Longworth, British Columbia

Longworth comprises scattered houses in a settlement between Sinclair Mills and Penny on the northeast side of the Fraser River in central British Columbia. Containing less than 15 permanent residents, a community hall,[1] and former schoolhouse housing the post office,[2] the location is a jumping-off point for outdoor recreational activities.

Longworth, British Columbia
Locality
Location of Longworth in British Columbia
Coordinates: 53°55′00″N 121°28′00″W
CountryCanada
ProvinceBritish Columbia
Land DistrictCariboo
Regional DistrictFraser-Fort George
Geographic RegionRobson Valley
Elevation
665 m (2,181 ft)
Area code(s)250, 778, 236, & 672

Transportation

A trackside signpost marks the flag stop for Via Rail's Jasper – Prince Rupert train.[3] The immediate Via Rail stops are Hutton to the northwest and Penny to the southeast.

History

Railway

Longworth, like Hutton to its northwest, and Lindup to its southeast, was an original train station (1914) on the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway[4][5] (the Canadian National Railway after nationalization). The name, a locational surname of Anglo-Saxon origin, deriving from any one of the places called "Longworth" in Berkshire, Herefordshire, or Lancashire,[6] was probably[7] selected from the list prepared by Josiah Wedgwood (submitted at the request of William P. Hinton, the railway's general manager).[8]

Longworth lies at Mile 79.4, Fraser Subdivision[9] (about Mile 169 during the line's construction). New arrivals for the Mile 172 camp and those passing through to Mile 166 (northwest of Lindup) often become lost on the forest trails.[10]

An interesting example of track maintenance workers was the 1936 section crew.[11] The image shows John Prudun (1902–81)[12] (left background), George Wlasitz (1891–1962)[13] (left foreground), Peter Doonchoff (c.1883–1945)[14] (foreman: centre background), Steve Wlasitz (1919–2008)[15] (right foreground), and Steve Bylycia (1899–1956)[16] (right background). Subjects who advanced to section foremen were John Prudun at Hansard and Steve Bylycia at Hutton. George Wlasitz of Lindup, who remained a section hand, would at least have employment throughout the Great Depression and go on to qualify for a 20-year pass that allowed free travel on Canada and U.S. railroads. His son Steve would qualify for a 10-year pass that allowed free travel within Canada for the family, before resigning for a better paying sawmill job.[17]

Built in 1914, the standard-design Plan 100‐152 (Bohi's Type E)[18][19] station building was demolished in 1969.[20] Longworth, and similarly isolated communities, unsuccessfully appealed when the Prince George-McBride way freight ceased operations in 1977.[21] These crews, who knew everyone along the line, would often stop beside residents' homes, especially where heavy groceries needed carrying.[22]

Although CNR trains struck straying livestock,[23] wildlife was a greater problem. During one 24-hour period in 1982, collisions with trains killed 17 caribou near Longworth. Steep snow banks along the rail lines made it all but impossible for moose and caribou to get off the track in time. Over a three-week period, 30 caribou and 150 moose were estimated to have been killed in the area. The reported deaths of 1,000 moose in a previous year was reckoned an understatement.[24]

The remaining passenger shelter went in 1996.[25]

Service1914–151916–c.1917c.1918–c.1921c.1921–c.1923c.1924–19311932–421943–c.1958c.1959–19651965–661966–771977–present
[4][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]
[33][34]		[35][36][37][38]
[39][40][41]		[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]
[51][52][53]		[9][54][55][56]
[57][58][59][60]
PassengerReg. stopFlag stopFlag stopFlag stopRegular stopRegular stopFlag stopReg. stopFlag stopFlag stop
Way freightFlag prob.Flag stopReg. probablyRegular stopReg. probablyReg. stopRegular stopRegular stopReg. stopReg. stop
Siding Mile No. 1922 1933 1943 1960 1965 1968–72 1977 1990–92
(Capacity Length) Cars [28] Cars [32] Cars [35] Cars [42] Cars [47] Cars [50][52] Feet [9] Feet [56][57]
Longworth 79.4 67 65 57 52 125 125 5,750 6,230
Other Tracks Mile No. 1920 1922 1960 1965–68
(Capacity Length) Cars [27] Cars [28] Cars [42] Cars [47][50]
Berg Sawmills 79.4 4
Longworth 79.4 20
UGG Sawmills 80.4 Unknown Unknown
UGG Sawmills? 82.5 Unknown

