Raipur
Raipur (/ˈraɪpʊr/
Raipur | |
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![]() ![]() Top to Bottom:Shri Sarvdharm Hanuman temple in Raipur Railway Station, statues exhibiting Chhattisgarhi 'Dangchagha' folk dance in Purkhoti Muktangan Park, Raipur Airport | |
![]() ![]() Raipur ![]() ![]() Raipur | |
Coordinates: 21.25°N 81.63°E | |
Country | India |
State | Chhattisgarh |
District | Raipur |
Government | |
• Type | Municipal Corporation |
• Body | Raipur Municipal Corporation
Raipur Development Authority (RDA) Naya Raipur Development Authority (NRDA) |
• Mayor | Aijaz Dhebar (INC) |
• District Collector | Dr. S. Bharathidasan (IAS) |
• Senior Superintendent of Police | Arif Shaikh (IPS) |
• Member of Parliament | Sunil Kumar Soni |
• Municipal Commissioner | Saurabh Kumar (IAS) |
Area | |
• Metropolis | 226 km2 (87 sq mi) |
Elevation | 298.15 m (978.18 ft) |
Population (2011)[1] | |
• Metropolis | 1,010,087 |
• Rank | India : 45th Chhattisgarh : 1st |
• Density | 4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi) |
• Metro | 1,122,555 |
Demonym(s) | Raipurians / Raipurya |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 492001-22, 493111-211 |
Vehicle registration | CG-04 |
UN/LOCODE | IN RPR |
Website | www |
History
The earliest archaeological evidence from old sites and ruins of fort indicate the existence of Raipur since the 9th century. However, there are enough literary evidences which define the history of Raipur since the time of the Maurya Empire. Raipur district was once part of Southern Kosal and considered to be under the Maurya Empire. Raipur had later been the capital of the Haihaya Kings, controlling the traditional forts of Chhattisgarh for a long time. Satawahana Kings ruled this part till the 2nd-3rd century AD. Samudragupta had conquered this region in the fourth century, but the region came under the sway of Sarabhpuri Kings and then Nala Kings in 5th and 6th centuries. Later on Somavanshi kings had taken the control over this region and ruled with Sirpur as their capital city. The Kalchuri Kings of Tumman ruled this part for a long time making Ratanpur as capital. It is believed that the King Ramachandra of this dynasty established the city of Raipur and subsequently made it the capital of his kingdom.[6]
Another story about Raipur is that King Ramachandra's son Brahmdeo Rai had established Raipur. His capital was Khalwatika (now Khallari). The newly constructed city was named after Brahmdeo Rai as ‘Raipur’. It was during his time in 1402 A.D. that the temple of Hatkeshwar Mahadev was constructed on the banks of the river Kharun which still remains one of the oldest landmarks in Raipur. After the death of king Amarsingh Deo, this region had become the domain of Bhonsle Kings of Nagpur. With the death of Raghuji the III, the territory was assumed by the British government from Bhonsle's and Chhattisgarh was declared a separate Commission with its headquarters at Raipur in 1854. After independence, Raipur district was included in the Central Provinces and Berar. Raipur district became a part of Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956 and subsequently became a part of Chhattisgarh on 1 November 2000 with Raipur becoming the capital of the new state.[7]
Demographics
As of the 2011 census, Raipur Municipal Corporation had a population of 1,010,087, of which 519,286 are males and 490,801 are females —a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.[8] 124,471 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 64,522 are boys and 59,949 are girls —a ratio of 929 girls per 1000 boys. There are 769,593 literates (420,155 males, 349,438 females). The effective literacy was 86.90%; male literacy was 92.39% and female literacy was 81.10%, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.[1][9]
The urban agglomeration had a population of 1,122,555, of which males constitute 578,339, females constitute 544,216 —a sex ratio of 941 females per 1000 males and 142,826 children are in the age group of 0–6 years. There are a total of 846,952 literates with an effective literacy rate of 86.45%.[2]
Geography and climate
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Geography
Raipur is located near the centre of a large plain, sometimes referred as the "rice bowl of India", where hundreds of varieties of rice are grown.[10] The Mahanadi River flows to the east of the city of Raipur, and the southern side has dense forests. The Maikal Hills rise on the north-west of Raipur; on the north, the land rises and merges with the Chota Nagpur Plateau, which extends north-east across Jharkhand state. On the south of Raipur lies the Deccan Plateau.
Climate
Raipur has a tropical wet and dry climate, temperatures remain moderate throughout the year, except from March to June, which can be extremely hot. The temperature in April–May sometimes rises above 48 °C (118 °F). These summer months also have dry and hot winds. The city receives about 1,300 millimetres (51 in) of rain, mostly in the monsoon season from late June to early October. Winters last from November to January and are mild, although lows can fall to 5 °C (41 °F) making it reasonably cold.
