Tambov

Tambov (UK: /tæmˈbɒf/,[9] US: /tɑːmˈbɔːf, -ˈbɔːv/;[10][11][12] Russian: Тамбов, IPA: [tɐmˈbof]) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, located at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about 418 kilometers (260 mi) south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 (2010 Census);[4] 293,658 (2002 Census);[13] 304,600 (1989 Census).[14]

For other uses, see Tambov (disambiguation).
Tambov

Тамбов
City[1]
International Street
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Tambov
Tambov
Location of Tambov
Tambov
Tambov (Tambov Oblast)
Coordinates: 52°43′N 41°26′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectTambov Oblast[1]
FoundedApril 17, 1636
City status since1719
Government
 • MayorYury Rogachev
Area
 • Total90.89 km2 (35.09 sq mi)
Elevation
130 m (430 ft)
Population
 • Total280,161
 • Estimate 
(2018)[5]
293,661 (+4.8%)
 • Rank65th in 2010
 • Density3,100/km2 (8,000/sq mi)
 • Subordinated tocity of oblast significance of Tambov[1]
 • Capital ofTambov Oblast[1], Tambovsky District[1]
 • Urban okrugTambov Urban Okrug[6]
 • Capital ofTambov Urban Okrug[6], Tambovsky Municipal District[6]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK [7])
Postal code(s)[8]
392000
Dialing code(s)+7 4752
OKTMO ID68701000001
City DayJune 12
Websitecity.tambov.gov.ru
The bell tower of the Kazan Monastery

Etymology

The name "Tambov" originates from the Moksha language word "томба" (tomba) meaning "abyss", [15][16] or "deep pool".

History

Tambov was founded by the decree of Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich on April 17, 1636 (Old Style). Originally, it was a border fortress against attacks by the Crimean Tatars, but it soon declined in importance as a military outpost. It then became the region's administrative and trade centre.

Roman Boborykin, the emperor's court menial (stolnik) and voivode was the town's first builder. Thanks to his experience, the fortress had been completed rapidly. Tambov was granted city status in 1719.

In 1779, Tambov Viceroyalty was formed, and on August 16, 1781, Empress Catherine the Great approved the city's coat of arms depicting a beehive, symbolizing the town's hardworking residents. This viceroyalty was formed from southern parts of Ryazan Viceyorality and northern parts of Voronezh Viceyorality. In March 1786, the disgraced Russian poet and statesman Gavrila Derzhavin was appointed the governor of Tambov Governorate—a post that he held until December 1788. Even during that brief tenure, he accomplished a great deal: a theatre, a college, a dancing school, a printing business, an orchestra, and a brickyard were built. Tambov later erected a monument to Derzhavin.

In November 1830, during the Cholera Riots in Russia, the citizens of Tambov attacked their governor, but they were soon suppressed by the regular army. Later in the 19th century Tambov became a significant cultural centre that supported a growing number of schools, libraries, and other institutions. By 1897, its population was more than 50,000 people.

During the Civil War, in 1920–1921, the region witnessed the Tambov Rebellion—a bitter struggle between local residents and the Bolshevik Red Army. In 1921, a Tambov Republic was established, but it was soon crushed by the Red Army under the command of Mikhail Tukhachevsky. Between 1928 and 1934, Tambov became okrug centre in Central Black Earth Oblast. After dissolving the oblast on 13 June 1934, it became the raion center in Voronezh Oblast. Tambov finally became the centre of Tambov Oblast, which was created from oblasts of Voronezh and Kuybyshev on 27 September 1937. The oblast had present form after separation of Penza Oblast (formerly part of Kuybyshev one) on 4 February 1939.

During and after World War II, most of the Malgré-nous prisoners of war (Frenchmen from annexed Alsace and Moselle who were conscripted in the Wehrmacht) were jailed in "Camp #188" at Tambov. Between 4,000 and 10,000 of them died in this camp.[17] In 1991, a 360-meter (1,180 ft) high guyed television antenna was built in Tambov.

Administrative and municipal status

Tambov serves as the administrative center of the oblast and, within the framework of administrative divisions, it also serves as the administrative center of Tambovsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated as the city of oblast significance of Tambov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Tambov is incorporated as Tambov Urban Okrug.[6]

Economy

The city is highly industrialized.

Transportation

The city is a large industrial center and is served by Tambov Donskoye Airport. Tambov is also the location of the Tambov air base of the Russian Air Force. A railway connection between Tambov and Moscow was first established in 1871.[18] The railroad goes on to Saratov and is not electrified. There are also small suburban trains, or "rail buses" that connect Tambov Oblast's capital with other cities, such as Michurinsk, Uvarovo, and Kirsanov.

Climate

Tambov has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). The average temperature of the coldest month (February) is about -8 °C, the warmest month (July) – about +20 °C. Because of the southerly location average annual temperature in Tambov is about 2 degrees higher than in Moscow. Annual rainfall ranges from 400 to 650 mm, more than half of them (about 270 mm) of precipitation falls in the warm season. Duration of the warm period is 154 days.