Forestry

The narrow strip of accessible spruce forest bordering the railway that stretched some 100 miles (160 km) east of Prince George was known as the East Line.[61] In the 1920s, with logging limited to the winter and fall seasons to facilitate the hauling of logs by horse or oxen[62] over snow and ice, loggers were transient. However, year round work existed in sawmill towns such as Giscome, Aleza Lake, Hutton, Penny and Longworth.[63]

The first sawmill was built about 1915.[64] In partnership as the Jaeck-Allen Lumber Co., Allen constructed their mill in 1919.[65][66] One family was Bessie (1878–1949)[67] & Wallace (Wally) N. Jaeck (1876–1954), later at Bend,[68][69] with son C. Earl Jaeck (1904–52), also later at Bend.[70][71][72] The other family was Robert (Bob) (1885–1950)[69][73] & M. Olive (1891–1977)[74][75] Allen, with children Florence (1912–85),[76][77] Ethel (c.1914–?),[78] Robert (c.1918–?),[79] Enid (1920–90),[80][81] Hazel (c.1921–?), and Harry (c.1921–?).[72] In 1921, Wally acquired the Longworth Lumber Co. from a Mr. Trimble. In 1923, the Jaeck-Allen partnership dissolved when Allen joined Frederick (Fred) Thrasher (1890–1967)[82] (the mill's former accountant) in a sawmill venture at Snowshoe, 3.1 miles (5.0 km) from Loos.[83] Labour shortages at Longworth, forced the mill to drop the night shift initially,[84] and later to erect a boarding house and rooming house to address the limited accommodation for employees and visitors.[85]

Jack Turnbull (probably 1878–1964)[86] ran logging camps for the company during the 1925/26 winter.[87] Following the severe 1927 forest fires,[88] a lookout opened in 1929. This building still exists four miles (6.4 km) away on top of Longworth Mountain.[89] That year, the Longworth mill worked double shifts, but US lumber duties loomed,[90] and the mill closed in 1932.[68] In 1935, Donald (Don) S. McPhee (1892–1964),[91] formerly at Sinclair Mills,[92] and A. Roy Spurr (1885–1954), formerly at Penny,[93][94] partners in the Giscome mill, acquired the bankrupt Longworth Lumber Co., and relocated the equipment to the Hudson Bay Spur[95] (Upper Fraser). Longtime resident John Flotten (1896–1987)[96][97] and Torsten Berg (1912–2007), who would later mill at Lindup,[98] were pole producers.[99] (see #TBergᵇ). The return of logging in 1937 provided a vital outlet for the farmers' produce. Don McPhee managed the summer and winter logging camps[100] established between Toneko Lake and the Fraser.[101] Karl (Carl alternate spelling) Anderson (1906–94),[102][103] and C. Gunnar Johnson (1911–82),[104] son/stepson of Carl & Alice Caroline (c.1900–1945) Johnson,[105][106] held the contract to build the plank road for hauling[107] to a point where logs could float downriver to a mill. Robert Allen operated his crew three miles (4.8 km) from Longworth[108] during the 1938/39 and 1939/40 winters, before relocating his equipment back to Snowshoe.[109] In 1942, the Sinclair Spruce summer camp was in the vicinity.[110] Carl Johnson, who purchased the former mill site with plans to renovate the houses,[111] resold the properties to Karl Anderson.[112]

Injury[113] and death were common in sawmills and logging camps. Falling trees fatally crushed loggers Carl G. Johannson (c.1886–1925)[114][115] and William Stack (possibly Slack) (c.1900–1925).[116][117] Kicks from horses used for hauling sent several men to hospital.[118] Another year, a falling log broke logger Harold Mallery's (1916–2000) leg,[119] and a falling tree fatally injured Everett Martin (c.1911–1939).[120] At C.A. Berg's sawmill, near Longworth, while jumping from a snowplowing tractor, Kenneth D. Wilson (1920–56)[121] was fatally crushed between the tracks and hydraulic cylinder.[122]

In 1965, logging operator Torsten Berg was fined for omitting some employee earnings from his Unemployment Insurance Commission records.[123]

In 1981, the government established a 478,683-hectare provincial forest at Longworth.[124]

