Phidippus

Phidippus is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. Phidippus is distributed almost exclusively in North America, with the exception of two exported species (Phidippus audax and Phidippus regius).[1] As of 2004, there are 60 valid described species in the genus. Species previously described in Phidippus which are found in India and Bangladesh do not belong in this genus.[1]

For the suitor of Helen, see Phidippus (mythology).
Not to be confused with Phodopus.

Phidippus
Phidippus audax shows green chelicerae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Salticidae
Genus: Phidippus
C. L. Koch, 1846
Type species
Attus audax
Hentz, 1845
Species

See text.

Diversity
60 species

Name

The genus name is likely derived from Cicero's speech Pro Rege Deiotaro (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King Deiotaros.[2] Literally, the words means "one who spares horses" in Ancient Greek.[3]

The name for the jumping spider family, Salticidae, also comes from the verb "to jump" in Latin.

Accepted species

The genus Phidippus consists of the following 60 species:[4]

Misplaced species

In addition to the species above, several species have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edward's revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera.[1] These include:

  • Phidippus aeneidens Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru
  • Phidippus albocinctus Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
  • Phidippus bengalensis Tikader, 1977 – India
  • Phidippus bhimrakshiti Gajbe, 2004 – India
  • Phidippus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
  • Phidippus calcuttaensis Biswas, 1984 – India
  • Phidippus exlineae Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela
  • Phidippus guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
  • Phidippus hingstoni Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana
  • Phidippus khandalaensis Tikader, 1977 – India
  • Phidippus majumderi Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh
  • Phidippus punjabensis Tikader, 1974 – India
  • Phidippus tenuis Kraus, 1955 – El Salvador
  • Phidippus tirapensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India
  • Phidippus yashodharae Tikader, 1977 – Andaman Is.
  • Phidippus zebrinus Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina

Footnotes
  1. Edwards, G. B. (2004). pp. vii, 4–6.
  2. Cicero (45 BCE). "Pro Rege Deiotaro".
  3. Ubick et al. 2005
  4. Edwards, G. B. (2004). p. vii.
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References
  • Gardner, B.T. (1965): Observations on Three Species of Phidippus Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Psyche 72:133-147 PDF (P. californicus = P. coccineus, P. apacheanus, P. octopunctatus = P. opifex)
  • Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P.E. and Roth, V. (editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. American Arachnological Society ISBN 0-9771439-0-2
  • Edwards, G.B. (2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae). Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods 11: i-viii, 1-156, 350 figs.
  • Platnick, Norman I. (2009): The world spider catalog, version 9.5. American Museum of Natural History.

Videos
  • David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding female Phidippus audax – Video
  • David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spider Phidippus clarus – Video

Pictures
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