Milnesium

Milnesium is a genus of tardigrades.[1] It is rather common, being found in wide variety of habitats across the world.[2] It has a fossil record extenting back to the Cretaceous, the oldest species found so far (M. swolenskyi) is known from Turonian stage deposits on the east coast of the United States.[3]

Milnesium
Temporal range: Turonian–Recent
SEM image of Milnesium tardigradum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Tardigrada
Class: Eutardigrada
Order: Apochela
Family: Milnesiidae
Genus: Milnesium
Doyère, 1840 [1]

Species

Described species include:[4]

  • Milnesium alabamae Wallendorf & Miller, 2009[5]
  • Milnesium almatyense Tumanov, 2006
  • Milnesium alpigenum Ehrenberg, 1853
  • Milnesium antarcticum Tumanov, 2006
  • Milnesium argentinum Roszkowska, Ostrowska & Kaczmarek, 2015
  • Milnesium asiaticum Tumanov, 2006
  • Milnesium barbadosense Meyer & Hinton, 2012
  • Milnesium beasleyi Kaczmarek, Jakubowska & Michalczyk, 2012
  • Milnesium beatae Roszkowska, Ostrowska & Kaczmarek, 2015
  • Milnesium berladnicorum Ciobanu, Zawierucha, Moglan & Kaczmarek, 2014[6]
  • Milnesium bohleberi Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2014[7]
  • Milnesium brachyungue Binda & Pilato, 1990
  • Milnesium burgessi Schlabach, Donaldson, Hobelman, Miller & Lowman, 2018
  • Milnesium dornensis Ciobanu, Roszkowska & Kaczmarek, 2015
  • Milnesium dujiangensis Yang, 2003
  • Milnesium eurystomum Maucci, 1991
  • Milnesium granulatum Ramazzotti, 1962
  • Milnesium jacobi Meyer & Hinton, 2010[8]
  • Milnesium katarzynae Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Beasley, 2004
  • Milnesium kogui Londoño, Daza, Caicedo, Quiroga & Kaczmarek, 2015
  • Milnesium krzysztofi Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2007
  • Milnesium lagniappe Meyer, Hinton & Dupré, 2013
  • Milnesium longiungue Tumanov, 2006
  • Milnesium minutum Pilato & Lisi, 2016
  • Milnesium quadrifidum Nederström, 1919
  • Milnesium reductum Tumanov, 2006
  • Milnesium reticulatum Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2002
  • Milnesium sandrae Pilato & Lisi, 2016
  • Milnesium shilohae Meyer, 2015
  • Milnesium swansoni Young, Chappell, Miller & Lowman, 2016[9]
  • † Milnesium swolenskyi Bertolani & Grimaldi, 2000
  • Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840
  • Milnesium tetralamellatum Pilato & Binda, 1991
  • Milnesium tumanovi Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2016
  • Milnesium validum Pilato, Sabella, D'Urso & Lisi, 2017
  • Milnesium variefidum Morek, Gąsiorek, Stec, Blagden & Michalczyk, 2016
  • Milnesium vorax Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2016
  • Milnesium zsalakoae Meyer & Hinton, 2010[8]
gollark: `rand() * 0xFFFF`?
gollark: Hmm, I should set it to *not* use zero but instead, say, 4?
gollark: This may be one of the highest-performance `malloc` implementations available.
gollark: ```c#include <stdint.h>#include <stddef.h>static uintptr_t MEMPOS = 1;void* malloc(size_t size) { uintptr_t bees = MEMPOS; MEMPOS += size; return (void*)bees;}void free(void* ptr) { *(char**)ptr = "hello please do not use this address";}```
gollark: I prefer my malloc implementation.

References
  1. "ITIS standard report: Milnesium (Doyère, 1840)". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  2. "Nelson, Diane (2002). "Current Status of the Tardigrada: Evolution and Ecology". Integr. Comp. Biol. (42): 652–659". Missing or empty |url= (help)
  3. "Milnesium Doyere 1840 (water bear)". PBDB.
  4. Degma, Peter; Bertolani, Roberto; Guidetti, Roberto (30 June 2018). Actual checklist of Tardigrada species (2009-2018) (PDF). 34th Ed. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  5. Wallendorf, Mark; Miller, William R. (2009). "Tardigrades of North America: Milnesium alabamae nov. sp. (Eutardigrada: Apochela: Milnesiidae) a new species from Alabama". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 112 (3–4): 181–186. doi:10.1660/062.112.0404. ISSN 0022-8443.
  6. Ciobanu, Daniel; Zawierucha, Krzysztof; Moglan, Ioan; Kaczmarek, Łukasz (2014). "Milnesium berladnicorum sp. n. (Eutardigrada, Apochela, Milnesiidae), a new species of water bear from Romania". ZooKeys. 429: 1–11. doi:10.3897/zookeys.429.7755. ISSN 1313-2970.
  7. Bartels, Paul J.; Nelson, Diane R.; Kaczmarek, Łukasz; Michalczyk, Łukasz (2014). "The genus Milnesium (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (North Carolina and Tennessee, USA), with the description of Milnesium bohleberi sp. nov". Zootaxa. 3826 (2): 356. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3826.2.5. ISSN 1175-5334.
  8. Meyer, Harry A.; Hinton, Juliana G. (2010). "Milnesium zsalakoae and M. jacobi, two new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada: Apochela: Milnesiidae) from the southwestern United States". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 123 (2): 113–120. doi:10.2988/09-29.1. ISSN 0006-324X.
  9. Young A, Chappell B, Miller W, Lowman M (2016). "Tardigrades of the Tree Canopy: Milnesium swansoni sp. nov. (Eutardigrada: Apochela: Milnesiidae) a new species from Kansas, U.S.A." Zootaxa. 4072 (5): 559–568. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4072.5.3.
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