Keeravani

Keeravani (pronounced keeravāṇi) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 21st Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. The 21st melakarta rāgam as per Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music is Kiraṇāvaḻi.

For the music director, see M. M. Keeravani.
Keeravani
ArohanamS R₂ G₂ M₁ P D₁ N₃ Ṡ
AvarohanamṠ N₃ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S
EquivalentHarmonic minor scale

Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style Tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇa
Veṇu
Nāgasvaraṃ
Gottuvadhyam (Citra Vīṇa)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghatam
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

This rāgam is a popular scale in western music as well. The Western equivalent is the Harmonic minor scale.[1][2] It is said to be borrowed into Hindustani music from Carnatic music.

Structure and Lakshana
Keeravani scale with shadjam at C

It is the 3rd rāgam in the 4th chakra Veda. The mnemonic name is Veda-Go. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gi ma pa dha nu.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

(the notes used in this scale are chathusruthi rishabha, sadharana gandhara, suddha madhyama,panchama suddha dhaivatha, kakali nishadha)

As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Simhendramadhyamam, which is the 57th melakarta.

Janya Rāgams

Keeravani has many janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. Kalyāna vasantam is a popular janya of Keeravani. See List of janya rāgams for full list of rāgams associated with Keeravani. Other popular janya ragams include Sāmapriya and Vasantamanohari.

Compositions

Many composers have composed songs in Keeravani. A few of them are listed here.

Film Songs

Language:Tamil
Song Movie Composer Singer
Paattu Padava Then Nilavu A. M. Rajah A. M. Rajah
Oho Endhan Baby A. M. Rajah, S. Janaki
Kaalangalil Aval Vasantham Paava Mannippu Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy P. B. Sreenivas
Yaar Sirithal Enna Idhayathil Nee
Manavane Azhalaama Karpagam P. Susheela
Kannirendum Minna Minna Aandavan Kattalai P. B. Sreenivas, L. R. Eswari
Avala Ivala Mannadhi Mannan L. R. Eswari, L.R.Anjali
Vaan Megham Punnagai Mannan Illayaraja K. S. Chithra
Malaiyoram Veesum Kaatthu Paadu Nilavae Illayaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Oorai Therinchikitten Padikkadavan Illayaraja K.J. Yesudas
Kaatril Endhan Geedham Johnny Illayaraja S. Janaki
Kiravani Padum Paravaigal Illayaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Nenjukulle Innaarunnu Ponnumani Illayaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Chinna Mani Kuyilae Amman Koil Kizhakkaale Illayaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Oru Kaditham Deva Deva S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
Kannalanae Bombay A. R. Rahman K. S. Chithra
Ennai Kaanavillayae Nettrodu Kadhal Desam A. R. Rahman S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Anbae Anbae Uyirodu Uyiraga Vidyasagar Hariharan, K. S. Chithra
Vetri Kodi Kattu Padayappa A. R. Rahman Palakkad Sreeram
Taj Mahal Ondru Kannodu Kanbathellam Deva Hariharan
Anbe En Anbe Nenjinile Deva Hariharan
Khajiraho Kanavilor Oru Naal Oru Kanavu Ilayaraja Hariharan, Shreya Ghoshal

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Keeravani's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 3 other major melakarta rāgams, namely, Hemavati, Vakulabharanam and Kosalam. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Keeravani.

Notes
  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R G̱ M P Ḏ N Ṡ
    • Western: C D E♭ F G A♭ B C
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ N Ḏ P M G̱ R S
    • Western: C B A♭ G F E♭ D C
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References
  1. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
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