Farming

Lennox Thompson (1879–1960),[125] who farmed 1918–40,[126] kept poultry and grew strawberries and hay.[127]

In 1924, Wilson A. (1880–1959)[128] & Mary (c.1883–1939)[129][130] Riggs arrived.[131][132] Their children were Annie Armanda (1905–70),[133] George W. A. (1907–78),[134][135] Harold E. (c.1910–?),[136] Wilbert A. (1912–99), later of Penny,[137][138] Lillian Oliveria Pearl (1914–85),[139][140] Arthur (c.1917–1987),[141][142] Clara Margaret (c.1921–?),[143][144] William, Ernest, and Dorothy. The family residence became a focal point of the community.[145] Their expanding farm[146] comprised vegetable crops[147] and dairy cattle. In 1937, Wilson was the first local farmer to ship cream to the Interior Creamery at Prince George,[148] expanding to a local six-farm source by 1940.[149] These farmers' purebred Ayrshires gained renown.[150] He was also active in advancing the farming community.[151]

Logger and farmer William Henry (1888–1949)[152][153] & Estella (1890–1946)[154] Turner arrived around 1924. Their children were Thelma (c.1917–?), R.D. (1918–94), Earl (1919–84),[155][156][157] Ronald (1921–88),[158][159] Ernest E. (1923–56), who drowned at Hansard,[160] Wallace, Herbert (1926–53), who died in a traffic accident at Prince George,[161][162] Naomi, Alberteen, and Helen. Ronald and his parents were residents until death. R.D. legally changed his name to Ardie Keith.[163]

Gratian (1873–1970)[164][165] & Mary (1878–1937)[166] Mueller arrived around 1924. Their children were Mary (1898–1987),[167] Emma (1900–88),[168] Gratian (c.1903–1938),[169] Edward (1904–94),[170] Paul (1907–97),[171][172] Raymond (1909–98),[173] Dorothy (c.1911–?), Ann (c.1914–?), Joseph (c.1917–?), Rose (c.1919–?), Theresa (1920–?),[174][175] John (1923–2017),[176] and Liz. Gratian Sr. and W.H. Turner were the only local farmers who did not avail themselves of the free initial TB testing of their herds.[149]

Raymond (Ray) married Louisa Hutchinson (1918–2016).[177] When they moved to Sinclair Mills in 1943, Ray drew upon his river experience[178] to raft their home downriver through the Grand Canyon rapids.[179] Joseph (Joe) Mueller, Mary & George (1889–1983)[180] Kuchler, and Edward Mueller probably left a little earlier,[181] and John finally a decade later.[182] Paul & Marjorie (1919–2009) moved to Prince George in 1956, but for many years divided their time between the homestead and town.[183][184]

Theresa (Tracy) married Charles (Charlie) McCoy (c.1915–?).[185][186] When she retired as postmaster in 1985, she had held the position (assumed on a temporary basis) for 30 years. A former sawmill office skidded down the track from Lindup, the 10- by 12-foot hut (which she owned) served as the post office.[175][187] Their children were Bob[188] and Wayne.[189] By 2018, Bob had been a resident for 76 years.[2]

Wallace's brother,[68] Leonard H. Jaeck (1880–1958), later at Bend,[190][191] farmed 1931–36,[192] and kept a herd of dairy goats.[193] He was formerly the blacksmith at the mill.[194][195]

Community

The 1918 population estimate of 30,[196] increased to 60 by 1920,[69] 75 to 100 by 1924–25,[197][85] 150 by 1926,[198] and 200 by 1927.[132] Arthur E.C. Read (1888–1945) (Reid alternate spelling), a storeowner during the late 1910s,[196] was the inaugural postmaster 1915–20, but the post office remained closed for 15 of those months.[187] Commonly, the postmaster in such towns was also a storeowner. He then spent three years in Hutton. In 1923, Alice Irene Black (1893–1996)[199]married Arthur.[200][201] By 1924, the town boasted a church (parson visited from McBride),[85] school, dancehall, general store and poolroom. A local symphony orchestra provided music for the dances held every two weeks.[202] First mentions of a body returning for burial, and the cemetery itself, are 1921 and 1937 respectively.[203][204] Burials still occur at this location.[1]