Climate data for Raipur (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 36.5 (97.7) |
38.0 (100.4) |
43.3 (109.9) |
46.1 (115.0) |
47.9 (118.2) |
47.2 (117.0) |
41.2 (106.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
37.2 (99.0) |
37.9 (100.2) |
35.6 (96.1) |
32.4 (90.3) |
47.9 (118.2) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 31.5 (88.7) |
34.8 (94.6) |
39.8 (103.6) |
43.2 (109.8) |
45.2 (113.4) |
44.4 (111.9) |
36.1 (97.0) |
33.7 (92.7) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.7 (94.5) |
32.5 (90.5) |
30.8 (87.4) |
45.1 (113.2) |
Average high °C (°F) | 28.0 (82.4) |
30.9 (87.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
40.0 (104.0) |
41.9 (107.4) |
37.4 (99.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
30.6 (87.1) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
30.2 (86.4) |
28.2 (82.8) |
33.2 (91.8) |
Average low °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.1 (68.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
23.7 (74.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.4 (54.3) |
20.7 (69.3) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.7 (60.3) |
19.7 (67.5) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
16.8 (62.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
8.7 (47.7) |
Record low °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) |
5.0 (41.0) |
8.3 (46.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.1 (61.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.3 (64.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
8.3 (46.9) |
3.9 (39.0) |
3.9 (39.0) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 13.7 (0.54) |
13.4 (0.53) |
11.9 (0.47) |
8.9 (0.35) |
30.3 (1.19) |
221.1 (8.70) |
326.9 (12.87) |
299.9 (11.81) |
200.5 (7.89) |
50.4 (1.98) |
9.8 (0.39) |
6.6 (0.26) |
1,193.3 (46.98) |
Average rainy days | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 8.8 | 14.3 | 14.1 | 9.3 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 56.8 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 47 | 35 | 28 | 22 | 27 | 52 | 76 | 79 | 73 | 59 | 51 | 49 | 49 |
Source: India Meteorological Department[11][12] |
Transport
![](../I/m/Raipur_Railway_Station_Entrance.jpg)
Railways
Raipur Junction railway station is the primary railway station of the city which is situated on the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line of the Indian Railways (via Bhusawal, Nagpur, Gondia, Bilaspur, Rourkela, Kharagpur) and is connected with most major cities. Some small railway stations are also present here for local trains like Sarona, Saraswati Nagar and WRS Colony railway stations.They also lie on same Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line.
Airport
Swami Vivekananda Airport or Mana Airport is primary airport serving the state of Chhattisgarh. The airport is located, 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Raipur near Naya Raipur.
List of Mayors
Term of office | Name | Party | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
07.01.2020 Till Date | Aijaz Dhebar | Indian National Congress | |
07.01.2015 07.01.2020 | Pramod Dubey | Indian National Congress | |
05.01.2010 07.01.2015 | Kiranmayi Nayak | Indian National Congress | |
05.01.2004 05.01.2010 | Sunil Kumar Soni | BJP | |
04.01.2000 25.12.2003 | Tarun Prasad Chatterjee | Indian National Congress | |
05.01.1995 04.01.2000 | Balbeer Juneja | Indian National Congress | |
27.02.1985 04.01.1995 | Administrator | ||
11.09.1984 26.02.1985 | Santosh Agrawal | Indian National Congress | |
27.02.1983 10.09.1984 | Tarun Prasad chatterjee | Indian National Congress | |
27.02.1982 26.02.1983 | Swaroop Chand Jain | Indian National Congress | |
27.02.1981 27.02.1982 | S.R.Murthi | Indian National Congress | |
27.02.1980 27.02.1981 | Swaroop Chand Jain | Indian National Congress |
Education
Raipur has become a big educational hub of Chhattisgarh due to the presence of many institutes of national importance in engineering, management, medical and law. It is the only city in India which is home to IIM, NIT, AIIMS, Hidayatullah National Law University (HNLU), and IIIT.[13]
![](../I/m/Rajkumar_College_Raipur.jpg)
Premier institutes
- Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Raipur
- Hidayatullah National Law University
- National Institute of Technology (NIT) Raipur
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Raipur
- International Institute of Information Technology, Naya Raipur
- National Institute of Malaria Research
Government universities
- Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University
- Indira Gandhi Agricultural University
- Kushabhau Thakre Patrakarita Avam Jansanchar University
- Ayush & Health Sciences University Chhattisgarh
- Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya
- Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Private universities and deemed universities
- Amity University, Raipur
- ITM University, Raipur
- MATS University, Raipur
- ICFAI University, Raipur
- Kalinga University, Raipur
Commerce, engineering and management colleges
- Government Engineering College, Raipur (GEC, Raipur)
- Rungta College of Engineering and Technology, Raipur (RCET, Raipur)
- Rungta Engineering College, Raipur (REC, Raipur)
- Raipur Institute of Technology
