Pteronisculus

Pteronisculus is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Early Triassic and Middle Triassic epochs of the Triassic period. The preoccupied genus name "Glaucolepis" Stensiö, 1921 (non Glaucolepis Braun, 1917) is a synonym of Pteronisculus White, 1933.[3]

Pteronisculus
Pteronisculus fossil at the Geological Museum, Copenhagen
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Subphylum:
Vertebrata
Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
Superclass:
Osteichthyes
Class:
Actinopterygii
Subclass:
Chondrostei
Order:
†Palaeonisciformes[2]
Family:
†Turseoidae?
Genus:
†Pteronisculus

White, 1933
Type species
†Pteronisculus cicatrosus
White, 1933
Other species
  • †Pteronisculus gyrolepidoides
  • †Pteronisculus arcticus
  • †Pteronisculus stensioi
  • †Pteronisculus gunnari
  • †Pteronisculus magnus
  • †Pteronisculus aldingeri
  • †Pteronisculus macropterus
  • †Pteronisculus arambourgi
  • †Pteronisculus broughi
  • †Pteronisculus nielseni
  • †Pteronisculus nevadanus
Synonyms

Glaucolepis Stensiö, 1921

Pteronisculus was originally referred to the family Palaeoniscidae, but was removed due to differences to Palaeoniscum.[4] Based on similarities with Turseodus it was provisionally included in Turseoidae.[5] A synapomorphy of Pteronisculus and Turseodus is the tooth-bearing lachrymal.

Pteronisculus had a wide geographic range during the Early Triassic.[1] Fossils were collected in Greenland, Madagascar, Spitsbergen and the United States (possibly also British Columbia). From the Middle Triassic, it is only known from South China.[6][7] Its occurrence in the Permian of South Africa has been questioned. About 12 species have been described to date, ranging from 11 centimetres (0.36 ft) to 40 centimetres (1.3 ft) in length.

See also
  • Prehistoric fish
  • List of prehistoric bony fish

References
  1. Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  2. "Palaeonisciformes". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 19 Nov 2012.
  3. White, E. I. and Moy-Thomas, J. A. (1940): VII.—Notes on the nomenclature of fossil fishes. Part II. Homonyms D–L: Journal of Natural History 11:98–103
  4. Xu et al. (2014): Pteronisculus nielseni sp. nov., a new stem-actinopteran fish from the Middle Triassic of Luoping, Yunnan Province, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52:364-380 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guang-Hui_Xu3/publication/268485382_Pteronisculus_nielseni_sp_nov_a_new_stem-actinopteran_fish_from_the_Middle_Triassic_of_Luoping_Yunnan_Province_China/links/546c702b0cf257ec78ffec6a/Pteronisculus-nielseni-sp-nov-a-new-stem-actinopteran-fish-from-the-Middle-Triassic-of-Luoping-Yunnan-Province-China.pdf
  5. C. Romano, A. López-Arbarello, D. Ware, J. F. Jenks, and W. Brinkmann. 2019. Marine Early Triassic Actinopterygii from the Candelaria Hills (Esmeralda County, Nevada, USA). Journal of Paleontology 93:971-1000 https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2019.18
  6. C. Romano, A. López-Arbarello, D. Ware, J. F. Jenks, and W. Brinkmann. 2019. Marine Early Triassic Actinopterygii from the Candelaria Hills (Esmeralda County, Nevada, USA). Journal of Paleontology 93:971-1000 https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2019.18
  7. Xu et al. (2014): Pteronisculus nielseni sp. nov., a new stem-actinopteran fish from the Middle Triassic of Luoping, Yunnan Province, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52:364-380 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guang-Hui_Xu3/publication/268485382_Pteronisculus_nielseni_sp_nov_a_new_stem-actinopteran_fish_from_the_Middle_Triassic_of_Luoping_Yunnan_Province_China/links/546c702b0cf257ec78ffec6a/Pteronisculus-nielseni-sp-nov-a-new-stem-actinopteran-fish-from-the-Middle-Triassic-of-Luoping-Yunnan-Province-China.pdf


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