Sentetsu Tehoko-class locomotive

The Tehoko-class (テホコ) locomotives were a class of steam tender locomotives of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement.[1] The "Teho" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement were called "Ten Wheeler".[2]

Chosen Government Railway Tehoko class (テホコ) Korean National Railroad Teou5 class (터우5) Korean State Railway Tŏuo class (더우오)
A wrecked Sentetsu Tehoko-class locomotive in 1945.
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder ALCo, Shahekou Works Build date 1917–1919 Total produced 36
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-6-0 Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in) Driver dia. 1,680 mm (66 in) Length 17,972 mm (58 ft 11.6 in) Width 2,997 mm (9 ft 10.0 in) Height 4,232 mm (13 ft 10.6 in) Loco weight 72.52 t (71.37 long tons) Tender weight 43.45 t (42.76 long tons) Fuel capacity 6.00 t (5.91 long tons) Water cap 15,100 L (4,000 US gal) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 3.73 m^2 (40.1 sq ft) Boiler: ​  • Small tubes 167 x 51 mm (2.0 in)  • Large tubes 20 x 137 mm (5.4 in) Boiler pressure 12.6 kgf/cm^2 (179 psi) Heating surface 175.50 m^2 (1,889.1 sq ft)  • Tubes 161.90 m^2 (1,742.7 sq ft)  • Firebox 12.00 m^2 (129.2 sq ft) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 38.60 m^2 (415.5 sq ft) Cylinders 1 Cylinder size 530 mm × 660 mm (21 in × 26 in) Valve gear Walschaerts
Performance figures Maximum speed 95 km/h (59 mph) Tractive effort 120.0 kN (27,000 lbf)
Career Operators Chosen Government Railway Korean National Railroad Korean State Railway Class Sentetsu: テホコ KNR: 터우5 KSR: 더우오 Number in class 36 Numbers Sentetsu: テホコ1–テホコ36 Delivered 1917–1919

After the Liberation of Korea, of the 178 surviving locomotives of all Teho classes - including six previously owned by private railway companies - 106 went to the Korean National Railroad in the South, and 72 to the Korean State Railway in the North.[3]

Description

The first large class of 4-6-0 locomotives delivered to Sentetsu was the テホコ (Tehoko) class, which were express locomotives equipped with automatic injectors and other improvements, and which were much larger than the previous Teho classes.[1] The first nine, originally numbered 271–279, were built by ALCo's Schenectady Works in 1917,[4] followed by six copies, numbered 280–285, built in the same year by the South Manchuria Railway's Shahekou Works;[1] Another twelve followed in 1918 from ALCO's Pittsburgh plant, numbered 295–306.[1] Like all Teho-type locomotives operated by Sentetsu, they had driving wheels of 1,680 mm (66 in) and a top speed of 95 km/h (59 mph),[1] and were initially used as mainline passenger power on the Gyeongbu Line; they were later relegated to branchline duties.[5] In the 1938 general renumbering they became テホコ1 through テホコ36.[4] The 27 locomotives on the roster at the time of the 1918 renumbering became 701–727 in that year;[4] the last nine, delivered in 1918–19 from Shahekou, were numbered 728–736. In Sentetsu's general renumbering of 1938 the class was designated テホコ (Tehoko) class, and the locomotives were renumbered テホコ1 through テホコ38.[1]

Postwar

Korean National Railroad 터우5 (Teou5) class

The exact dispersal of the Tehoko-class locomotives after the partition of Korea in 1945 and the division of Sentetsu assets in 1947 is uncertain, but at least seven went to the South,[4] where the Korean National Railroad designated them 터우5 (Teou5) class [1] and used them until April 1955, when they were replaced by diesel locomotives.[5]

The only surviving Teho type locomotive in South Korea is 터우5-700, on display on a plinth at the entrance of Korail's Human Resources Department. Sentetsu held a commemoration of the 10th anniversary of the re-establishment of the Railway Bureau in Yongsan in 1935, and built 터우5-700 for display there. It was built as a cutaway displaying the internal structure of the locomotive, and it was equipped with a motor to move the driving wheels, which in turn shows the operation of the locomotive's moving parts. After use as a display item it was moved to the Railway University in Yongsan, where it was used as an instructional tool for students, until subsequently being relocated once again to its current location for preservation as part of Korea's railway cultural heritage.[5]

Korean State Railway 더우오 (Tŏuo) class

Most of the class went to the North after the partition, where they were designated 더우오 (Tŏuo) class by the Korean State Railway, but little is known of their service lives and subsequent fates.

Construction

Sentetsu running number			Postwar
Original	1918–1938	1938–1945	Owner	Number	Builder	Year	Notes
271	テホ701	テホコ1	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
272	テホ702	テホコ2	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
273	テホ703	テホコ3	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
274	テホ704	テホコ4	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
275	テホ705	テホコ5	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
276	テホ706	テホコ6	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
277	テホ707	テホコ7	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
278	テホ708	テホコ8	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
279	テホ709	テホコ9	?	?	ALCo-Schenectady	1917
280	テホ710	テホコ10	KNR	터우5-10	Shahekou	1917
281	テホ711	テホコ11	?	?	Shahekou	1917
282	テホ712	テホコ12	?	?	Shahekou	1917
283	テホ713	テホコ13	KNR	터우5-13	Shahekou	1917
284	テホ714	テホコ14	?	?	Shahekou	1917
285	テホ715	テホコ15	?	?	Shahekou	1917
295	テホ716	テホコ16	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
296	テホ717	テホコ17	KNR	터우5-17	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
297	テホ718	テホコ18	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
298	テホ719	テホコ19	KNR	터우5-19	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
299	テホ720	テホコ20	KNR	터우5-20	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
300	テホ721	テホコ21	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
301	テホ722	テホコ22	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
302	テホ723	テホコ23	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
303	テホ724	テホコ24	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
304	テホ725	テホコ25	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
305	テホ726	テホコ26	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
306	テホ727	テホコ27	?	?	ALCo-Pittsburgh	1918
-	テホ728	テホコ28	KNR	터우5-28	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ729	テホコ29	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ730	テホコ30	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ731	テホコ31	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ732	テホコ32	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ733	テホコ33	KNR	터우5-33	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ734	テホコ34	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ735	テホコ35	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
-	テホ736	テホコ36	?	?	Shahekou	1918–19
Total							36

References

1. Byeon, Seong-u (1999). 한국철도차량 100년사 [Korean Railways Rolling Stock Centennial] (in Korean). Seoul: Korea Rolling Stock Technical Corp.
2. Colvin, Fred H. (1906). The railroad pocket-book: a quick reference cyclopedia of railroad information. New York, Derry-Collard; London, Locomotive Publishing Company (US-UK co-edition). p. L‑9.
3. "Korean National RR TW-1 4-6-0". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
4. "Korean National RR Class TW5 4-6-0s". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
5. "철또군이 들려주는 이야기 : 네이버 블로그" Check |url= value (help). korail0918.blog.me.