
  1. "NBC New York FM Station to go to 10,000 Watts" by O. B. Hanson, Radio-Craft, March 1942, pages 402-403.
  2. "NBC's 25 Years: 1940. Broadcasting, July 2, 1951, page 79.
  3. Notice, Broadcasting, July 15, 1940, page 58.
  4. "FCC Order No. 67", Federal Register, May 25, 1940, page 2011.
  5. "New FM Call Letters Proposed", Broadcasting, November 15, 1940, page 77.
  6. The initial call sign policy for commercial FM stations included an initial "W" for stations located east of the Mississippi River, followed by the last two digits of a station's frequency assignment, "51" in this case, and closing with a one or two character city identifier, which for New York City area stations was "NY".
  7. History Cards for WQHT (FCC.gov)
  8. "Standard Broadcast Station Call Letters for All Outlets Starting Nov. 1, FCC Rule", The Billboard, September 4, 1943, page 7.
  9. "Actions of the Federal Communications Commission: Decisions: October 23", Broadcasting, October 30, 1944, page 68.
  10. "WEAF-FM Airs Net On 7-Day Schedule", Broadcasting, October 2, 1944, page 60.
  11. "Nets Take FM Off Air For Transition", Broadcasting, October 29, 1945, page 98.
  12. "WEAF, Key NBC Outlet Changes Call to WNBC", NBC Transmitter, October 1946, page 5.
  13. "New Frequency Assignments for FM Stations in the United States", Broadcasting, June 23, 1947, page 38.
  14. "RCA Replaces NBC in O&O Calls", Broadcasting, October 4, 1954, page 78.
  15. "A lesson in memory", Broadcasting, May 16, 1960, page 114.
  16. "NBC Agrees to Sell Five Radio Stations to Emmis Broadcasting", February 19, 1988. (AP.com)
  17. Charnas, Dan (2010). The Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop. New York: New American Library. ISBN 9780451229298.
  18. "Emmis Forms New Mediaco Holding Company With Standard General, To Transfer WBLS And WQHT (Hot 97)/New York To New Entity". All Access. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  19. Jacobson, Adam (November 27, 2019). "Emmis' Mediaco Move Complete, As Are Cumulus Spins". Radio & Television Business Report. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
  20. "Emmis and WorldBand Media Partner to Launch First-of-Its-Kind Digital Radio Network" (Press release). PR Newswire. September 9, 2008. Retrieved September 11, 2008. Top 3 U.S. markets to offer programming in HD for the South Asian ethnic community
  21. Reid, Shaheem (January 26, 2005). "Hip-Hop Station Blasted For Song Mocking Tsunami Victims". MTV News. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  22. Hinckley, David (January 26, 2005), "Hot 97 is weathering "Tsunami Song" storm", New York Daily News, archived from the original on December 30, 2005, retrieved June 28, 2009
  23. "Stop the Song". AsianWeek. February 4, 2005. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  24. Virasami, Bryan (January 25, 2005). "Call for federal fines, more apologies after station airs 'We Are the World' parody offensive to Asians". Newsday. Archived from the original on February 8, 2008. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  25. Ogunnaike, Lola (February 3, 2005). "Tsunami Jokers Fired". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  26. Hinckley, David (February 2, 2005). ""Tsunami Song" Fallout". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on December 20, 2005. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  27. Guzman, Rafer (February 11, 2005). "Newsday pulls ads from Hot 97 show". Newsday. Archived from the original on December 14, 2005. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  28. D'Angelo, Joe (February 27, 2001). "Lil' Kim Present At Hot 97 Shootout, Police Say". MTV News. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  29. Reid, Shaheem (February 28, 2005). "50 Drops Game From G-Unit; Shots Fired At Radio Station". MTV News. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  30. R&B group Total tried to Jump Wendy Williams at hot 97!
  31. "Wu-Tang's radio play took a hit after they cursed out the station". Genius. Retrieved December 14, 2019.
  32. "Summer Jams & Hip-Hop Battles" by Dana Hall (From Radio-Info, June 6, 2012)
  33. Jen Carlson, “Hot97’s DJ Peter Rosenberg: Nicki Minaj ‘Is Inherently Hip Hop… It’s Just That Starships Is Not’,” Archived January 10, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Gothamist, June 7, 2012.
  34. Latifah Muhammad, “Nicki Minaj Makes Peace With Hot 97 DJ Peter Rosenberg,” BET, May 28, 2013.
  35. "Chuck D on Hot 97's 'Sloppy Fiasco' Summer Jam: 'Goal is to Change Urban Radio'" from Billboard (June 6, 2014)
  36. "Hot 97 Co-Hosts Respond to Chuck D’s Harsh Criticism of Summer Jam" from Billboard (June 7, 2014)
  37. "Summer Jam Chaos Prompts Several Arrests Outside N.J. Concert" from Billboard (June 8, 2015)
  38. "Hot 97 Summer Jam Fallout: 61 Arrested, 10 Troopers Injured" from Billboard (June 8, 2015)
  39. Kim, Michelle (June 5, 2016). "Festival Village portion cancelled, but main performances are still on". The Fader. Retrieved June 5, 2016.
  40. "Does Hot 97’s Summer Jam Still Matter?" from Spin (June 8, 2017)
  41. "Kodak Black Walks Out of Hot 97 Interview After His Rape Case Was Brought Up". Complex. Retrieved December 28, 2018.

Sources
Preceded by
WYNY		 FM 97.1 in New York, New York
September 22, 1988 – present		 Incumbent
Preceded by
WQHT		 FM 103.5 in New York, New York
August 13, 1986 – September 22, 1988		 Succeeded by
WYNY
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