Michigan's 1st congressional district

Michigan's 1st congressional district
	Michigan's 1st congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
	Jack Bergman; R–Watersmeet
Area	24,875[1] sq mi (64,430 km2)
Distribution	63.42% rural[2]; 36.58% urban;
Population (2016)	699,621[3]
Median income	$48,416[4]
Ethnicity	92.26% white; 2.58% Native American; 1.75% Hispanic; 1.36% black;
Cook PVI	R+9[5]

Michigan's 1st congressional district is a United States congressional district containing the entire Upper Peninsula of Michigan and 16 counties of Northern Michigan in the Lower Peninsula. The district is currently represented by Republican Jack Bergman.

Geography

The district is the second-largest congressional district east of the Mississippi River by land area, behind Maine's 2nd congressional district. Its boundaries contain much of the northern part of the Lower Peninsula in addition to the entire Upper Peninsula. Altogether, the district makes up about 44% of the land area of the state of Michigan. It contains the second-longest shoreline of any district in the United States, behind Alaska's At-large congressional district.

Of the 83 counties in Michigan, 31 lie fully within the district, and it contains a portion of another, Mason County.

History

Prior to 1992 the 1st congressional district was a Detroit-based congressional district. From the election of Republican John B. Sosnowski in 1925 until 1964 the former 1st district was represented by only one non-Polish-American politician, Robert H. Clancy. Along with Sosnowski, 6 Polish-Americans served as the 1st district's representatives elected 7 times, since 1925. The other strong Polish Michigan congressional districts were the 15th district (where half of the elected were Polish-American) and the dissolved 16th district (where all three elected representatives were of Polish descent). In 1964 the 1st congressional district was drawn as a new, African-American majority district reflecting the changing demographics of Detroit, while enough of the old 1st district was moved to the 14th district so that the 14th district retained the 1st's old congressman. John Conyers was elected to congress from the 1st district, a position he would hold until the 1st was removed from Detroit.

After 1992, the 1st district covered land in the UP and Northern Michigan. Most of this territory had been in the 11th district from 1892 to 1992. The 1st from 1992–2002 was similar to the present district, except that it did not extend nearly as far south along Lake Michigan, while it took in Traverse City and some surrounding areas on the west side of the state.

Voting

Election results from presidential races
Year	Office	Results
1992	President	Clinton 41 - 35%
1996	President	Clinton 47 - 40%
2000	President	Bush 52 - 45%
2004	President	Bush 53 - 46%
2008	President	Obama 50 - 48%
2012	President	Romney 54 - 45%
2016	President	Trump 58 - 37%
2018	Senate	James 54 - 43%
2018	Governor	Schuette 52 - 44%

