Tiruppattur, Tirupattur district

Tirupattur (Tamil: [திருப்பத்தூர்]) is a town and also the headquarter of Tirupattur district, India, one of the oldest places in Tamil Nadu. It is known for its reservoir of fine sandal wood in the trailing mountains around it. It is located about 89 km from Vellore, 85 km from Hosur and Thiruvannamalai, 210 km from Chennai, and 125 km from Bangalore.

"Tirupattur" redirects here. For other uses, see Tirupattur (disambiguation).

Tirupattur
Town
Tirupattur
A view from Yelagiri
Nickname(s):  Sandal City
Tirupattur Location in Tamil Nadu, India
Coordinates: 12.50°N 78.60°E / 12.50; 78.60
Country	India
State	Tamil Nadu
District	Tirupattur
Government
• Type	Municipal
• Body	Tirupattur Municipality
Elevation	387 m (1,270 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	64,125
Languages
• Official	Tamil
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	635601, 635602
Telephone code	04179
Vehicle registration	TN-83
Nearest city	Vellore (88 km), Bangalore (125 km) & Chennai (235 km)
Sex ratio	993 ♂/♀
Lok Sabha constituency	Thiruvannamalai
Legislative Assembly constituency	Tirupattur

Overview

The name Tirupattur means a group of ten villages/small towns. There exists a village called Aathiyur (Aathi means Begin) in the southern fringes of the Town and Kodiyur (Kodi means End) in the northern fringes of the town. It is surrounded by several of these villages, making Tirupattur a Taluk. It has Old Shiva, Vishnu temples and Tanks (Big Tank & Small Tank) built during the Hoysala Dynasty. It is well connected by road and rail to other important cities of Tamil Nadu such as Vellore, Chennai, Salem, Coimbatore and Thiruvannamalai and to Bangalore in Karnataka. This town is also famous in Islamic religious circles as many great saints "Awliyas" had made it their home town. Some of them are buried at various places in the town, As of 2011, the town had a population of 64,125.

Tirupattur has been a Revenue Sub Division since the British Raj, earlier as a part of Salem District and then as a part of Vellore District. Tirupattur, Natrampalli, Vaniyambadi and Ambur taluks form the Tirupattur Sub Division. India's first lady IAS officer Anna Rajam Malhotra, independent India's first foreign Secretary KPS Menon, present Secretary to the PM Modi Dr.T.V Somanathan were all Sub Collectors of Tirupattur.

Tirupattur Municipality was constituted as a third grade municipality in the year 1886. As per G.O. No. 194, date: 10.02.1970, classified as Second Grade Municipality. At present from 1.4.1977 onward as per G.O. No. 654, classified as first grade municipality.

Tirupattur's population and land area are good enough to have political representations in the state legislature of Tamil Nadu (Member of the Legislative Assembly), and part of Thiruvannamalai constituency for the central/federal legislature of India (Member of Parliament as of 2009 elections).

History

Tirupattur's date of establishment is unknown.[1]

From the inscriptions so far surveyed by Archaeological Survey of India in Tirupattur, it is estimated that this town is more than 1600 years old. During the regimes of various rulers like Cholas, VijayaNagara Dynasty, Hoysalas the town had been referred to, by the following names: Sri Mathava Chaturvedi Mangalam,Veera Narayana Chaturvedi Mangalam, Tiruperur and Brahmapuram (Brahmeeswaram). The present name "Tirupattur" might have got derived from "Tiruperur". Erstwhile "Tiruperur" or "Sri Madhava Chaturvedi Mangalam" was in "Eyyil Nadu", subdivision of "Nigarili Chola Mandalam", division of "Chola Empire". There existed a fort in the eastern part of the town around 800 years ago. Its entrance might have been near the Kottai Darwaja Sri Veera Anjaneyar Temple, since the word "Kottai" in Tamil means "Fort", and the word "Darwaja" in Hindi/Urdu means "Gate" or "Door". The area is still known as "Kottai"(fort).This town is also famous in Islamic religious circles as many great saints "Awliyas" had made it their home town. Some of them are buried at various places in the town, including Hazrath Syed Sha Mohammed alias Syed Khawja Meeran Hussaini Jaffari, Hazrath Syed Sha Ameenuddin Hussaini Chisty ur Kahdri (who is better known as Munshi Hazrath);Munshi Hazrath's son Janab Syed Sha Nayeem Hussaini Chisty ul Khadri (better known in and around the town as Nayeem Hazrath) he was the last among a series of saints who have lived and have been buried at Tirupattur

As of 15 August 2019, the trifurcation of Vellore district resulted in formation of Tirupattur as a new district with Tirupattur town as its Headquarter.[2]

Tourism

Yelagiri or Elagiri is a small hill station between the towns of Vaniyambadi and Jolarpettai (Tamil Nadu, India), dating back to British colonial days.

