Quba District (Azerbaijan)

Quba (Azerbaijani: Quba rayonu, Lezgian: Къуба район) is a rayon in northeastern Azerbaijan. The capital, Quba, is located on the Qudyal River at 41.37°N, 48.50°E.

For other meanings, see Guba (disambiguation). For the country, see Cuba.
Quba
Rayon
Azerbaijani: Quba rayonu
The arch bridge over the Qudyalçay connecting Quba (left) and Qırmızı Qəsəbə (right)
Map of Azerbaijan showing Quba Rayon
Coordinates: 41°22′12″N 48°30′00″E
Country Azerbaijan
CapitalQuba
Area
 • Total2,610 km2 (1,010 sq mi)
Population
 (2018)[2]
 • Total170,000
 • Density65/km2 (170/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+4 (AZT)
Postal code
4000
Telephone code(+994) 23[3]
Websitewww.quba-ih.gov.az
Zeikhur Caucasian rug from Quba District, made circa 1870

The fertile region surrounding Quba is best known for its production of apples and the city area of Quba is known for its fine carpets.

History

Quba rose to prominence in the 18th century. In 1747, Nader Shah ruler of the Persian Empire was assassinated. That same year, Hussein-Ali, the Shah's designated ruler of the region, decided to attempt to unify the Azeri khanates as an independent kingdom. One of his first moves was to relocate his capital from the less defensible Xudat in the Caspian lowlands to Quba where he built a fortress. Hussein-Ali died in 1757 and his son Fatali Khan carried on the expansion with Quba reaping the riches of its status as the capital. Some ruins from this period, such as Çirax Qala on the way to Baku, exist today.

However, upon Fatali Khan's death in 1789, the city's fortunes began to turn. In 1806, the khanate was occupied and soon absorbed by the Russian Empire. As a result, the city fell into the background of Azerbaijani history and politics.

The city is home to several historic buildings, including the Juma Mosque (Cuma Məscid or Friday Mosque), Ardabil Mosque (Ərdəbil Məscid) and old hamman (baths).

The region is home to Azerbaijan's largest community of Mountain Jews in the community of Qırmızı Qəsəbə (formerly in Russian: Krasnaya Sloboda, English: Red Town), located just across the river from Quba City.

Agriculture of Quba

Guba region has been known for its fruitful gardens since the Soviet era. According to the annual report of the Azerbaijan Statistical Committee, the apple orchards in the Guba-Khachmaz economic region covers nearly 22,000 hectares. About 14,000 hectares of these are in the Guba district.[4][5]

Apple festival
Main article: Quba Apple Festival

Since 2012, every year an apple festival is held in Guba. Compositions, national dances reflecting Azerbaijani custom and traditions, different types of apples, sweets and drinks prepared from apple are demonstrated at the ceremony. Various competitions are held among the gardeners at the "Apple Festival".[5]

Information on historical and architectural monuments

Ancient Guba contains at least 134 historical and archeological monuments. These include the temple of Fire-worshippers near Khynalyg village, tombs of Aghbil village dating back to the 16th century, the Mosques Sakinekhanum, Hadjy Djafar and Djuma of Guba which dates back to the 19th century, and the Gumbezli bath house.

In the district, there is a bust of the state official A.A. Bakikhanov, the statue of poet Samed Vurghun and a statue of the Soldier, dedicated to the memory of those killed in the Great Patriotic War.

Demographics

Azerbaijanis (All parts of district) - 79.22%, Tats (Southern parts) - 9.10% and Lezgians (Northwestern parts) - 5.87 % are the largest ethnic groups of Quba District. Khinalugs (1.43%) are living in the village of Khinalug.[6] Buduq(All parts of district)-65%-(Budukh)

Ethnic

group

 27 January-3 February 1999 Census [7] 13-22 April 2009 Census [8]
Population % Population %
Total 136 845 100.00 152 452 100.00
Azerbaijanis 120 502 88.06 98 774 62.22
Khinalug 2 177 1.43
Qriz 778 0.51
Tat People 1 088 0.80 13 880 9,1
Lezgins 9 312 6.80 8 952 5.87
Jews 2 819 2.06 2 705 1.77
Turkish people 2 615 1.91 2 159 1.42
Russians 321 0.23 135 0.09
Tatars 85 0.06 63 0.04
Ukrainians 32 0.02 13 0.01
Talysh people 10
Georgians 14 0.01 5 0.00
Armenians 7 0.01
Others 50 0.04 801 0.53