Major cities in the district

List of members representing the district

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
District created		March 4, 1843
Robert McClelland	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1849	28th 29th 30th	[data unknown/missing]
Alexander W. Buel	Democratic	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851	31st	[data unknown/missing]
Ebenezer J. Penniman	Whig	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853	32nd	[data unknown/missing]
David Stuart	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33rd	[data unknown/missing]
William A. Howard	Opposition	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	34th	[data unknown/missing]
William A. Howard	Republican	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	35th	[data unknown/missing]
George B. Cooper	Democratic	March 4, 1859 – May 15, 1860	36th	Election challenged
William A. Howard	Republican	May 15, 1860 – March 3, 1861	36th	Successfully challenged predecessor's election
Bradley F. Granger	Republican	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	37th	[data unknown/missing]
Fernando C. Beaman	Republican	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1871	38th 39th 40th 41st	Redistricted from the 2nd district. [data unknown/missing]
Henry Waldron	Republican	March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42nd	[data unknown/missing] Redistricted to the 2nd district.
Moses W. Field	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	[data unknown/missing]
Alpheus S. Williams	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – December 21, 1878	44th 45th	[data unknown/missing] Died.
Vacant		December 21, 1878 – March 3, 1879	45th
John S. Newberry	Republican	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1881	46th	[data unknown/missing]
Henry W. Lord	Republican	March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1883	47th	[data unknown/missing]
William C. Maybury	Democratic[6]	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1887	48th 49th	[data unknown/missing]
John L. Chipman	Democratic	March 4, 1887 – August 17, 1893	50th 51st 52nd 53rd	[data unknown/missing] Died.
Vacant		August 17, 1893 – November 7, 1893	53rd
Levi T. Griffin	Democratic	December 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895	53rd	Elected to finish Chipman's term. [data unknown/missing]
John B. Corliss	Republican	March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1903	54th 55th 56th 57th	[data unknown/missing]
Alfred Lucking	Democratic	March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1905	58th	[data unknown/missing]
Edwin C. Denby	Republican	March 4, 1905 – March 3, 1911	59th 60th 61st	[data unknown/missing]
Frank E. Doremus	Democratic	March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1921	62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th	[data unknown/missing]
George P. Codd	Republican	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923	67th	[data unknown/missing]
Robert H. Clancy	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – March 3, 1925	68th	[data unknown/missing]
John B. Sosnowski	Republican	March 4, 1925 – March 3, 1927	69th	[data unknown/missing] Lost renomination.
Robert H. Clancy	Republican	March 4, 1927 – March 3, 1933	70th 71st 72nd	[data unknown/missing]
George G. Sadowski	Democratic	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1939	73rd 74th 75th	[data unknown/missing]
Rudolph G. Tenerowicz	Democratic[7]	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1943	76th 77th	[data unknown/missing]
George G. Sadowski	Democratic	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1951	78th 79th 80th 81st	[data unknown/missing]
Thaddeus M. Machrowicz	Democratic	January 3, 1951 – September 18, 1961	82nd 83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th	[data unknown/missing] Resigned to become U.S. District Judge
Vacant		September 18, 1961 – November 7, 1961	87th
Lucien N. Nedzi	Democratic	November 7, 1961 – January 3, 1965	87th 88th	Elected to finish Machrowicz's term. Redistricted to the 14th district.
John Conyers	Democratic	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1993	89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd	[data unknown/missing] Redistricted to the 14th district.
Bart Stupak	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2011	103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th	[data unknown/missing] Retired.
Dan Benishek	Republican	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2017	112th 113th 114th	[data unknown/missing] Retired.
Jack Bergman	Republican	January 3, 2017 – present	115th 116th	Elected in 2016.

Elections

In the 1932 primary election for the Democratic Party, George G. Sadowski won, defeating a field of nine other candidates including Alfred Niezychowski.

Historical district boundaries

1993 - 2003

2003 - 2013

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Notes

"Congressional Districts by Urban/Rural Population & Land Area (109th Congress)" (PDF). 2000 United States Census. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 11 January 2007.
https://www2.census.gov/geo/relfiles/cdsld13/26/ur_cd_26.txt
Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
"My Congressional District".
"Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
William C. Maybury was elected as a fusion candidate, but was seated in Congress with the Democratic Party.
Rudolph G. Tenerowicz campaigned as a Republican in 1946, 1948, 1950, 1952, and 1954.

References

Govtrack.us for the 1st District - Lists current Senators and representative, and map showing district outline
The Political graveyard: U.S. Representatives from Michigan, 1807–2003
U.S. Representatives 1837–2003, Michigan Manual 2003–2004
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links

Rep. Jack Bergman's official House of Representatives website

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[census106thdata-1] "Congressional Districts by Urban/Rural Population & Land Area (109th Congress)" (PDF). 2000 United States Census. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 11 January 2007.

[2] ttps://www2.census.gov/geo/relfiles/cdsld13/26/ur_cd_26.txt

[3] Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov. Retrieved 2 April 2018.

[4] "My Congressional District".

[Cook-5] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[fusion-6] William C. Maybury was elected as a fusion candidate, but was seated in Congress with the Democratic Party.

[Tenerowicz-7] Rudolph G. Tenerowicz campaigned as a Republican in 1946, 1948, 1950, 1952, and 1954.