Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway

The Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway (TPLEX) is an 89.21-kilometer (55.43 mi) four-lane expressway north of Manila, Philippines, which connects the Central Luzon region with the Ilocos Region. The expressway begins at the northern terminus of the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway in Tarlac City, and ends at Rosario in La Union.


Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway
Map of expressways in Luzon, with the Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway in orange
Route information
Maintained by Private Infra Development Corporation
Length89.2 km (55.4 mi)
Existed2013–present
Component
highways
Major junctions
South end E1 (Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway) / N58 (Santa Rosa–Tarlac Road) in La Paz, Tarlac
 
North end
N2 (Manila North Road) inRosario, La Union
Location
Provinces
Major cities
Towns
[1]
Highway system
  • Roads in the Philippines
Logo used from 2013–2017. Still used alternatively.

The first section of the project, from Tarlac City to Pura, Tarlac, had been operating on a "soft opening" basis since October 31, 2013, and was ready for full operation in November 2013.[2]

Part of the second segment, which will take motorists up to Ramos, Tarlac, opened on December 23, 2013. The section from Anao, Tarlac up to Rosales, Pangasinan, opened in April 2014, while the remaining segment connecting Rosales to Urdaneta opened on December 20 of the same year.[3]

The third segment of the expressway partially opened up to Binalonan in 2016[4][5] and Pozorrubio in 2017.[6][7] The final section of the expressway from Pozorrubio to Rosario was opened to motorists on July 15, 2020.[8][9]

Proposals have also been raised for extending the project all the way to Laoag in Ilocos Norte.[10][11]

The TPLEX is an extension of the North Luzon Expressway and the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway and is part of Expressway 1 of the Philippine expressway network.

The expressway crosses the three rivers within the province of Pangasinan. The rivers along the TPLEx area are Agno River, Binalonan River, and Bued River.

Route description

TPLEX follows a route that parallels the MacArthur Highway from Tarlac City in Tarlac to Pozorrubio in Pangasinan. The whole expressway has four lanes, with two lanes per direction, separated by Jersey barriers. Sections on the exits and their approaches are illuminated with street lights at night. Significant sections of the expressway are built on embankment overlooking rice paddy fields. The whole expressway is designated as part of Expressway 1 (E1) of the Department of Public Works and Highways Route Numbering System[12]

Tarlac
Travelling north on the TPLEx towards Pura
Travelling south towards Ramos

The Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway starts in Tarlac City as a physical extension of the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway. The expressway passes through the municipalities of Victoria, Pura, Ramos, and Anao. Significant portions of the expressway in Tarlac are built on raised land or embankments, and existing roads cross through underpasses built on cuts on the embankment. The road enters Cuyapo in Nueva Ecija without any major junction, before entering Pangasinan, at the municipality of Rosales.

Pangasinan
The viaduct across Agno River at the Rosales–Villasis boundary.

The Pangasinan segment of TPLEX starts at the municipality of Rosales. The expressway then crosses through a viaduct over the Agno River. The road then enters Urdaneta, which is served by a single interchange that connects with MacArthur Highway. The Urdaneta exit served as the expressway's northern terminus until the extension to Binalonan opened. Past Urdaneta Exit, TPLEX crosses above the Manila North Road, then passes over Binalonan and Pozorrubio. The last exit within the province is Sison, which is still under construction and is not yet included in the opening of the main carriageway.

La Union

Past the Sison exit, the expressway then crosses through a viaduct over the Bued River. The road then enters the municipality of Rosario, where the main, northern toll plaza is located. Past the Rosario toll plaza is a spur road that connects to the Rosario rotunda. This is also the northern terminus of the expressway.

History

Conception and early development

Although calls for the creation of an expressway system that would stretch from the Philippine Capital of Manila all the way to Rosario, the southernmost town of the province of La Union, had been raised even before the turn of the millennium,[13] these calls first actually began to bear concrete fruit in the mid-2000s.

In 2005, construction began on the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway (SCTEx), creating a linked expressway system which reached all the way to Tarlac City, Tarlac – an improvement over the North Luzon Expressway's terminus which reached only up to Mabalacat, Pampanga.

