Praseodymium(III) sulfate

Praseodymium(III) sulfate
	; Praseodymium sulfate octahydrate
Names
	IUPAC name praseodymium(3+); trisulfate
	Other names Praseodymium sulphate, dipraseodymium trisulphate, praseodymium(III) sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	10277-44-8 ; 13510-41-3 (octahydrate);
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	145346 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.553
EC Number	233-622-8;
PubChem CID	165851; ; 25022097 (octahydrate);
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70890652 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3H2O4S.2Pr/c31-5(2,3)4;;/h3(H2,1,2,3,4);;/q;;;2+3/p-6 Key: HWZAHTVZMSRSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-H; InChI=1S/3H2O4S.8H2O.2Pr/c31-5(2,3)4;;;;;;;;;;/h3(H2,1,2,3, 4);81H2;;/q;;;;;;;;;;;2*+3/p-6 (octahydrate) Key: IJXLQIGVGZNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-H (octahyrate);
	SMILES [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Pr+3].[Pr+3]; ; O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-]. [Pr+3].[Pr+3] (octahyrate);
Properties
Chemical formula	Pr2(SO4)3 ; Pr2(SO4)3·nH2O, n=2,5,8
Molar mass	570.0031 g/mol; 714.12534 g/mol (octahydrate)
Appearance	green crystalline solid
Density	3.72 g/cm3[1]
Melting point	1,010 °C (1,850 °F; 1,280 K) (decomposes)[1]
Solubility in water	113.0 g/l (20 °C); 108.8 g/l (25 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+9660·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Main hazards	Xi
R-phrases (outdated)	36/37/38
S-phrases (outdated)	26–36
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Praseodymium carbonate; Praseodymium chloride
Other cations	Neodymium sulfate
Related compounds	Praseodymium(III) oxide; Praseodymium(III) sulfide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Praseodymium(III) sulfate is a praseodymium compound with formula Pr₂(SO₄)₃. It is an odourless whitish-green crystalline compound. The anhydrous substance readily absorbs water forming pentahydrate and octahydrate.[1]

Properties

Praseodymium sulfate is stable under standard conditions. At elevated temperatures, it gradually loses water and becomes more whitish. Like all rare earth sulfates, its solubility decreases with temperature, a property once used to separate it from other, non-rare earth compounds.

Pentahydrate and octahydrate have monoclinic crystal structures with densities of 3.713 and 2.813 g/cm³, respectively. The octahydrate crystals are optically biaxial, with refractive index components of n_α = 1.5399, n_β = 1.5494 and n_γ = 1.5607.[1] They belong to the space group C12/c1 (No. 15) and have lattice constants a = 1370.0(2) pm, b = 686.1(1) pm, c = 1845.3(2) pm, β = 102.80(1)° and Z = 4.[2]

Synthesis

Crystals of octahydrate can be grown from solution obtained by dissolving wet Pr₂O₃ powder with sulfuric acid. This procedure can be optimised by adding a few evaporation/dissolution steps involving organic chemicals.[2]

gollark: ```lisp (let (partition_rec xs pred acc) (cond ((= xs '()) acc) (true (partition_rec (tail xs) pred (cond ((pred (head xs)) (list (cons (head xs) (head acc)) (snd acc))) (true (list (head acc) (cons (head xs) (snd acc)))) ))) )) (let (qsort xs cont) (cond ((= xs '()) (cont '())) (true (do (let h (head xs)) (let t (tail xs)) (let part_result (partition_rec t (lambda (x) (< x h)) '(() ()))) (qsort (head part_result) (lambda (ls) (qsort (snd part_result) (lambda (rs) (cont (+ ls (list h) rs)))))) )) ))```These all have to be done tail recursively or it could overflow.

gollark: Continuation passing style quicksort in a hilariously slow interpreter.

gollark: It manages *1* second, which is great.

gollark: When writing osmarkslisp™, I cared about performance to the extent that it would sort a list of 200 integers in under 5 seconds.

gollark: `b"%s"`?

References

National Research Council (U.S.) (1919). Bulletin of the National Research Council. National Academies. pp. 3–. NAP:12020. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
Y.-Q. Zheng, Y.-J. Zhu and J.-L. Lin (2002). "Redeterminaton of the crystal structure of praseodymium sulfate octahydrate, Pr₂(SO₄)₃·8H₂O". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – New Crystal Structures. 217: 299–300. PDF copy

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[b1-1] National Research Council (U.S.) (1919). Bulletin of the National Research Council. National Academies. pp. 3–. NAP:12020. Retrieved 14 November 2011.

[j1-2] Y.-Q. Zheng, Y.-J. Zhu and J.-L. Lin (2002). "Redeterminaton of the crystal structure of praseodymium sulfate octahydrate, Pr₂(SO₄)₃·8H₂O". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – New Crystal Structures. 217: 299–300. PDF copy