The Longworth school opened in 1921 with Miss Doris Webb as the inaugural teacher.[205] Built in 1920 on land donated by the mill, the 38' x 16' frame building was extended eight feet in 1924 to accommodate increased attendance.[206] The 1931 enrolment comprised 33 students in Grades 1–9.[207] Opened in 1927 about 2 miles (3.2 km) from Longworth on the river, the Longworth South community hall housed both a new school and community activities.[208]

Arriving in 1921, Sidney (Sid) T. (1876–1962)[209] & Lulu (1883–1961)[210] Coats ran a general store,[211][212][213] with Sid as postmaster 1922–35.[187] Lulu was a sister-in-law of Wallace N. Jaeck (see #WJaeck).[214] The store closed when the mill folded during the Great Depression.[215] Daughter Elizabeth (1906–91)[216][217] married local[218] Rory (Roy) R.M. McGillivray (1903–94), who would later be at Bend.[219]

In the late 1920s, storeowner Arthur Read[195] became a notary public,[220] but a 1931 fire destroyed his business premises.[221] After he opened the 10-bedroomed Toneko Lodge a year later,[222] he relocated the general store into this hotel, and later the post office,[223] when postmaster 1935–45.[187] During 1937, the proprietor regularly advertised[224] the lodge and later the combined lodge and general store (which served as a retail and wholesale distributor of grains and flour).[131] He was the first president of the Yellowhead Highway Association, an advocacy group formed in 1936 to create a highway link,[225] which all came to naught when the government surveyed a route wholly west of the river for the Fraser-Fort George section of Highway 16.[226] In ill health, Arthur sold the business,[227] and died weeks later.[228] He had arrived in the district as part of a railway construction crew, been postmaster for a total of 17 years, and been a guide for big game hunting.[227] New owner Cecil Alcock (probably 1902–75)[229] was postmaster 1945–50,[187] and the family kept poultry,[230] and bred rabbits.[231]

In the wintertime, competitive cross-country and downhill skiing was the major sport.[232] In 1938, the young people organized a badminton club, and the community club purchased a movie projector.[233] At the initial screening, which comprised several short reels, the packed Longworth Hall attracted a number from Penny.[234] That year, after a badminton tournament, the Sinclair Mills team stayed to watch a movie.[235] On another occasion, the badminton club organized a dance in the community hall.[109] The boys' and girls' dairy calf club, formed in 1937,[236] also held fundraising dances.[237] Neighbouring communities visited one another's dances.[238] The population, numbering 129 in the mid-1940s,[239] had shrunk to 65 a decade later.[240]

The Longworth School[241] and the Longworth South School, which often held combined events,[242] amalgamated for the 1939/40 year as the United Rural Longworth School.[243] The new building at the crossroads site[244] was completed at a cost of $1,000 for the 1941/42 year.[245] The school was closed for the 1942/43 year.[246] In 1955, teacherages were built and equipped.[247] The school struggled to secure a teacher for the 1958/59 year.[248] Catering for Grades 1–8, numbers were 9–13 for 1945–53, and 8–13 for 1955–65.[206][249] The school closed in 1966.[250] The school at Sinclair Mills closed in 1984, Upper Fraser in 1998, and elementary education became centralized at Giscome from 1999, except for distance-learning students.

In 1990, ownership of the two-hectare former school land, passed to the RDFFG to create a community park with ball field. Students completed correspondence courses in the former schoolhouse, and residents regularly used the more recently built community hall for various activities.[251] A previous hall dated from the 1930s.[252]

"Longstock", formerly called "Hot As Hell Bonfire Dance", was an annual musical festival held at the community hall 1992–2001.[253]

By 2000, a population of 23,[254] occupied the 21 dwellings.[255] Steadily declining,[256] 13 permanent residents remained by 2018.[2]

Crime, Calamity & Safety Measures

In 1924, an agitator among the Hindu community alleged a mail theft, but the subsequent charges were dismissed.[257] That year, the town suffered a measles epidemic,[202] and a whooping cough epidemic in 1937.[258]

Although only a single mention of a house burning to the ground,[259] it was likely a common occurrence.