"The Whole of Yelagiri was once the private property of the Yelagiri Zamindar Family. It was taken over by the government of India during the Early 1950s. The house of the Yelagiri Zamindars still exists in Reddiyur."[3]

Fr. Francis Guezou of Don Bosco, worked for the uplift of hill tribals. He has been the main reason for the educational upliftment to the people of Yelagiri.

At a distance 37 km from Yelagiri, 37 from Athanavur and 13 km from Thirupattur, magnificent Jalagamparai Waterfalls near Jadayanur is created by the River Attaaru running through the valleys of Yelagiri Hills. It is one of the best places to visit in Yelagiri Hills.

Jalagamparai waterfalls is flowing down from a height of 15 meters. Bathing in this waterfall is said to cure diseases because it passes through various herbal plants in the hills. The falls has a trek route and also a motorable road. The falls can be reached after 1.5-hour trek of 6 km from Nilavoor (6 km from Yelagiri Punganoor Lake). It is little tough trek, but the view of the valley from the falls is truly amazing. Local guides are available to guide the trek to the falls.

The motorable road passes through Thirupattur (13.4 km away) which needs 5–10 minutes walk. The isolated location of the waterfalls attracts people in large groups for picnicking. The flow of water in the Jalagamparai Waterfalls has considerably been reduced as compared to recent past years. Adjacent to the Jalagamparai falls, there is a Murugan temple within a building constructed in the shape of a Lingam.

Jalagamparai Waterfalls is at its best from November to February when it is gushing with water but the waterfall is dry in summer.

Geography

It is known as the "Sandalwood Town" due to the abundant availability of sandalwood trees in the surrounding hills.It is very close to the 4th major hill station of Tamil Nadu, the Yelagiri hills, which is also known as the common man's Ooty. The town is at an average elevation of 388m. The Javadhu Hills,a part of the eastern ghats lie another to the east of Tirupattur . The major group of soils that are found in the town are black and red varieties. The red soil constitutes 90 percent while black soil only 10 percent.

Tirupattur town has 56.059 km length of roads and the municipality is maintaining 'B' Grade Bus stand in the heart of the town. There is a century old municipal market having 413 shops which helps in promoting commercial and economic activities of the town.

Climate

Tirupattur is known for recording coldest temperature in the Tamil Nadu plains during winter. The seasonal climate conditions are moderate and the weather is uniformly salubrious. The town experiences hot summers and cool winters. The town gets its majority of rainfall during the south west monsoon period. September and October are the wettest months with around 400 mm of rain being received in these two months. The town also experiences fairly frequent thunderstorms in late April and May, which gives necessary relief from the heat, along with the dip in night temperatures. The warmest nights are in May, when the town has an average minimum temperature of 23.4 °C. The coldest nights are in January, when the average minimum temperatures drop to 16.1 °C. May is the hottest month with an average maximum of 37.0 °C. The highest ever temperature recorded in the town is 46.3 °C on 7 May 1976. The lowest ever recorded temperature is 10.2 °C on 15 December 1974. The highest 24‑hour precipitation is 167.3 mm received on 4 November 1966. The average annual rainfall being received in the town is 982 mm.

Tiruppattur's climate is classified as tropical. In winter, there is much less rainfall than in summer. This climate is considered to be Aw according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification.

Climate data for Tiruppattur, Tirupathur district (1981–2010, extremes 1958–2012)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	35.6 (96.1)	39.4 (102.9)	41.2 (106.2)	45.8 (114.4)	46.3 (115.3)	41.8 (107.2)	39.6 (103.3)	39.3 (102.7)	40.0 (104.0)	37.1 (98.8)	36.3 (97.3)	35.0 (95.0)	46.3 (115.3)
Average high °C (°F)	30.6 (87.1)	33.6 (92.5)	36.5 (97.7)	37.7 (99.9)	37.7 (99.9)	35.2 (95.4)	34.1 (93.4)	33.2 (91.8)	32.9 (91.2)	31.5 (88.7)	29.7 (85.5)	29.1 (84.4)	33.5 (92.3)
Average low °C (°F)	17.5 (63.5)	18.7 (65.7)	21.2 (70.2)	24.1 (75.4)	25.1 (77.2)	24.5 (76.1)	24.0 (75.2)	23.5 (74.3)	23.0 (73.4)	22.1 (71.8)	20.4 (68.7)	18.4 (65.1)	21.9 (71.4)
Record low °C (°F)	10.3 (50.5)	10.5 (50.9)	12.8 (55.0)	16.6 (61.9)	18.3 (64.9)	19.1 (66.4)	18.4 (65.1)	17.0 (62.6)	14.6 (58.3)	15.5 (59.9)	12.0 (53.6)	10.2 (50.4)	10.2 (50.4)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	2.4 (0.09)	1.8 (0.07)	13.8 (0.54)	41.7 (1.64)	77.5 (3.05)	64.6 (2.54)	93.2 (3.67)	132.3 (5.21)	185.3 (7.30)	152.2 (5.99)	78.7 (3.10)	33.8 (1.33)	877.3 (34.54)
Average rainy days	0.3	0.2	1.0	3.0	5.8	3.8	4.8	6.4	8.8	8.9	5.3	2.5	50.8
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST)	60	53	48	53	57	59	61	65	67	74	73	66	62
Source: India Meteorological Department[4][5]

