Miguel Yoldi

Biography

On April 14, 1903, Miguel Yoldi Beroiz was born to a poor family in Pamplona.[1] He was educated at the House of Mercy in Pamplona and later worked as a turner, sailor and teacher. In 1920, at the age of 17, he joined the National Confederation of Labor (CNT).

During the Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera he went into exile in France, from where he returned when the Second Republic was proclaimed (1931). He then opened a bookshop with the aim of disseminating anarchist literature, a task to which he devoted himself until in 1934 he was elected General Secretary of the CNT, replacing Joaquín Ascaso Budria and moved to Barcelona.[2] He held the position until the Congress of Zaragoza in 1936, where he was replaced by Horacio Martínez Prieto.[3]

When the Spanish Civil War broke out, Yoldi was elected Secretary of Defense of Catalonia and faced the military uprising in the streets of Barcelona on July 19, 1936.[4] He later joined the Aragon Offensive as a member of the Durruti Column, with which later he went to the defense of Madrid as an assistant of Buenaventura Durruti himself. [5] He was wounded in the fighting in the University City of Madrid, where Durruti died. [6] In December 1937 he returned to the Aragon front, where he replaced Enric Pérez i Farràs as head of the militia of the 24th Division of the XII Army of the Republic, together with José Manzana Vivó.[7][8] After the fall of the Aragonese front in the spring of 1938, he was arrested by Republican authorities and his command of the division was withdrawn. From then until the end of the war he was a member of the Selection Board of the Military Academy.[9]

At the end of the war he went into exile with his family, settling first in France and later in Mexico, where he formed the group of CNT leaders that decided to collaborate with the Spanish Republican government in exile.[10] In 1945 he became an adviser to Horacio Martínez Prieto, while he was minister of the José Giral government, and from 1947 until his death he held various positions in the CNT in exile.

Works
  • Controversial polemics (1946)
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References
  1. García-Sanz, Ángel (2001). The Navarrese republican exile of 1939. Government of Navarre. p. 611.
  2. Tellez, Antonio (1996). The Evasion Network of the Ponzán Group. Anarchists in the secret war against Francoism and Nazism (1936-1944). Barcelona: Editorial Virus. p. 63.
  3. Arcelus Iroz, Pilar (2001). Presence of Navarre in Mexico, 1870-1950. Gobierno de Navarra. p. 147.
  4. Paz, Abel (1996). Durruti in the Spanish Revolution. Anselmo Lorenzo Libertarian Studies Foundation. p. 542.
  5. Alexander, Robert J. (1999). The Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War. I. Janus Publishing Company Lim. p. 212. ISBN 978-1-85756-412-9.
  6. Los borrados. Contribution to the history of exile in Mexico in 1939 by Josu Chueca
  7. Maldonado, José M.ª (2007). The Aragon front. The Civil War in Aragon (1936–1938). Mira Editores. p. 241. ISBN 978-84-8465-237-3.
  8. Alpert, Michael (1989). The republican army in the civil war. Siglo XXI Editores. p. 388.
  9. Peirats, José. The Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War. Madrid: Ediciones Júcar. p. 327.
  10. Arcelus Iroz, Pilar (2001). Presence of Navarre in Mexico, 1870-1950. Government of Navarre. p. 77.
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