In 2006, Congressional representatives from Northern Luzon took advantage of the final reading of House Bill 5749[14] to lobby for a project that would extend the expressway system to Rosario, as a means to boost trade, tourism, and speed up transportation in the provinces of Tarlac, Eastern Pangasinan, and La Union.[15] As a result of this lobbying, the Arroyo administration announced in October 2006 a ten-year period in which the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) would be extended from Mabalacat, Pampanga, to Rosario, La Union, and the South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) would be extended from Calamba, Laguna, to Lucena in Quezon, and eventually up to Matnog, Sorsogon.[16]

In 2008, the SCTEx was formally opened, setting the stage for the development of the TPLEx, which would extend beyond the SCTEx' terminus in Tarlac City.

The initial plan for the construction of the TPLEx was that it would be carried out in two phases: The first phase would involve the construction of two lanes while the second phase entailed its expansion into four lanes to accommodate 25,000 vehicles.

The proposed superhighway would be built parallel to MacArthur Highway, passing through the city of Tarlac and the municipalities of La Paz, Gerona, Victoria, Pura, Anao, and Ramos in Tarlac, Nampicuan and Cuyapo in Nueva Ecija and Rosales, Villasis, Urdaneta, Binalonan, Laoac, Pozorrubio, and Sison in Pangasinan, and Rosario, La Union.[17]

Development stage Tollway alignment
Phase 1 Tarlac City, Tarlac, to Rosales, Pangasinan
Phase 2 Rosales, Pangasinan, to Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
Phase 3 Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, to Rosario, La Union
Extension Rosario, La Union, to San Fernando, La Union

The financing, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the Tarlac–La Union Toll Expressway phase 1 was eventually awarded to Private Infra Dev Corporation (PIDC)[18][19]

Project financing

Three local banks undertook the financing of the TPLEX: BDO Unibank, Development Bank of the Philippines, and Land Bank of the Philippines. This made TPLEX notable in the Infrastructure and Development Financing industry "the first Public-Private Partnership project in the Philippines to feature an all-domestic cast of sponsors and lenders.” London-based Project Finance Magazine named the TPLEX as its "Asia Pacific Transport Deal of the Year" for 2011.[20]

The project is being implemented through public-private partnership using the build–operate–transfer (BOT) scheme in which the project proponent is responsible for the design, financing, and construction of the initial two-lane expressway.

As each section of the toll road is completed, it is turned over to the government. The government then grants the proponent the franchise to operate and maintain the toll road, after which the proponent, after a certificate to commence toll operation issued by the Toll Regulatory Board, operates the road on behalf of the government under a long term concession agreement.

Development disputes
Alignment dispute over San Fabian and Pozorrubio routes, both in Pangasinan

Land acquisition

A contributor to delays in the early development of the TPLEX was the acquisition of the right of way (ROW) for the project. With the TPLEX identified as a high priority government project,[21] the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) was given the task of acquiring the right of way for the project's proposed alignment, and was allocated P793 million in the hope that the process could be expedited.[22] However, numerous legal disputes regarding affected properties, notably in the Tarlac segment of the project,[23] meant delays in the negotiation process being undertaken by the DPWH.[24][25]

Alignment of the Rosario interchange

The expected completion of the entire expressway caused a major delay when an unsolicited proposal was brought up to change the alignment of the project to change the location of the final interchange in Rosario, La Union.[26][27][28] Former Pangasinan 5th District Representative Mark Cojuangco proposed three alignments: one would pass through Urdaneta City, then San Fabian, and exits Brgy. Cataguintingan of Rosario, La Union. This is about 1.48 kilometers longer from the original TPLEX end at Barangay Subusob, Rosario. The second proposal will also pass through San Fabian but will end at the original TPLEX end at Barangay Subusob. The first two proposals skips Pozorrubio. The third proposal will pass through Pozorrubio, San Fabian, and then end at Barangay Subusub. All proposals intend to skip the municipality of Sison. The Cordillera Administrative Region Development Council has rejected the idea.[29] The target completion date had been moved from end of April 2017 to end April 2018.[30]

Construction of phase 1 (Tarlac City to Rosales)
Approaching Victoria exit. The first phase (Tarlac City–Victoria–Pura) was opened to motorists in November 2013

The first phase of the Tarlac-La Union Toll Expressway started in January 2010.[31][32]

In April 2013, San Miguel Corporation announced that the segment from Tarlac City up to Urdaneta will be built with four lanes, instead of the initial plan of two lanes only. However, this also pushed back the opening day of the expressway from June 2013 to November 2013.[33]

