Sentetsu Tehoni-class locomotive

The Tehoni-class (テホニ) locomotives were a class of steam tender locomotives of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement.[1] The "Teho" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement were called "Ten Wheeler".[2]

Gyeongbu Railway 200 series Chosen Government Railway Tehoni class (テホニ) Korean National Railroad Teou2 class (터우2) Korean State Railway Tŏudu class (더우두)
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder Baldwin, Brooks Build date 1906–1909 Total produced 15 (Baldwin) 6 (Brooks)
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-6-0 Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in) Driver dia. 1,680 mm (66 in) Length 17,765 mm (58 ft 3.4 in) Width 2,972 mm (9 ft 9.0 in) Height 4,232 mm (13 ft 10.6 in) Loco weight 67.16 t (66.10 long tons) Tender weight 41.57 t (40.91 long tons) Fuel capacity 4.50 t (4.43 long tons) Water cap 15,100 L (4,000 US gal) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 4.36 m^2 (46.9 sq ft) Boiler: ​  • Small tubes 310 x 57 mm (2.2 in)  • Large tubes 24 x 137 mm (5.4 in) Boiler pressure 12.6 kgf/cm^2 (179 psi) Heating surface 170.80 m^2 (1,838.5 sq ft)  • Tubes 158.80 m^2 (1,709.3 sq ft)  • Firebox 12.00 m^2 (129.2 sq ft) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 46.30 m^2 (498.4 sq ft) Cylinders 1 Cylinder size 510 mm × 660 mm (20 in × 26 in) Valve gear Stephenson
Performance figures Maximum speed 95 km/h (59 mph) Tractive effort 111.0 kN (25,000 lbf)
Career Operators Gyeongbu Railway Chosen Government Railway Korean National Railroad Korean State Railway Class GR: 200 srs Sentetsu: テホニ KNR: 터우2 KSR: 더우두 Number in class 6 Numbers GR: 201–206 Sentetsu: テホニ1–テホニ21 Delivered 1906–1909
Data is for 1929 rebuilds.

After the Liberation of Korea, of the 178 surviving locomotives of all Teho classes - including six previously owned by private railway companies - 106 went to the Korean National Railroad in the South, and 72 to the Korean State Railway in the North.[3]

Description

The テホニ (Tehoni) class was a class of single-cylinder 4-6-0 locomotives for mainline use built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works and the Brooks Locomotive Works of the United States between 1906 and 1909, originally for the Gyeongbu Railway, and later operated by the Chosen Government Railway.[1] Like all Teho-type locomotives operated by Sentetsu, they had driving wheels of 1,680 mm (66 in) and a top speed of 95 km/h (59 mph).[1]

Gyeongbu Railway 200 series

Needing more locomotives for medium-duty passenger operations on both main and branchlines, the Gyeongbu Railway once again turned to Baldwin of the United States, ordering a total of twelve 4-6-0 tender locomotives in 1906. Six of these were six were single-cylinder locomotives and the other six were two-cylinder Vauclain compounds which were delivered in knockdown form and assembled at the railway's shops in Busan.[1] Numbered 201–206, they were not long in operation with the Gyeongbu Railway, as the company was nationalised in July 1906 and folded into the newly formed National Railway, which became Sentetsu in 1910, in September of that year.[4]

Chosen Government Railway テホニ (Tehoni) class

After being taken over by Sentetsu, another nine were delivered from Baldwin in 1908, followed by a further six from Brooks in 1909.[1] They were put to use on mainline passenger trains, but as more powerful types were introduced, they were gradually relegated to branchline duties and freight trains. In 1918 they were renumbered 611–631, and between 1930 and 1935 they were rebuilt with superheaters.[5] In Sentetsu's general renumbering of 1938, they were designated テホニ (Tehoni) class and numbered テホニ1 through テホニ21.[5] This design became the basic pattern followed by subsequent Teho classes.[1]

Postwar

Korean National Railroad 터우2 (Teou2) class

The exact dispersal of the twenty-one Tehosa-class locomotives after the partition of Korea in 1945 and the division of Sentetsu assets in 1947 is uncertain, but at least nine went to the South, where the Korean National Railroad designated them 터우2 (Teou2) class.[1] They were used by the KNR primarily on local passenger trains and commuter trains.[5]

Korean State Railway 더우두 (Tŏudu) class

Those that went to the North were designated 더우두 (Tŏudu) class by the Korean State Railway, but little is known of their service lives and subsequent fates.

Construction

	Sentetsu running number		Postwar
Original number	1918–1938	1938–1945	Owner	Number	Builder	Year	Notes
201	テホ611	テホニ1	?	?	Baldwin	1906
202	テホ612	テホニ2	KNR	터우1-2	Baldwin	1906
203	テホ613	テホニ3	?	?	Baldwin	1906
204	テホ614	テホニ4	KNR	터우1-4	Baldwin	1906
205	テホ615	テホニ5	?	?	Baldwin	1906
206	テホ616	テホニ6	KNR	터우1-6	Baldwin	1906	Rebuilt at the Gyeongseong Works in 1933.
207	テホ617	テホニ7	KNR	터우1-7	Baldwin	1908	Derelict by 1953.
208	テホ618	テホニ8	KNR	터우1-8	Baldwin	1908
209	テホ619	テホニ9	KNR	터우1-9	Baldwin	1908	Derelict by 1954.
210	テホ620	テホニ10	?	?	Baldwin	1908
211	テホ621	テホニ11	KNR	터우1-11	Baldwin	1908
212	テホ622	テホニ12	KNR	터우1-12	Baldwin	1908	Rebuilt at the Gyeongseong Works in 1935.
213	テホ623	テホニ13	?	?	Baldwin	1908
214	テホ624	テホニ14	KNR	터우1-14	Baldwin	1908
215	テホ625	テホニ15	?	?	Baldwin	1908
216	テホ626	テホニ16	?	?	Brooks	1909
217	テホ627	テホニ17	?	?	Brooks	1909
218	テホ628	テホニ18	?	?	Brooks	1909
219	テホ629	テホニ19	?	?	Brooks	1909
220	テホ630	テホニ20	?	?	Brooks	1909
221	テホ631	テホニ21	?	?	Brooks	1909
Total							21

References

1. Byeon, Seong-u (1999). 한국철도차량 100년사 [Korean Railways Rolling Stock Centennial] (in Korean). Seoul: Korea Rolling Stock Technical Corp.
2. Colvin, Fred H. (1906). The railroad pocket-book: a quick reference cyclopedia of railroad information. New York, Derry-Collard; London, Locomotive Publishing Company (US-UK co-edition). p. L‑9.
3. "Korean National RR TW-1 4-6-0". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
4. Kokubu, Hayato (2007). 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō) (in Japanese). Shinchosha. p. 69. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6.
5. "Korean National RR Class TW2 4-6-0s". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.