Demographics

Religious census
Religion			Percent(%)
Hindu			81.93%
Muslim			16.39%
Christian			1.52%
Sikh			0.01%
Buddhist			0.01%
Jain			0.47%
Other			0.26%
No religion			0.0%

According to 2011 census, Tirupattur had a population of 19,487 with a sex-ratio of 1,010 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[6] A total of 7,255 were under the age of six, constituting 3,717 males and 3,538 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 18.33% and 0.43% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 76.22%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[6] The town had a total of 14,084 households. There were a total of 22,895 workers, comprising 240 cultivators, 161 main agricultural labourers, 1,145 in house hold industries, 18,782 other workers, 2,567 marginal workers, 38 marginal cultivators, 27 marginal agricultural labourers, 246 marginal workers in household industries and 2,256 other marginal workers.[7] As per the religious census of 2011, Tirupattur (M) had 81.93% Hindus, 16.39% Muslims, 1.52% Christians, 0.03% Sikhs, 0.02% Buddhists, 0.11% Jains, 0.00% following other religions and 0.01% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference.[8] Ambur and Vaniyambadi are the highest Muslim living areas of Tamil Nadu and Tirupattur is the highest number of Muslim living district of Tamil Nadu.

Main sights

Yelagiri is a hill station on the Vaniyambadi-Tirupattur Road, midway between Chennai and Bangalore. Located at an altitude of 1,050 metres (3,500 ft) and spread across 30 km², the Yelagiri village (also spelt Elagiri at times) is surrounded by orchards, rose-gardens, and green valleys. Vainu Bappu Observatory, Sri sunadara veera Anjaneyar temple(SWAYAMBU-850years) situated in hot of the city <1 km from bus stand and tirupattur railway station, Sri vetkaaliamman temple (142 feet height) (13 km) Kandhili, Bheeman Falls (38 km from Tirupattur) and Jalagamparai Falls (14 km from Tirupattur) are other prominent tourist destinations around the town. Jalagamparai waterfalls is found on the eastern slope of the Yelagiri hills. The Javadi Hills are located about 35 km from Tirupattur. In the middle of this hill, lies the Kavalur Observatory, which has several optical and reflective telescopes run and governed by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.

Transport

The Tamil Nadu state Bus transport corporation (TNSTC) is providing 85% of transport facilities to this town. Tirupattur is well connected by road and rail to major cities of India. Regarding transportation linkage, the highway (NH 46) from Chennai to Krishnagiri (via) Natrampalli passes through the outskirts of the town. The town is separated by a distance with Chennai (225 km), Bangalore (130 km), Vellore (87 km) and Salem (108 km). Several State Highways connects the town from Dharmapuri (60 km), Krishnagiri (40 km) Vaniyambadi (22 km), Harur (47 km) and Salem (108 km) section. Frequent buses are there to Chennai, Vellore, Harur, Salem, Bangalore, and Villupuram.

Tirupattur Railway Station is under the administrative control of the Southern Railways. It is 2 km from the bus stand. Traveling north, Jolarpettai Junction (8 km) is the nearest junction, and going south-west, Morappur is the next station. Due to proximity to the Jolarpettai Railway Junction only few express trains halt here.

The nearest airports are at Salem (105 km) and Vellore Air Strip (85 km), while the nearest international airports are at Bengaluru (135 km) and Chennai (225 km).

Politics and municipal administration

Tirupattur is represented in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by Nallathambi A as of 2016.[9] Tirupattur is part of Tiruvannamalai (Lok Sabha constituency). The present MP (elected in 2019) of the Tiruvannamalai Lok Sabha Constituency is Mr.annadurai.[10][11]

References

1. "Tirupattur". tirupatturguide.com.
2. ChennaiAugust 15, Press Trust of India; August 15, 2019UPDATED; Ist, 2019 12:48. "Tamil Nadu CM Palaniswami announces trifurcation of Vellore district". India Today. Retrieved 5 September 2019.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
3. http://zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=36&Itemid=16
4. "Station: Tiruppattur Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 749–750. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
5. "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M204. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
6. "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
7. "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Tirupattur". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
8. "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
9. "LIST OF SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES, Election Commission of India- State Election, 2016 to the Legislative Assembly Of Tamil Nadu" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 31 January 2017.
10. "Tiruvannamalai(Tamil Nadu) Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 with Sitting MP and Party Name". www.elections.in. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
11. "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 8 October 2008.

11. " New website for Tirupattur people has been developed recently".https://tirupatturdistrict.com

External links

• Tirupattur official website
• Tirupattur District https://tirupatturdistrict.com
• Tirupattur's website
• Tirupattur Travel app for Android