Tarlac City–Pura segment opening

On October 25, 2013, the Toll Regulatory Board authorized the issuance of the Toll Operation Permit for the Tarlac City–Pura segment of the TPLEX after the construction of that segment was completed by Private Infra Dev Corp. (PIDC), the all-Filipino consortium backed by conglomerates San Miguel Corporation (SMC) and DMCI Holdings, Inc.[2]

This first phase, referred to as section 1A, begins with a connection to SCTEX, then stretches 17 kilometres (11 miles) from Tarlac City to Victoria, and then to Pura, Tarlac. It is expected to cut current travel time to Baguio by as much as 40 minutes.[2]

Pura–Ramos segment opening

On December 23, 2013, the expressway opened up to Ramos, Tarlac, bringing TPLEX up to 23 kilometres (14 mi) of its operational length.

Ramos–Carmen/Rosales segment opening

On April 16, 2014, phase 1 of the project was completed when the Rosales section was opened in time for the Lenten traffic and it is the halfway to go to Baguio.

Construction of phase 2 (Rosales to Urdaneta)

Carmen–Urdaneta segment opening

In December 2014, section 2 of the project, covering 13.72 km from Carmen to Urdaneta, was opened to traffic, as what PIDC president Mark Dumol had announced on the day the completion of phase 1 was announced.

Construction of phase 3 (Urdaneta to Rosario)
Pozorrubio Interchange under construction in MacArthur Highway in the town of Pozorrubio, Pangasinan

In the December 2014 announcement for the opening of phase 2, Dumol also projected that the last section, covering 25.83 km from Urdaneta to Rosario and including an exit in Pozorrubio, would be completed some time in 2015.[34] However, there were delays in the implementation of the project, which included a highly disputed proposal to divert the exit 7 kilometres (4.3 miles) away to San Fabian in Pangasinan.

The DPWH and the PIDC announced in July 2015 that they will continue to follow the original plan for the last phase exiting in Rosario, adding that this last phase would be completed by the following year, 2016.[35]

This development phase was further subdivided into phase 3A, from Urdaneta to Pozorrubio, and phase 3B, Pozorrubio to Rosario. Section 3A would include trumpet-type interchanges at Binalonan and Pozorrubio, while section 3B include an interchange at Sison and the roundabout-style terminus interchange in Rosario, La Union.[36]

After the opening of the exit at Binalonan in December 2017, the DPWH said segment 3B from Pozorrubio to Rosario is expected to be completed in June 2019.[4]

Urdaneta to Binalonan segment opening

By mid-August 2016, the first exit of section 3A, at Binalonan Exit, had been opened to the driving public. Notably, this created easy access to the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Manaoag, located only 10 minutes away from the new exit.[5]

Binalonan to Pozorrubio segment opening

By December 6, 2017, the last exit of section 3A, at Pozorrubio, Pangasinan, had been opened to the driving public. In September 2016, DPWH said this exit of section 3A, which covers the 7.53-km from Binalonan to Pozorrubio, was supposed to open in December 2016. The Binalonan to Pozorrubio section was expected to open around October 27, 2017, but the section did not open on that date due to the minor right-of-way issues on the missing 1-kilometer fence.[7]

Pozorrubio to Rosario segment opening

By July 15, 2020, the Pozorrubio to Rosario segment of the expressway opened to motorists, with the exception of the Sison exit, which was still under construction as the main carriageway opened.[9][37]

Future

Extension to La Union

As a part of the project of increasing the 200 km radius of High Standard Highways of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) into a 300 km radius from Metro Manila, the expressway will be extended to the city of San Fernando, La Union.[38] There are also plans to move the extension terminus to San Juan, La Union and will be divided into three segments,[39] namely:

Segment Coverage Kilometers
Segment 1 Rosario to Tubao 18
Segment 2 Tubao to Naguilian 23
Segment 3 Naguilian to San Juan 18.4

Extension to Laoag

On June 11, 2013, at the Annual Stockholders Meeting of San Miguel Corporation, its Chairman, Eduardo Cojuangco Jr., revealed plans of extending the expressway north to Laoag, Ilocos Norte. He said that the extension of the toll road business to Laoag has been raised during the Arroyo administration.[40]

