Shanmukhapriya

Shanmukhapriya is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 56th melakarta rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Chāmaram in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.[1][2] It is said to be borrowed into Hindustani music from Carnatic music.[2] Many compositions on Lord Murugan and Lord Shiva are based on this raaga.

Shanmukhapriya
ArohanamS R₂ G₂ M₂ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ
AvarohanamṠ N₂ D₁ P M₂ G₂ R₂ S

Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style Tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇa
Veṇu
Nāgasvaraṃ
Gottuvadhyam (Citra Vīṇa)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghatam
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

Structure and Lakshana
Shanmukhapriya scale with shadjam at C

It is the 2nd rāgam in the 10th chakra Disi. The mnemonic name is Disi-Sri. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gi mi pa dha ni.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

This scale uses the swaras chatushruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, prati madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatam and kaisiki nishadam. As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the prati madhyamam equivalent of Natabhairavi, which is the 20th melakarta scale.

Janya rāgams

Shanmukhapriya has a few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See List of janya rāgams for scales associated with Shanmukhapriya.

Compositions

A composition later set to Shanmukapriya

Here are a few common compositions sung in concerts, set to Shanmukhapriya.

The compositions of Muthuswami Dikshitar, namely, Siddhi Vinayakam, Mahasuram Ketumaham,sadashraye and Ekamreshanayakim have their school's rāgam name Chāmaram mudra in them.

Film Songs

Language:Tamil
Song Movie Composer Singer
Nenjil Kudiyirukkum Irumbu Thirai S. V. Venkatraman T. M. Soundararajan, P. Leela
Arivukku Virunthaagum Thirukurale Arivaali T. M. Soundararajan
Ninaindhu Ninaindhu Nenjam Urugudhe Sadhaaram G. Ramanathan
Muthai Tharu Arunagirinathar T. R. Papa
Adi Ennadi Rakkamma Pattikada Pattanama M. S. Viswanathan
Maraindhirundhu Thillana Mohanambal K. V. Mahadevan P. Susheela
Pazham Neeyappa Thiruvilaiyadal K. B. Sundarambal
Thamthananam Thana Puthiya Vaarpugal Illayaraja Jency Anthony,Sulochana
Thakita Thadimi Salangai Oli S. P. Balasubramanyam
Kadhal Kasukuthaiya Aan Paavam Illayaraja
Sollaayo Vaaithiranthu Mogamul M. G. Sreekumar, S. Janaki
Ooruvittu Ooruvanthu Karakattakkaran Malaysia Vasudevan, Gangai Amaran
Rajathi Raja Mannan S. P. Balasubramanyam, Swarnalatha
Kannukkul Nooru Vedham Pudhithu Devendran S. P. Balasubramanyam, K.S. Chitra
Saravanabava Ennum Thirumanthiram Mettukudi Sirpy Mano
Mudhal Kanave Majunu Harris Jayaraj Harish Raghavendra, Bombay Jayashree,O.S.Arun
Athini Chitthini(Raga Panthuvarali traces too) Thenali A. R. Rahman Hariharan, Chitra Sivaraman

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Shanmukhapriya's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 3 other major melakarta rāgams, namely, Shoolini, Dhenuka and Chitrambari. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Shanmukhapriya.

Shanmukhapriya corresponds to Hungarian Gypsy scale in Western music.

Notes
  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R G̱ M̄ P Ḏ Ṉ Ṡ
    • Western: C D E♭ F♯ G A♭ B♭ C
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ Ṉ Ḏ P M̄ G̱ R S
    • Western: C B♭ A♭ G F♯ E♭ D C
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References
  1. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  3. "A Raga's Journey – Sacred Shanmukhapriya". The Hindu. 2 September 2011.
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