In 1955, the partly decomposed body of a lone homesteader was found with a rifle shot to the head.[260][261] Nels Adolf Sjolund (1898–1955),[262] postmaster in 1955,[187] proprietor of the Toneko Lodge, and part owner of the general store, committed suicide in a like manner that year.[263]

A resident for 43 years, teamster Orva (1889–1963)[264][265] & Mabel (1888–1955) Prather came in 1921. Their children were Iva Pearl (1917–2012),[266][267] Marjory (1919–2009),[183] Oliver (1921-2015),[217][268] Gladys, Julia, Pauline (1928–58), and Arnold (1929–2013).[269] Buried at Longworth are Orva, Mabel, Pauline and her son, and Arnold and his wife. Pauline and son Raymond (1946–58)[270] died at the hands of husband John Melynchuk in a murder, suicide at Cloverdale.[271] Iva Pearl married[272][273] Torsten Berg (see #TBergᵃ). When a companion's loaded .22-calibre rifle accidentally discharged two miles (3.2 km) east, while on a hunting trip, younger son R. Peter Berg (1956–67)[274] suffered a fatal shoulder wound.[275] Older son Carl Berg (1936–87) died of cirrhosis.[276][277]

Harold Olsson (1895–1971) was mauled by a bear on a trail from his cabin, near Longworth, to Toneko Lake. A broken rib fatally punctured a lung.[278]

In 1976, when two-year-old Seth Allen became separated from his parents in the Hungary Creek area, he spent a night alone in the bush, before a search effort by the 35-person community found the infant.[279] Three years earlier, Thad, Seth's father, was a key organizer of a back-to-nature summer camp for urban children that was held in Longworth.[280]

The following year, Lawrence (Larry) Gaylord, of Longworth, was arrested in Prince George and charged with trafficking, after police found a pound of marijuana in his hotel room. His friend, Joseph Carmen Marvici, obtained counsel and appeared in court for him. Gaylord was remanded in custody and ultimately deported to Alaska. When police conducted a search and found some 300 pounds of marijuana about 0.5 miles (0.8 km) from Marvici's Longworth farm, he was charged with cultivating marijuana. After the charges were stayed, Marvici laid a formal complaint of harassment against the RCMP. Although not determined criminal, the two drug squad officers' irresponsible conduct instigated disciplinary action.[281]

Roads

To extend the existing Prince George-Aleza Lake highway,[282] the 30 miles (48 km) to Longworth were cleared, grubbed and rough graded during 1929–31. However, the rapid deterioration of the road, culverts and bridges, made it largely impassable beyond Hansard.[283] By 1938, proper grading was completed to within 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of Longworth.[284] The 1941 grading of the remainder by a logging operator encouraged bicycle sales.[285] Although Hansard-Sinclair Mills was later gravelled,[286] Sinclair Mills-Longworth was left to deteriorate.[287] Road maps shows the route terminating just south of Sinclair Mills.[288] In 1960, the provincial conservative candidate brought two horses in a car trailer to Sinclair Mills, and campaigned the next 35 miles (56 km) southeast by horseback.[289] The railway continued to provide the only year-round accessibility.[290]

In a 1981 survey, the residents of Longworth and Penny opposed the proposal for a reaction ferry at Penny.[291]

During 1986–87, the road and bridges on the Sinclair Mills-Longworth section were rebuilt to create a "fair weather" road,[292] leaving the community still dependent upon the railway in the wet season.[293] With one hill impassable for a week, a lot of the 1992 work by the highway maintenance contractor was undone by the fall rains, owing to the growing number of logging trucks breaking up the road. Although residents had no expectation of a paved road, they counted upon a well-maintained solid gravel base.[294] That year, the Hutton Road thoroughfare was renamed the Upper Fraser Road.[295] Over the following decade, not only was this section of gravel road still in poor shape,[296] but the whole distance as far northwest as the Hansard Bridge was barely drivable.[297] Nowadays, it is considered a good gravel road.[256][298]

Electricity, Broadcast Transmissions & Communications Devices

In 1924, residents installed radios for the upcoming broadcasts from the cities.[85][299]

From 1929, the CNR telephone lines (which in 1914 connected Prince George with all GTP points east),[300] opened for public usage, linking Dome Creek with Prince George.[301] In the late 1950s, CNR erected a relay transmitter station at Longworth for its new microwave radio system.[302] The CN network from Giscome still provided the public phone service by 1980.[303] In 1993, residents unanimously approved the referendum[304] for a local telephone service, at a cost of under $216,390 for the community.[305] Owing to the capital cost to Telus, even with government subsidies, negotiations dragged on for eight years.[306] When installed in 1999, the costs to each household was $20,000. However, until 2001, when the company added an independent power source to eliminate power surges, lengthy service interruptions often occurred.[307]