Technical specifications
  • Name: Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway
  • Concession holder: Private Infra Development Corporation
  • Operator: Private Infra Development Corporation
  • Length: 89.21 kilometres (55.43 miles)
  • Concession starting date: October 2013
  • Concession ending date: February 2044
  • Highway exits: 11
  • Lanes: 4 (2 per direction)
  • Toll plazas: 2
  • Rest and service areas: 2
  • Minimum height clearance on underpasses: 4.28 metres (14.0 feet)

Toll
Toll gate at Carmen Exit in Rosales, Pangasinan

The Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway uses a closed road tolling system where motorists get a card upon entry and surrender it on exit. The toll fee is per kilometer travelled, and divided by vehicle class. On April 8, 2019, the Autosweep electronic toll collection (ETC) system, which is its parent company's RFID system across its controlled tollways in the country, is implemented at TPLEX. This ensures interoperability with other SMC-operated tollways as well as those of MPTC's such as NLEX and SCTEX.

Class Toll[41]
Class 1
(cars, motorcycles, SUVs, jeepneys)		 ₱3.50/km
Class 2
(buses, light trucks)		 ₱8.70/km
Class 3
(heavy trucks)		 ₱10.50/km

Features

Special features of the expressway will include:[42]

  • A fleet of patrol cars and emergency assistance vehicles that can respond to motorists anywhere along the stretch within 10 minutes
  • Rumble strips
  • Concrete barriers
  • Guardrails
  • Lay by
  • Lighting and cameras in all toll plazas
  • Signs and pavement markings with powdered glass beads for enhanced visibility
  • Speed sensors to ensure motorists will keep to the 100-kilometers per hour limit
  • Toll plazas in major entry points will be equipped with electronic card dispensing machines
  • All installations will be fiber optic, internet-enabled

Exits

Current exits

Exits are numbered by kilometer post, with Rizal Park in Manila designated as Kilometer 0. Exits start at 124 because the SCTEX is connected with TPLEX. Thus, the last exit of SCTEX will be succeeded by an exit in TPLEX. 

RegionProvinceCity/MunicipalitykmmiExitNameDestinationsNotes
Central LuzonTarlacTarlac City12477124Tarlac City N58 (Santa Rosa—Tarlac Road) – Tarlac City, La Paz, Cabanatuan, Manila, Olongapo, Subic, ClarkFolded diamond interchange. Road continues south as E1 (Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway). Northbound ramps being modified for a new interchange for the future CLLEX.
12678Tarlac toll plaza (electronic toll collection, cash payments)
Victoria13081VictoriaTarlac—Victoria Road — Victoria, Talavera, Tarlac CityTrumpet interchange.
13483Petron Km. 134 (northbound)
13483Petron Km. 134 (southbound)
GeronaNo major junctions
Pura13886PuraGerona—Guimba Road — Gerona, Pura, Guimba, Muñoz, Cagayan Valley, VictoriaTrumpet interchange.
Ramos14489RamosPaniqui—Ramos Road — Paniqui, RamosTrumpet interchange.
Anao15093AnaoMoncada—Anao Road — Anao, Moncada, Nampicuan, CuyapoTrumpet interchange.
Nueva EcijaNampicuanNo major junctions
CuyapoNo major junctions
Ilocos RegionPangasinanRosales169105Carmen (Rosales) Rosales Access Road – Rosales, Santo Tomas, VillasisTrumpet interchange. Access to N2 (MacArthur Highway) and in the future to N114 (Pangasinan–Nueva Ecija Road).
169105Carmen toll plaza (demolished)
171106Tomana (Rosales) N56 (Carmen–Poblacion Rosales Road) – Rosales, Santo Tomas, VillasisHalf diamond interchange. This exit permanently closed when Carmen (Rosales) Exit opened.
Rosales – Villasis boundaryAgno Viaduct
VillasisNo major junctions
Urdaneta184114Urdaneta N2 (MacArthur Highway) – Urdaneta, DagupanTrumpet interchange.
BinalonanNo major junctions
Laoac189117Binalonan N210 (Binalonan—Dagupan Highway) – Binalonan, Manaoag, LaoacTrumpet interchange. Access to the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary of Manaoag.
Pozorrubio199124Pozorrubio N2 (MacArthur Highway) – PozzorubioTrumpet interchange
Sison204127Sison N2 (MacArthur Highway) – SisonExit under construction. Partially opened with the Sison—Rosario segment on December 15, 2019.[43][44]
Bued Viaduct
La UnionRosario210130Rosario toll plaza (electronic toll collection, cash payments)
211131Rosario N2 (MacArthur Highway) / Pugo-Rosario Road – Baguio, Rosario, Pugo, IlocosRoundabout interchange. Northern terminus of the expressway.
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Closed/former
  •       Incomplete access
  •       Tolled
  •       Unopened