- Disha Institute of Management and Technology, Raipur
- Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Professional Management and Technology, Raipur (SSIPMT)
- Pragati College of Engineering and Management
Primary and secondary education
- Holy Cross Senior Secondary School Kapa
- Rajkumar College, established 1882
- Ryan International School
- Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
Media
News channels
Many local news channels are telecast from Raipur in Hindi:
News channels | Language |
---|---|
CG 24 news channel CG | Hindi |
IBC 24 | Hindi |
Khabar Bharati | Hindi |
Grand News (Cable Network) | Hindi |
ETV MP Chhattisgarh | Hindi |
Sadhna News | Hindi |
Sahara Samaye | Hindi |
Zee MP CG | Hindi |
India News MP CG | Hindi |
Bansal News | Hindi |
Abhi Tak (Cable Network) | Hindi |
Inh News | Hindi |
Newspapers
Many national and local newspapers are published from Raipur both in Hindi and English:
Newspaper | Language |
---|---|
Dainik Bhaskar | Hindi |
Dainik Vishwa Pariwar | Hindi |
Patrika | Hindi |
Nava Bharat | Hindi |
Deshbandhu | Hindi |
Nai Duniya | Hindi |
Haribhoomi | Hindi |
The Times of India | English |
The Central Chronicle | English |
Hindustan Times | English |
Hindustan | Hindi |
The Hitavada | English |
The Pioneer | English |
Business Standard | English, Hindi |
Business Bhaskar | English, Hindi |
Radio
Raipur city has five FM Radio Stations -
Frequency Modulation | Channel | Slogan |
---|---|---|
94.3 FM | MY FM | Jio Dil Se |
95.0 FM | FM Tadka | Sound's Good |
98.3 FM | Radio Mirchi | Mirchi Sunane Wale Always Khush |
101.6 FM | All India Radio Raipur & Vividh Bharti | Desh Ki Surili Dhadkan |
104.8 FM | Radio Rangila | Jamm ke suno |
Notable people
- Abdul Qadir Raipuri, a spiritual reformer and well known guide of Islam.
- Anurag Basu, noted Bollywood movie director, was born in Raipur and later moved to the neighboring city of Bhilai.
- Habib Tanvir, noted theater artist and playwright, was born in Raipur in 1923.
- Harinath De, Indian historian, scholar and a polyglot, later became the first Indian librarian of the National Library of India (then Imperial Library) spent his childhood and did his initial schooling in Raipur.
- Harshad Mehta, infamous stock broker, spent his childhood in Raipur after his parents moved here from Mumbai.
- K. S. Sudarshan, former chief of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, was born in Raipur in 1931.
- Lucky Ali, noted Bollywood singer/composer/actor did a part of his schooling from Rajkumar College, Raipur[14]
- Mohammad Hidayatullah, former Chief Justice of India and former acting president of India, received his primary education at the Government High School of Raipur until 1922.
- Ravishankar Shukla, the first Chief Minister of the state of Madhya Pradesh, spent his childhood and was educated in Raipur.
- Shekhar Sen, world-famous musical monoact player, born and raised in Raipur.
- Swami Vivekananda spent two years of his teenage in Raipur from 1877 till 1879 when his father was transferred here.[15]Swami Vivekananda spent 2 years of his teenage in this building at Raipur
- Teejan Bai, famous traditional performing artist for Pandavani.
- Vallabhacharya, a Hindu theologian and philosopher was born in the village of Champaran about 60 km (37 mi) away from Raipur in 1479
- Veer Narayan Singh,[16][17] freedom fighter, he was jailed at Raipur by the British Army.
- Vidya Charan Shukla, former Union Minister and a nine-term parliamentarian, was born in Raipur
See also
References
- "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, Census 2011" (PDF). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
- "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). censusindia. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
- Ajit Kumar Jha (8 July 2018). "Credible Chhattisgarh". State of the States. India Today. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via INDIATODAY.IN.
- "AP, ODISHA & Madhya Pradesh Bag award of Three Best Performing States In "Ease of Living Index"". pib.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
- Pioneer, The. "Raipur beats Indore, Bhopal in Ease of living Index". The Pioneer. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
- "Raipur Heritage and History". raipur-heritage.mapunity.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2019.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- "Chhattisgarh Details, Chhattisgarh Online, Chhattisgarh Information, Chhattisgarh State". Walkincg.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
- "Station: Raipur Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 643–644. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
- "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M44. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Songs of Lucky Ali Bollywood Songs". Jhunkar.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
- "Reminiscences of Swami Vivekananda – Frank Parlato Jr. - Bhupendranath Datta". Vivekananda.net. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
- "EXECUTION OF VEER NARAYAN SINGH". indianpost.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
- Veer Narayan Singh
External links
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