A new transmitter, installed by CKPG-TV on Mount Tabor in 1964, provided reception as far southeast as Longworth & Penny.[308]

A few homes or businesses had diesel generators for electricity.[309] In 1989, after 13 of the 26 eligible voters voted unanimously in favour, BC Hydro constructed an electrical distribution line to the community.[310]

Footnotes
  1. Prince George Citizen, 3 Jun 2014
  2. "Prince George Citizen, 6 Aug 2018".
  3. "Longworth flag stop". www.viarail.ca.
  4. 1914 Timetable. p. 4.
  5. "c.1919 GTP map (© 1911 prior version)". www.utoronto.ca.
  6. "Last name: Longworth". www.surnamedb.com.
  7. Prince George Citizen, 27 Jan 1984
  8. Prince George Citizen, 27 May 1957
  9. "1977 Timetable" (PDF). www.cwrailway.ca. p. 79.
  10. Fort George Herald, 7 Jun 1913
  11. "Image: Longworth section crew, 1936". www.virtualmuseum.ca.
  12. "Death Certificate (John PRUDUN)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  13. "Death Certificate (George WLASITZ)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  14. "Death Certificate (Peter DOONCHOFF)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  15. "Cemetery Project (Stephen WLASITZ)". www.geneofun.on.ca.
  16. "Death Certificate (Stefan BYLYCIA)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  17. Wlasitz, Steve & Helen (2000). "Upper Fraser Historical Geography Project Transcript" (PDF). www.nbca.unbc.ca. pp. 3, 4, 20 & 42.
  18. "Type "E" Mythology". www.oil-electric.com.
  19. "Vanishing BC GTP Railway stations". www.michaelkluckner.com.
  20. Bohi, Charles W.; Kozma, Leslie S. (2002). Canadian National's Western Stations. Fitzhenry & Whiteside. pp. 121 & 136. ISBN 1550416324.
  21. Prince George Citizen, 11 Oct 1977
  22. Prince George Citizen, 25 Jul 1977
  23. Prince George Citizen: 26 Aug 1937 & 25 Jul 1940
  24. Prince George Citizen: 18 Jan 1982 & 23 Feb 1982
  25. Prince George Free Press, 21 Jan 1996
  26. Waghorn's Guide. The Guide Co. Ltd. 1916. p. 74.
  27. 1920 Timetable: Bulkley Valley Museum. p. 8.
  28. 1922 Timetable: Northern BC Archives. p. 8.
  29. 1925 Timetable. p. 105.
  30. Prince George Citizen: 12 & 19 Nov 1931
  31. 1932 Timetable. p. 58.
  32. 1933 Timetable: Northern BC Archives. p. 8.
  33. 1935 Timetable. p. 60.
  34. 1942 Timetable. p. 58.
  35. 1943 Timetable: Northern BC Archives. p. 9.
  36. 1945 Timetable. p. 61.
  37. "1946 Timetable". www.scribd.com. p. 59.
  38. 1949 Timetable. p. 59.
  39. "1950 Timetable". www.scribd.com. p. 59.
  40. "1956 Timetable" (PDF). www.streamlinermemories.info. p. 53.
  41. "1957 Timetable". www.traingeek.ca. p. 53.
  42. 1960 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  43. "1961 Timetable (main)" (PDF). www.streamlinermemories.info. p. 39.
  44. "1961 Timetable (way freight)" (PDF). www.streamlinermemories.info. p. 48.
  45. "1963 Timetable" (PDF). www.streamlinermemories.info. p. 42.
  46. 1964 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  47. 1965 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  48. "1966 Timetable". www.traingeek.ca. p. 38.
  49. 1967 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  50. 1968 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  51. "1971 Timetable" (PDF). www.streamlinermemories.info. p. 19.
  52. 1972 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  53. 1973 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  54. "1986 Timetable". www.scribd.com. p. 50, but scan p. 52.
  55. "1988 Timetable". www.scribd.com. p. 55, but scan p. 52.
  56. 1990 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  57. 1992 Timetable. Northern BC Archives
  58. "1996 Timetable" (PDF). www.streamlinermemories.info. p. 40.
  59. "2011 Timetable". www.scribd.com. p. 44, but scan p. 24.
  60. Recent timetables
  61. Hak1986, p. 14.
  62. Prince George Citizen, 3 Apr 1997
  63. Hak1986, p. 137.