Languages

Population

According to the Statistical Committee of the Republic, the number total of the population was 137,8 thousand in 2000. This figure increased by approximately 32.2 thousand and reached 170 thousand In 2018.[9]

Population of region (at the beginning of the year, thsd. persons) [9]
Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Guba region 137,8 139,1 140,0 141,0 142,0 143,8 146,1 148,6 150,7 152,0 153,6 155,6 157,6 159,3 161,4 163,9 166,2 168,4 170,0
urban population 26,9 27,0 27,1 27,2 31,5 31,8 32,2 32,3 37,7 37,9 38,1 38,4 38,7 38,8 39,0 39,4 39,8 40,2 40,4
rural population 110,9 112,1 112,9 113,8 110,5 112,0 113,9 116,3 113,0 114,1 115,5 117,2 118,9 120,5 122,4 124,5 126,4 128,2 129,6

General information
General information
Total territory, [km2] 2,610.00
Total number of population 143,100
Number of villages 155
Number of settlements 2
Number of hospitals and medical enterprises 16
Number of culture centers 194

Healthcare

There are Central hospital, Regional Perinatal Center, regional Diagnostic center of Guba, rehabilitation centers, center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Guba Branch of the Scientific Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology named after B. Eyvazov, 91 medical stations.[10]

Names of cities and big settlements
Cities and big settlements Typies Population (2009 Census)[11]
Quba city 23652
Zərdabi municipality and village 4002
Qırmızı Qəsəbə settlement 3252
Barlı municipality and village 1715
Bağbanlı municipality and village 1648
Qaraçay municipality and village 1642
Qonaqkənd municipality and village 1615

Education

There are 155 educational institutions, 135 secondary schools, 15 preschools and 5 kindergartens in the district. There is also a branch of the Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Guba Social-Economic College, Medical College, Vocational High School, Private Vocational School.[12]

Names of border districts, countries and territories

Ismailly, Shamakhi, Gabala, Qusar, Khachmaz, Devechi, Khizi

Noted residents
  • Abbasgulu Bakikhanov (also spelled Bakixanov or Bakikhanli), a 19th-century writer, historian and philosopher, is one of the most well known men in Azerbaijan and lived in village of Amsar located in 6 km far from Quba city. His museum is located Quba city.
  • Sakina Akhundzadeh, playwright, was born here in 1865
  • Cliffs above Afurja, near Quba
  • Mountain road in Gechresh
  • River in Gechresh
  • Road to the village of Khinaliq
  • Mountains in Khinalug
  • Jek people, 20 August 2012.
gollark: ddg!eso Turi
gollark: https://esolangs.org/wiki/!lyricly%E2%98%ADdemote%E2%98%ADestablish%E2%98%ADcommunism! is interesting enough, surely.
gollark: Hmm, that's neat.
gollark: SPUDNET is not an esolang.
gollark: I'm busy on SPUDNET.

References
  1. Äliyev, redaksiya heyätinin sädri, Ilham Heydär oğlu (2007). Azärbaycan : Azärbaycan milli ensiklopediyası. Bakı: "Azärbaycan Milli Ensiklopediyası" Elmi märkäzi. ISBN 9789952441017.
  2. "Əhalisi". Quba Rayon İcra Hakimi. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  3. "Şəhərlərarası telefon kodları". Aztelekom MMC. Aztelekom İB. Retrieved 19 August 2015. (in Azerbaijani)
  4. "The data on regions -> Agricultural yield: Apple orchards – total area".
  5. "Desa Mungil di Azerbaijan Ini Dipenuhi Kebun Hijau - Uzone". Retrieved 2018-08-11.
  6. "Population statistics of Eastern Europe: Ethnic composition of Azerbaijan by 1999 census".
  7. "Population statistics of Eastern Europe: Ethnic composition of Azerbaijan by 1999 census".
  8. "Population statistics of Eastern Europe: Ethnic composition of Azerbaijan by 1999 census".
  9. "Political division, population size and structure: Population by towns and regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan".
  10. "Healhcare of Quba".
  11. "Quba - Xaçmaz iqtisadi rayonu - Quba rayonu".
  12. "Education of Quba".
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