Osiek, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Osiek [ˈɔɕek] (listen) is a town in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,001 inhabitants (2010).[2][3][4] The town lies in Lesser Poland, along the National Road nr. 79, which goes from Warsaw to Bytom. Osiek is located 15 kilometers northeast of Połaniec, and 18 kilometers west of Tarnobrzeg, 180 meters above sea level. The town received Magdeburg rights in 1430, was stripped of the charter in 1869, and remained a village until 1 July 1994. Its main point of interest is St. Stanisław parish church, built in the late 17th century. Osiek has a rail station called Osiek Staszowski, on a secondary importance line which joins Tarnobrzeg with Włoszczowice.

Osiek
Town
Church of St. Stanislaus in Osiek
Coat of arms
Osiek
Coordinates: 50°31′12″N 21°26′34″E
Country	Poland
Voivodeship	Świętokrzyskie
County	Staszów
Gmina	Osiek
Town rights	1430
Area  (through the years 2008-2010)[1]
• Total	17.43 km^2 (6.73 sq mi)
Elevation	180 m (590 ft)
Population  (31 December 2010 at Census)[1]
• Total	2,001
• Density	110/km^2 (300/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	28-221
Area code(s)	+48 15
Car plates	TSZ

Osiek is one of the oldest towns in the region. According to legends, in 1020 King Bolesław Chrobry presented the village called Ossziek to the Benedictine Monastery at Święty Krzyż. In 1253 the name of the village was spelled Ossek. It belonged to Princes of Sandomierz, and had its own marketplace. In 1270, Osiek was the property of Prince Bolesław V the Chaste. Its residents took advantage of a favorable location, along a merchant route from Kraków, through Sandomierz and Lublin, to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Many Piast dynasty princes would stop here during their trips across the country. Osiek most likely was a fortified gord, and in the mid-14th century, King Kazimierz Wielki built (or strengthened) a local castle.

Osiek was burned in the Mongol invasion of Poland, but the village was quickly rebuilt. In 1430, King Władysław Jagiełło granted it the Magdeburg rights, allowing the town to organize weekly markets on Wednesdays. Osiek was a private town, owned by local szlachta families. It prospered during the Polish Golden Age, when it was part of the Sandomierz Voivodeship. In the second half of the 16th century, its population amounted to 1,000, with a number of guilds, such as bakers, butchers, blacksmiths, tailors, potmakers, and millers. Osiek had 100 houses, and a wooden parish church of St. Stanisław. The decline of the town was brought by the Swedish invasion of Poland (1655–1660). Like almost all Lesser Poland’s towns, Osiek was ransacked and burned, and never recovered from the destruction. Until the Partitions of Poland, it remained within borders of the Sandomierz Voivodeship, and since 1815, it was part of the Russian-controlled Congress Poland. The town further declined in the 19th century, losing its charter in 1869, after January Uprising.

Osiek was destroyed in both world wars, during the Invasion of Poland (September 1939), retreating units of the Polish Army fought here a battle with the Wehrmacht, in which app. 100 Poles died. As a result of World War I and World War II destruction, there are no other historic buildings in Osiek, except for the parish church.

Demographics

According to the 2011 Polish census, there were 2,001 people residing in Osiek, of whom 50% were male and 50% were female. In the town, the population consisted of 21.2% inhabitants under the age of 18; 38.6% between the age of 18 and 44; 23.6% from 45 to 64; and 16.6% residents who were 65 years of age or older.[1]

Figure 1. Population pyramid in 2010 — by age group and sex[1]

Table 1. Population level in 2010 — by sex[1]

SPECIFICATION						Measure unit	POPULATION (by sex in 2010)
							TOTAL	Males	Females
I.	TOTAL					person	2,001	1,000	1,001
	—	of which in				%	100	50	50
	1.	BY AGE GROUP
		A.	At pre-working age			person	425	215	210
			—	of which in		%	21.2	10.7	10.5
		B.	At working age, grand total			person	1,244	659	585
			—	of which in		%	62.2	33	29.2
			a.	at mobile working age		person	772	384	388
				—	of which in	%	38.6	19.2	19.4
			b.	at non-mobile working age		person	472	275	197
				—	of which in	%	23.6	13.8	9.8
		C.	At post-working age			person	332	126	206
			—	of which in		%	16.6	6.3	10.3