Future Extension Exits

The entire route is located in La Union. These are the proposed exits of the proposed TPLEX Extension to San Juan, La Union.[38] 

City/MunicipalitykmmiExitNameDestinationsNotes
RosarioRosario E1 (TPLEX) – Rosario, ManilaConnection with the mainline of TPLEX
TubaoTubao N208 (Aspiras–Palispis Highway) – Tubao, Agoo, Pugo, Baguio
BauangNaguilian N54 (Naguilian Road) – Naguilian, Burgos, Baguio
BauangBauang, San Fernando
San JuanSan Juan toll plaza
San Juan N2 (MacArthur Highway) – San JuanFuture northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Unopened
gollark: A post-apocalyptic world would be made more !!FUN!! by how the people with home bunker things are *also* generally packing them with weapons and ready to kill other people to defend themselves.
gollark: I'll find my old Difference Engine and stick it in my bunker.
gollark: #makeavirustooverwritewindowswithtempleos
gollark: The rewrite is going decently well, it seems significantly more responsive now.
gollark: Also, I mean lightweight as in small code size.

References
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  2. Camus, Miguel R. (October 27, 2013). "First phase of TPLEx set to open on Oct. 30". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Makati, Metro Manila. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
  3. Dumlao, Doris C. (December 18, 2014). "SMC completes 2nd section of TPLEx". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
  4. "New TPLEx exit shortens travel to pilgrim site". Philippine Daily Inquirer. September 19, 2016. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
  5. "TPLEX's Binalonan Toll Plaza now open". The Philippine Star. August 16, 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2016.
  6. Camus, Miguel R. (December 7, 2017). "New TPLEx section opened". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
  7. "TPLEX now extended to Pozorrubio in Pangasinan". Rappler. December 7, 2017. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
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  10. Lowe, Aya (June 12, 2013). "TPLEx may extend up to Laoag — Cojuangco". Rappler. Ortigas Center, Pasig City: Rappler, Inc. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
  11. "San Miguel eyeing TPLEX extension to San Juan in La Union by 2022". CNN Philippines. July 16, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
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  17. "NEDA Project Proposal Monitoring". Archived from the original on January 28, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
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  23. Cervantes, Ding (January 4, 2013). "TARLAC-LA UNION EXPRESSWAY PROJECT – Farmer groups: DPWH paying 'fake' claimants". Punto! Central Luzon. City of San Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines: LLL Trimedia Coordinators. Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
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  25. http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/668390/tplex-rerouting-squabble-sizzles
  26. Palangchao, Harley (May 1, 2011). "Solons bat for original TPLEX plan to boost tourism, economy". Baguio Midland Courier. Baguio, Philippines.
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  30. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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  32. "Arroyo to lead expressway groundbreaking". SunStar Pangasinan. Ortigas Center, Pasig City, Philippines: Sun Star Publishing Inc. February 28, 2010. Retrieved May 30, 2011.
  33. Hermoso, Tito (April 24, 2013). "What happens next?". AutoIndustriya.com. AutoIndustriya. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
  34. Agcaoili, Lawrence (April 14, 2014). "SMC to open new segment of TPLEx". The Philippine Star. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
  35. Dumlao, Artemio (July 13, 2015). "TPLEX exit in La Union to go on as planned". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
  36. http://www.dpwh.gov.ph/PPP/projs/tplex.htm Archived March 9, 2016, at the Wayback Machine accessed September 1, 2016.
  37. "SMC, DPWH open final segment of TPLEx". GMA News. July 15, 2020. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
  38. "TPLEX Extension | Department of Public Works and Highways". www.dpwh.gov.ph. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  39. Camus, Miguel R. "SMC offers to extend TPLEx". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  40. "TPLEx may extend up to Laoag — Cojuangco". Rappler. June 12, 2013.
  41. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on February 27, 2014. Retrieved April 3, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  42. Agcaoili, Lawrence (October 28, 2013). "SMC to open Tarlac portion of P24-B TPLEX". The Philippine Star. Mandaluyong City, Philippines. Retrieved September 30, 2013.
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