Maresfield

Maresfield is a village and civil parish[3] in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England. The village itself lies 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north from Uckfield; the nearby villages of Nutley and Fairwarp; and the smaller settlements of Duddleswell and Horney Common; and parts of Ashdown Forest all lie within Maresfield parish.

This article is about the village in East Sussex. For the village in Leicestershire, see Marefield.

Maresfield
Maresfield
Location within East Sussex
Area26.3 km2 (10.2 sq mi) [1]
Population3,656 (Parish-2011)[2]
• Density320/sq mi (120/km2)
OS grid referenceTQ466240
• London36 miles (58 km) NNW
Civil parish
  • Maresfield
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townUCKFIELD
Postcode districtTN22
Dialling code01825
PoliceSussex
FireEast Sussex
AmbulanceSouth East Coast
UK Parliament
Websitehttp://www.maresfieldparish.org.uk/

History

The origin of name of the village is uncertain, but the first element may derive from the Old English word mere meaning 'pool'; the second element is certainly feld meaning 'open land' (A. Mawer, The place-names of Sussex volume 2, page 349). Iron has also played an important role in the history of the area, during the time when the Wealden iron industry was flourishing. Within 2 miles (3 km) of Maresfield Church in the 16th century were five iron furnaces: Oldlands, Hendall, Old Forge, Lower Marshalls and Maresfield (powder mills). The Levett family owned and worked Oldlands, and it probably controlled Hendall as well, before it passed into the hands of Ralph Hogge, who formerly worked for the Levett family.

Among families long resident in the Maresfield area with historic ties to the old iron industry were the families of Levett, Pope and Chaloner, who had intermarried. William Levett of Buxted, a vicar who was a prime mover behind the iron industry in the Weald, had ties to the Maresfield area during his tenure as an ironmaster and supplier of armaments to Henry VIII.[4] Eventually the vicar's former servant Ralph Hogge, who had become a major ironmaster after Levett's death, operated four furnaces and one or more forges within a couple of miles of Maresfield Church.

The village has expanded in the past twenty years, and three substantial housing developments have helped to increase the village population.[5]

Maresfield is an old village (its church was founded in approx 1100; the present nave and tower were built between 1375 and 1415). Fairwarp and Nutley developed as offshoots from it.

There was a Roman settlement, including a bloomery, and later a Norman village grew up around the church. In the 15th and 16th centuries[5]

Manor
Maresfield Park, watercolour by Benjamin Dean Wyatt (1775–1850)

Until 1926, it was a largely agricultural village, up to 1914 effectively in the ownership and control of the family in Maresfield Park House, initially the Shelley family and then Count Alexander Münster of Hanover, Germany. The estate was confiscated in 1914 by the government after the start of World War I and the Park and estate houses were sold off in 1924 as reparation for war damage, the Park being broken up into housing plots. In the First World War, a large army camp was developed, and later on parts of the village, at Queen's Drive and the southern part of Parklands, were developed as married quarters for soldiers.[5]

Development

There has been considerable recent development. Since approx 1990, substantial developments at the Cabin Café (now Mulberry Park), Park Farm (now The Paddock, Field End and Maple Close) and at Forest Park have increased the population of the village by about 1/3rd. New development of 80 dwellings is planned for Park Farm, which will further enlarge the village by about 1/6th.[5]

Governance

There are 14 members on the Maresfield Parish Council, which has its offices in Nutley.[6]

Geography

Maresfield is on the southern edge of Ashdown Forest which was a deer hunting reserve from the time of King Edward II of England.

The Site of Special Scientific Interest Rock Wood falls within the parish. This woodland is of biological interest, with uncommon mosses and ferns growing alongside the stream which flows through the site.[7]

Nutley
Main article: Nutley, East Sussex

Nutley is a village[8] on the main road (A22) north of Maresfield. It has its own church, dedicated to St James the Less, although the benefice is combined with Maresfield.[9]

Fairwarp

Fairwarp is a small village directly north of Maresfield. The church is Christ Church.[10]

Transport

The parish lies at the junction of two main roads: the A22 Eastbourne road; and the A272 cross-country road, the main road being on a bypass to the west of the village.

There are two local bus services 31,[11] 256[12] that provide a local connection to surrounding areas.

Sport and leisure

Maresfield has a local tennis club,[13] cricket club,[14] bowls club,[15] football club[16] and a gymnastics club[17] all located in less than one mile radius of the Chequers Inn, Maresfield also has its own fishing lake 'Underhill Fishing Lake' and is managed by Crowborough and District Anglers Association.[18]

Education

Maresfield has its own primary school in Bonners CE Primary School,[19] although some children travel to Manor Primary School in Uckfield. Secondary school children travel into Uckfield College or Chailey School.

Conservation

The Constitution of Maresfield Conservation Group, which is a Registered Charity, has as its aims the promotion of the conservation, protection and improvement of the physical and natural environment in Maresfield and the surrounding area. Presently the Group is involved in a very wide range of projects.

Amenities

At the centre of the village is the 17th century Chequers Inn.[20] and Maresfield church founded in approx 1100.

There is also the Maresfield recreation ground, which is home to the 'Maresfield Cricket Club', which was established in 1756.

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References
  1. "East Sussex in Figures". East Sussex County Council. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
  2. "Civil parish population 2011". Neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  3. "Maresfield Parish Council". Maresfieldparish.org.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  4. Sussex Archaeological Collections, Relating to the History & Antiquities of the County. Sussex Archaeological Society. 30 August 1862. p. 149. Retrieved 30 August 2017 – via Internet Archive. lindfield chaloner.
  5. "Maresfield LDF". Maresfieldparish.org.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  6. "Your Parish Council". Maresfieldparish.org.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  7. "SSSI Citation – Rock Wood" (PDF). Natural England. Retrieved 25 September 2008. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. "Nutley LDF". Maresfieldparish.org.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  9. You, A Church Near. "St James the Less, Nutley". A Church Near You. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  10. "FCC – Fairwarp Christ Church – Fairwarp". Christchurch-fairwarp.org.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  11. "The Sussex Bus" (PDF). Sussex Bus.
  13. "Maresfield Lawn Tennis Club". Maresfieldltc.co.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  14. "Maresfield CC". maresfield.play-cricket.com. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  15. "Homepage". Bowlswealden.co.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  16. "How To Find Us - MARESFIELD VILLAGE FC". Clubwebsite.co.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  17. "Home". Uckfieldgymnastics.co.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  18. "Underhill Fishing Lake Review - Crowborough Fishery". Fishe.net. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  19. "Bonners Church of England Primary School - Home". Bonners.e-sussex.sch.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  20. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 6 June 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

Further reading
  • The Queen's Gunstonemaker: An Account of Ralph Hogge, Elizabethan Ironmaster & Gunfounder, Edmund Teesdale, Lindel Publishing Company, Seaford, Sussex, 1984

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