Sainte-Maxime

Sainte-Maxime (pronounced [sɛ̃t maksim]; Provençal: Santa Maxima) is a commune and city in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on the French Riviera (Côte d'Azur) in southeastern France 90 km (56 mi) west from Nice and 130 km (81 mi) east from Marseille.

Sainte-Maxime
Commune
The church of Sainte-Maxime at night
Coat of arms
Location of Sainte-Maxime
Sainte-Maxime
Sainte-Maxime
Coordinates: 43°18′32″N 6°38′06″E
CountryFrance
RegionProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
DepartmentVar
ArrondissementDraguignan
CantonSainte-Maxime
Area
1
81.61 km2 (31.51 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
13,968
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
83115 /83120
Elevation0–532 m (0–1,745 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Village

The town faces southward on the northern shore of the Gulf of Saint-Tropez. In the north the Massif des Maures mountain range protects it from the cold winds of the mistral. Sainte Maxime was founded around 1000 AD by monks from the Lérins Islands outside Cannes. They built a monastery and named the village after Saint Maxime. Fishing was the economic mainstay for the inhabitants but during the early 19th century increasing amounts of lumber, cork, olive oil, and wine were shipped to Marseilles and to Italy.[2] The village grew and in the 20th century began to attract artists, poets, and writers who enjoyed the climate, the beautiful surroundings, and the azure blue water. In front of the old town is the characteristic tower - La Tour Carrée - built by the monks in the early 16th century to protect the village from invaders. With an addition of a battery of cannons and with the Tour du Portalet in Saint Tropez the whole bay was protected. As late as in the beginning of the 19th century, Napoleon ordered a restoration of the battery while also adding cannons on the Lérins Islands. The tower is now a museum.

On August 15, 1944, the beach of Sainte Maxime was at the centre of Operation Dragoon, the invasion and liberation of southern France during World War II. "Attack Force Delta", based around the 45th Division, landed at Sainte Maxime.[3] After fierce house-to-house fighting the Germans were defeated and eventually surrendered.[4] By the foot of the Harbour pier and by La Garonette beach in the far east of the commune, memorials at the respective landing places honor the US troops. At La Garonette beach, but formally in Les Issambres, (Roquebrune-sur-Argens commune), the sailing centre is named La Batterie, as it was the location of a German artillery battery.

Tourism is the largest source of revenue for Sainte Maxime nowadays, but the town remains lively all year round with 13 519 inhabitants in 2007. There is the old town with shops, markets, restaurants, bars and cafés, opposite the harbour. On the pier are marine shops and an upscale restaurant, and also fast boat transportation with Les Bateaux Verts to Les Issambres, St Tropez and Port Grimaud. There is a shoreline promenade with parks, pine trees, boulodrome Prince Bertil, the tourist office and the city beaches, as well as a casino with its own piece of white sand.

In addition to the city beaches, there are the Blue Flag-certified supervised ones. On the west side, The Croisette has a sailing school. On the east side of the town are La Nartelle, La Plage des Eléphants and La Garonette (also called Val D'Esquieres), which all provide water-skiing and jet-skiing activities. In addition, there are several smaller beaches that are unsupervised, for a total of 10 km of publicly accessible shoreline. There are eight golf courses within a 30 minute radius by car.

Notable people

Jean de Brunhoff, the author of the Babar books, lived in Sainte-Maxime for some time and here created the first book. One of the beaches – La Plage des Eléphants – is named after the famous blue elephant.

The Swedish Royal Family (of the Bernadotte dynasty) owns a villa - Mirage - in the central area of the city.[5] It was originally acquired by Prince Bertil in 1946 as a second home for himself and his - at that time - unofficial life partner Lilian Davies (later Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland). The central and ocean facing boulodrome in Sainte-Maxime is named after the prince, as he was a regular player who appreciated the uncomplicated and warm reception of the village locals.

Raoul Nordling was the Swedish consul in Paris 1944 that made great efforts to save Paris and its citizens during the late phase of the Second World War. He persuaded General Choltitz to disobey Hitler's orders to destroy the French capital and many lives were saved before General Eisenhover approved General Leclerc and de Gaulle to re-enter the city.[6] Norling had a house in Sainte-Maxime Le Mas du Gay Savoir and was also named an honorary citizen. Part of the road to Grimaud is named after him.

Léon Gaumont was a French inventor, engineer, and industrialist who was a pioneer of the motion picture industry. Léon Gaumont often stayed in Sainte Maxime where he owned a castle - Les Tourelles - built circa 1883. This residence served as a backdrop for several films including Judex conducted in 1916 by Louis Feuillade that was shot in part in Sainte-Maxime.[7] The castle – with new buildings – is now a holiday resort.[8] Léon Gaumont died in Sainte-Maxime 1946.

Paul Géraldy or Paul Lefevre (1885–1983) was a French poet and playwright. He had a house in Sainte-Maxime named Toi et moi (You and me) which took its name from his second book (which was his breakthrough). The house is located east of the village above the Madrague beach and now split into apartments.

Victor Margueritte (1866–1942) was a French novelist and a frequent guest in Sainte-Maxime. Around 1920, he bought and developed a large property - La Madrague - which stretched from the sea and climbed to the top of the Colline Meinier magnificently facing south.[9] The writer lived in his tower with his wife until 1938.

Michel Constantin (1924–2003) was a French movie actor. He was a frequent guest in Sainte-Maxime where he owned a villa at Beauvallon.

  • The art deco building "Les Sirènes", built in 1929.
  • La Croisette Beach.
  • Stores and restaurants next to the Promenade Simon Lorière.
  • The gardens of the Château Léon Gaumont hotel.
  • A view of the city from above with the Gulf of Saint-Tropez beyond.
  • Sainte-Maxime Marina.
  • The Hotel Château Léon Gaumont

Sister cities

Sainte-Maxime is twinned with:

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gollark: > Any “dibs” you make may be transferred to us at our discretion. You agree that this statement is false.
gollark: https://osmarks.tk/p3.html#4-8

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Ministère des travaux publics (1899). Ports maritimes de la France. France: Imprimerie nationale. p. 895.
  3. Wiltse, Charles M. (1965). "Chapter X: The Invasion of Southern France". United States Army in World War II. The Medical Department. Medical Service in the Mediterranean and Minor Theaters. Washington, D.C.: Office Of The Chief of Military History. p. 379.
  4. Morison, Samuel Eliot. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. 11.
  5. "HM King Carl XVI Gustaf - Interests". Sveriges Kungahus. 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  6. "1944: Paris is liberated as Germans surrender". BBC News. London: BBC. 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  7. Vincendeau, Ginette. The companion to French cinema.
  8. "Les Tourelles of today". lestourelles.fr (in French). 2014. Archived from the original on 5 February 2013. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  9. Vigato, Jean-Claude. L'architecture régionaliste: France, 1890-1950. Institut français d'architecture. p. 171.
  • INSEE Official French Statistics
  • The summary historic information is obtained from the village museum La Tour Carrée and from official Tourist Office documentation.
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