Table 2. Population level in 2010 — by age group[1]

SPECIFICATION					Measure unit	POPULATION (by age group in 2010)
						TOTAL	0-4	5-9	10-14	15-19	20-24	25-29	30-34	35-39	40-44	45-49	50-54	55-59	60-64	65-69	70-74	75-79	80-84	85 +
I.	TOTAL				person	2,001	116	81	141	145	143	151	157	150	113	141	150	128	101	81	61	58	50	34
	—	of which in			%	100	5.8	4	7	7.3	7.1	7.6	7.8	7.6	5.6	7	7.6	6.4	5	4	3	2.9	2.5	1.8
	1.	BY SEX
		A.	Males		person	1,000	55	44	77	65	67	82	79	80	50	77	82	63	53	47	21	17	24	17
			—	of which in	%	50	2.8	2.2	3.8	3.2	3.3	4.2	3.9	4.1	2.5	3.8	4.2	3.1	2.6	2.3	1	0.9	1.2	0.9
		B.	Females		person	1,001	61	37	64	80	76	69	78	70	63	64	68	65	48	34	40	41	26	17
			—	of which in	%	50	3	1.8	3.2	4.1	3.8	3.4	3.9	3.5	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.3	2.4	1.7	2	2	1.3	0.9

Former parts of town — physiographic objects

In the years 1970 of last age, sorted and prepared out list part of names of localities for Osiek, at as type of settlement then yet is a village, what you can see in table 3. Remaining not exchanged parts here are described in integral part of town Osiek now, in Osieczko.

Table 3. Index of official names of localities and physiographic objects[5]

Names of village — town	Names of part of village — town	Names of physiographic objects — nature of objects
I. Gromada OSIEK
Osiek	Dwór Gaj Osiecki Grabowiec Parysówka	Broźnia — forest Buchnia — field Chudyniówka (Chudzyniówka) — field Dołki — field Gaj Osiecki — field Grabowiec — field, forest Kacapówka — field, forest Kozłówka — meadow Ługi — field Nakielec — field Niwa — field Parysówka — field Pasierbowskie — field Pastwisko — meadow Pod Cmentarzem — field Pod Kierkutem — field Pod Wolą — field Podgórki — field Posusze — field Rzeka — brook Skotnia — field Stawiska — meadow Zagrądzie — field Zagroble — meadow, field Zagumnie — field

References

1. "Local Data Bank (Bank Danych Lokalnych) – Layout by NTS nomenclature (Układ wg klasyfikacji NTS)". demografia.stat.gov.pl: GUS. 10 March 2011.
2. Bielec, Jan (ed.); Szwałek, Stanisława (1981). Wykaz urzędowych nazw miejscowości w Polsce. T. II: K – P [List of official names of localities in Poland, Vol. II: K – P] (in Polish). Ministry of Administration, Spatial Economy and Environmental Protection (1st ed.). Warsaw, Poland: Central Statistical Office.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
3. Sitek, Janusz (1991). Nazwy geograficzne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej [Geographical names of the Republic of Poland] (in Polish). Ministry of Physical Planning and Construction, Surveyor General of Poland, Council of Ministers' Office, Commission for Establishing Names of Localities and Physiographical Objects (1st ed.). Warsaw, Poland: Eugeniusz Romer State Cartographical Publishing House. ISBN 83-7000-071-1.
4. "Osiek, miasto, gmina Osiek — miasto, powiat staszowski, województwo świętokrzyskie" [Osiek, town, Osiek Commune — urban area, Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Province, Poland]. Topographical map prepared in 1:10,000 scale. Aerial and satellite orthophotomap (in Polish). Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland, Warsaw. 2011. geoportal.gov.pl. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
5. Cf. Kaczmarek, Leon (ed.); Taszycki, Witold (1970). Urzędowe nazwy miejscowości i obiektów fizjograficznych. 33. Powiat staszowski województwo kieleckie [Official Names of Localities and Physiographic Objects. 33. Staszów County Kielce Voivodeship] (in Polish). Commission for Establishing Names of Localities and Physiographic Objects (to business use). Vol. 33. Warsaw, Poland: Council of Ministers' Office. Cabinet Office for bureaux of the Supervisory Boards. pp. 30, 77–82, 84–91, 95.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)