Climate data for Tambov
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 6.6
(43.9)		 8.5
(47.3)		 17.6
(63.7)		 29.7
(85.5)		 36.1
(97.0)		 38.8
(101.8)		 41.1
(106.0)		 41.0
(105.8)		 35.2
(95.4)		 26.5
(79.7)		 14.6
(58.3)		 11.8
(53.2)		 41.1
(106.0)
Average high °C (°F) −4.5
(23.9)		 −4.3
(24.3)		 1.6
(34.9)		 13.2
(55.8)		 20.9
(69.6)		 24.4
(75.9)		 26.5
(79.7)		 25.0
(77.0)		 18.5
(65.3)		 10.2
(50.4)		 1.2
(34.2)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 10.8
(51.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5)		 −7.9
(17.8)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 7.5
(45.5)		 14.5
(58.1)		 18.4
(65.1)		 20.4
(68.7)		 18.7
(65.7)		 12.7
(54.9)		 6.1
(43.0)		 −1.4
(29.5)		 −6.3
(20.7)		 6.1
(43.0)
Average low °C (°F) −10.5
(13.1)		 −11
(12)		 −5.8
(21.6)		 2.7
(36.9)		 8.7
(47.7)		 12.9
(55.2)		 14.9
(58.8)		 13.2
(55.8)		 8.2
(46.8)		 2.8
(37.0)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 −9.1
(15.6)		 1.9
(35.4)
Record low °C (°F) −38
(−36)		 −36.9
(−34.4)		 −30.4
(−22.7)		 −15.3
(4.5)		 −4
(25)		 0.4
(32.7)		 4.4
(39.9)		 2.5
(36.5)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 −14.7
(5.5)		 −29.3
(−20.7)		 −36.1
(−33.0)		 −38
(−36)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 37
(1.5)		 31
(1.2)		 27
(1.1)		 26
(1.0)		 42
(1.7)		 72
(2.8)		 54
(2.1)		 44
(1.7)		 53
(2.1)		 46
(1.8)		 45
(1.8)		 41
(1.6)		 518
(20.4)
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[19]

Culture

The city is home to two universities, Derzhavin Tambov State University[20] and Tambov State Technical University. The Tambov Art Gallery houses a vast collection of canvases by Russian and West-European artists. Russia's oldest drama theater is located in Tambov, as well as two universities, two military colleges, a musical school, a museum of local lore, and other cultural institutions.

In the Russian popular culture has long had a reputation of a gloomy city dangerous for living (which is only partly related to the notorious Tambov Mafia). Since recently, the Tambov Wolf became the city's icon; its origin goes back to the proverb "A wolf from Tambov is your comrade" (i.e. you are no friend to me, you have nothing to do with me)[21][22].

  • Monument to the Tambov Wolf
  • "Eternal Flame" on Sobornaya Square[23] (opened May 9, 1970)
  • Monument to the feat of doctors
  • Monument to the Victims of Nuclear Disasters

Sports

Tambov's professional association football team, FC Tambov, plays in the Russian Premier League.

Notable people
See also: List of people from Tambov

Twin towns and sister cities
An old postcard depicting the Russian Orthodox monastery in Tambov
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Tambov is a sister city of:

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References

Notes
  1. Law #72-Z
  2. "Результат запроса".
  3. Доклад «О состоянии и использовании земель в Тамбовской области в 2011 году» Приложение 1. Распределение земель Тамбовской области по категориям в разрезе районов и городов (на 1 января 2012 года, га)), стр. 108. Данные на 1 января 2012 года.
  4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  6. Law #232-Z
  7. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. "Tambov". Lexico UK Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
  10. "Tambov". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
  11. "Tambov". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
  12. "Tambov". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
  13. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  14. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  15. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. Мокшанско-русский словарь / НИИЯЛИЭ при Совете Министров Правительстве Республики Мордовия; Под редакцией Б. А. Серебрянникова, А. П. Феоктистова, О. Е. Полякова - Москва: Русский язык: Дигора, 1998.
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 13, 2005. Retrieved January 22, 2006.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. "Жд вокзал Тамбов | Оригинал жд билета | Жд билеты | Международный аэропорт «Стригино» г. Нижний Новгород, РЖД билет, купить ж д билет, рейсы самолетов в нижний новгород, телефоны справочного бюро аэропорта стригино, заказ ж/д билетов, стоимость жд билетов, билеты на поезд, бронирование, авиарейсы - Аэропорт Нижний Новгород - Нижегородский аэропорт - сайт аэропорта нижний новгород стригино - МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ АЭРОПОРТ НИЖНИЙ НОВГОРОД". Nnov-airport.ru. Archived from the original on March 13, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  19. "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). Retrieved September 8, 2007.
  20. http://eng.tsutmb.ru/about/
  21. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=4e297d5d-2392-4bf7-86fe-fb09c6354b77
  22. https://rusmania.com/central/tambov-region/tambov
  23. Monuments of Tambov

Sources
  • Тамбовская областная Дума. Закон №72-З от 21 июня 1996 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тамбовской области», в ред. Закона №544-З от 11 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статью 7 Закона Тамбовской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тамбовской области"». Опубликован: "Тамбовская жизнь", №131, 1996 г. (Tambov Oblast Duma. Law #72-Z of June 21, 1996 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tambov Oblast, as amended by the Law #544-Z of June 11, 2015 On Amending Article 7 of the Law of Tambov Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tambov Oblast". ).
  • Тамбовская областная Дума. Закон №232-З от 17 сентября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и определении места нахождения представительных органов муниципальных образований в Тамбовской области», в ред. Закона №606-З от 7 декабря 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Тамбовской области "Об установлении границ и определении места нахождения представительных органов муниципальных образований в Тамбовской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тамбовская жизнь", №185 (23125). (Tambov Oblast Duma. Law #232-Z of September 17, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and Determining the Location of the Representative Organs of the Municipal Formations of Tambov Oblast, as amended by the Law #606-Z of December 7, 2015 On Amending the Law of Tambov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and Determining the Location of the Representative Organs of the Municipal Formations of Tambov Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).

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