Rift lake

A rift lake is a lake formed as a result of subsidence related to movement on faults within a rift zone, an area of extensional tectonics in the continental crust. They are often found within rift valleys and may be very deep. Rift lakes may be bounded by large steep cliffs along the fault margins.

Faulted southeastern side of Svyatoy Nos peninsula, Lake Baikal – active faulting shown by faceted spurs.

Artificial rendering of the Albertine Rift showing four of its rift lakes

Examples

• Lake Baikal, in Siberia
• Lake Balaton, in Hungary
• The Dead Sea, on the border of Israel, Palestine and Jordan, a pull-apart basin, formed along the Dead Sea Transform.
• Ebi Lake in China at the Dzungarian Gate on the border with Kazakhstan
• Lake Elsinore, in the Elsinore Trough in Southern California
• Lake Hazar, in Turkey
• Lake Idaho, a Pliocene rift lake in Idaho
• Lake Khuvsgul, northern Mongolia
• Limagne, an infilled Paleogene rift lake in France
• Lake Lockatong, a rift lake of Triassic age, formed in the Newark Basin.[1]
• Lake Malawi, part of East African Rift
• The Orcadian Basin, in northern Scotland, had rift lakes that formed during the Middle Devonian.[2]
• Rift Valley lakes, eastern Africa
• The Salton Sea, in Southern California
• Lake Tanganyika, part of Albertine Rift
• Lake Vostok, in Antarctica, may have formed in a rift setting[3]
• Þingvallavatn, in Iceland

References

1. Stones of Princeton
2. Marshall, J.E.A. & Hewett, A.J. 2003. Devonian. In: Evans, D., Graham, C., Armour, A. & Bathurst, P. (eds): The Millennium Atlas: petroleum geology of the central and northern North Sea. London, the Geological Society of London, 65–81.
3. Lake Vostok Workshop (1998). "Lake Vostok: A Curiosity or a Focus for Interdisciplinary Study?" (PDF). p. 83. Retrieved 29 January 2010.