Malovishersky District

Malovishersky District (Russian: Малови́шерский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[7] district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borders with Kirishsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the north, Lyubytinsky District in the east, Okulovsky District in the southeast, Krestetsky District in the south, Novgorodsky District in the west, and with Chudovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,280.98 square kilometers (1,266.79 sq mi).[3] Its administrative center is the town of Malaya Vishera.[1] Population: 17,785 (2010 Census);[4] 21,713 (2002 Census);[9] 25,167 (1989 Census).[10] The population of Malaya Vishera accounts for 70.1% of the district's total population.[4]

Malovishersky District Маловишерский район
District
Msta River bridge, Malovishersky District
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Malovishersky District in Novgorod Oblast
Coordinates: 58°51′N 32°13′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Novgorod Oblast[1]
Established	October 1, 1927[2]
Administrative center	Malaya Vishera[1]
Area [3]
• Total	3,280.98 km^2 (1,266.79 sq mi)
Population  (2010 Census)[4]
• Total	17,785
• Estimate  (2018)[5]	14,616 (-17.8%)
• Density	5.4/km^2 (14/sq mi)
• Urban	70.1%
• Rural	29.9%
Administrative structure
• Administrative divisions	1 Towns of district significance, 3 Settlements
• Inhabited localities[6]	1 Cities/towns, 131 Rural localities
Municipal structure
• Municipally incorporated as	Malovishersky Municipal District[7]
• Municipal divisions[7]	2 Urban settlements, 2 Rural settlements
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [8])
OKTMO ID	49620000
Website	http://www.mvadm.ru/

Geography

The district is located in the Valdai Hills and belongs to the basin of the Volkhov River. The rivers in the north of the district drain into the Oskuya River, a right tributary of the Volkhov. The Msta River, a major tributary of Lake Ilmen, crosses the southern part of the district. The rivers in the center and in the south of the district drain into the Msta. The western part of the district lies in the basin of the Vishera River, also a left tributary of the Volkhov. The Bolshaya Vishera River and the Malaya Vishera River form together the Vishera at the western border of the district.

History

The Msta River was an important waterway since at least the 10th century, since it connected Novgorod with the basins of the Volga and the Northern Dvina. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off. In 1776, the area was transferred to Novgorod Viceroyalty. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and the area was transferred to Novgorod Governorate.

The development of the area was considerably accelerated after the construction of the Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway in 1851. In particular, Malaya Vishera was founded as a settlement serving the railway station, and eventually developed into a regional trading center.[11] In 1918, Malaya Vishera was granted town status.[12]

The territory of the modern district was then a part of Krestetsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate. In 1920, Malovishersky Uyezd was established, and in 1922, Krestetsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Malovishersky, Valdaysky, and Novgorodsky Uyezds.[12]

In August 1927, the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Malovishersky District, with the administrative center in the town of Malaya Vishera,[13] was established within Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast effective October 1, 1927.[2] It included parts of former Malovishersky Uyezd[13] (other parts of that uyezd were transferred to Chudovsky and Okulovsky Districts). On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[14] During World War II, between October 23 and December 22, 1941, parts of Malovishersky District, including the town of Malaya Vishera, were occupied by German troops.[13] On July 5, 1944, Malovishersky District was transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast,[13] where it remained ever since. On February 1, 1963, the district was transformed into Malovishersky Industrial District in the course of the Nikita Khrushchev's administrative reform, with its rural territory merged into Okulovsky and Novgorodsky Rural Districts.[15] On January 12, 1965, Malovishersky District was re-established.[15]

Economy

Industry

In the past, the economy of Malaya Vishera was dependent on the glass-making factory, and the factory was experiencing serious difficulties in the 1990s and the first decade of the 2000s. Currently, the economy of the district relies on timber industry (including production of furniture), food industry, and production of instruments.[16] There is also peat production.

Agriculture

As of 2011, sixteen farms (including four collective farms and twelve individual farms) were involved in agriculture, breeding cattle, growing potatoes and vegetables.[16]

Transportation

The Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway crosses the district from south to north. This was the first long-distance railway constructed in Russia, opened in 1851, and built in a straight line. The main railway station in the district is Malaya Vishera, which is a terminal station for suburban trains from Okulovka, Volkhovstroy, and St. Petersburg.

The district has a developed road network. In particular, Malaya Vishera is connected by roads with the M10 highway and with Lyubytino.

The Msta is listed as navigable downstream from the selo of Mstinsky Most. However, there is no navigation on the Msta within the limits of the district.

Culture and recreation

The district contains 2 cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally 118 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[17] Both federal monuments are archaeological sites.

The only museum in the district is the Malaya Vishera District Museum, located in Malaya Vishera. The museum exhibits collections of local interest.[18]

References

Notes

1. Law #559-OZ
2. Snytko et al., p. 85
3. Состав проекта (in Russian). Администрация Маловишерского района. p. 9. Retrieved June 6, 2012.
4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
5. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
6. Resolution #121
7. Law #356-OZ
8. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
9. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
10. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
11. Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 251. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
12. Snytko et al., pp. 35–37
13. Snytko et al., pp. 112–114
14. Snytko et al., pp. 87–88
15. Snytko et al., p. 191
16. Экономическая характеристика (in Russian). Администрация Маловишерского муниципального района. Retrieved June 6, 2012.
17. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
18. Культура (in Russian). Администрация Маловишерского муниципального района. Archived from the original on December 28, 2011. Retrieved June 6, 2012.

Sources

• Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №559-ОЗ от 11 ноября 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Новгородской области», в ред. Областного закона №730-ОЗ от 26 февраля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Областной закон "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Новгородской области"». Вступил в силу 1 января 2006 г. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №75, 23 ноября 2005 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #559-OZ of November 11, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #730-OZ of February 26, 2015 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast". Effective as of January 1, 2006.).
• Администрация Новгородской области. Постановление №121 от 8 апреля 2008 г. «Об реестре административно-территориального устройства области», в ред. Постановления №408 от 4 августа 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориального устройства области». Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №49–50, 16 апреля 2008 г. (Administration of Novgorod Oblast. Resolution #121 of April 8, 2008 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #408 of August 4, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast. ).
• Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №356-ОЗ от 2 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории Маловишерского муниципального района, наделении их статусом городских и сельских поселений, определении административных центров и перечня населённых пунктов, входящих в состав территорий поселений», в ред. Областного закона №641-ОЗ от 1 декабря 2009 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы, устанавливающие границы муниципальных образований области, наделяющие статусом городских и сельских поселений, определяющие административные центры и содержащие перечни населённых пунктов, входящих в состав территорий соответствующих поселений». Вступил в силу со дня, следующего за днём официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №82, 15 декабря 2004 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #356-OZ of December 2, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Within the Territory of Malovishersky Municipal District, on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, on Establishing Their Administrative Centers, and on Compiling the Lists of Inhabited Localities Within the Settlement Territories, as amended by the Oblast Law #641-OZ of December 1, 2009 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations, Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlementss, Establishing Their Administrative Centers, and Containing the Lists of Inhabited Localities Within the Corresponding Settlement Territories. Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication.).
• Снытко, О. В.; et al. (2009). С. Д. Трифонов; Т. Б. Чуйкова; Л. В. Федина; А. Э. Дубоносова (eds.). Административно-территориальное деление Новгородской губернии и области 1727-1995 гг. Справочник (PDF) (in Russian). Saint Petersburg.