  64. "Image: Longworth mill, c.1915". www.appserve.noratek.com.
  65. Prince George Citizen: 3 Sep 1919 & 6 Nov 1950
  66. "Image: Longworth mill, c.1919". www.appserve.noratek.com.
  67. Prince George Citizen, 15 Dec 1949
  68. Prince George Citizen, 1 Feb 1954
  69. "1920 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  70. "Death Certificate (Charles Earl JAECK)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  71. Prince George Citizen, 28 Apr 1952
  72. "1921 Census". www.bac-lac.gc.ca.
  73. "Death Certificate (Robert ALLEN)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  74. "Death Certificate (Mary Olive ALLEN)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  75. Prince George Citizen, 3 May 1977
  76. "Death Certificate (Florence Mary Olive RIGGS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  77. Prince George Citizen, 12 Oct 1985
  78. "Marriage Certificate (WHITE/ALLEN)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  79. "Marriage Certificate (ALLEN/MALLERY)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  80. "Death Certificate (Enid Pearl ROBINSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  81. Prince George Citizen, 24 May 1990
  82. "Death Certificate (Frederick Gordon THRASHER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  83. Prince George Citizen, 19 Apr 1923, 2 Jul 1925, 4 Mar 1926 &, 9 May 1929
  84. Prince George Citizen, 12 Jul 1923
  85. Prince George Citizen, 13 Mar 1924
  86. "Death Certificate (John Burns TURNBULL)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  87. Prince George Citizen: 12 Nov 1925, 3 Dec 1925 & 28 Jan 1926
  88. Prince George Citizen, 1 Sep 1927
  89. Prince George Citizen, 16 May 1929
  90. Prince George Citizen, 24 Jan 1929
  91. "Death Certificate (Donald Sellers McPHEE)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  92. Prince George Citizen, 6 Mar 1964
  93. "Death Certificate (Albert Roy SPURR)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  94. Prince George Citizen, 16 Aug 1954
  95. Prince George Citizen, 5 Mar 1936.
  96. "Death Certificate (John Engebrektsen FLOTTEN)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  97. Prince George Citizen, 19 Dec 1987
  98. "Cemetery Project (Torsten BERG)". www.geneofun.on.ca.
  99. Prince George Citizen: 17 Jun 1937, 25 Sep 1941 & 5 Feb 1942
  100. Prince George Citizen, 14 Oct 1937
  101. Prince George Citizen: 24 Mar 1938, 9 Mar 1939 & 4 Dec 1941
  102. "Marriage Certificate (ANDERSON/SMALL)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  103. "Death Certificate (Karl Edwin ANDERSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  104. "Death Certificate (Carl Gunnar JOHNSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  105. "Death Certificate (Alice Caroline JOHNSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  106. Prince George Citizen: 21 & 28 Jun 1945
  107. Prince George Citizen, 9 Jun 1938
  108. Prince George Citizen, 4 Jan 1940
  109. Prince George Citizen, 21 Mar 1940
  110. Prince George Citizen, 12 Mar 1942
  111. Prince George Citizen, 24 Mar 1938
  112. Prince George Citizen, 25 Apr 1940
  113. Prince George Citizen: 24 Mar 1938, 4 Aug 1938, 21 Sep 1939 & 8 Aug 1940
  114. "Death Certificate (Carl Gerhard JOHANNSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  115. Prince George Citizen, 1 Oct 1925
  116. "Death Certificate (William SLACK)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  117. Prince George Citizen, 12 Nov 1925
  118. Prince George Citizen, 28 Jan 1926
  119. Prince George Citizen, 27 Apr 1939 & 18 Apr 2000
  120. Prince George Citizen, 12 Oct 1939
  121. "Death Certificate (Kenneth Daniel WILSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  122. Prince George Citizen: 6 & 9 Feb 1956
  123. Prince George Citizen, 13 Apr 1965
  124. Prince George Citizen, 28 Jan 1981
  125. "Death Certificate (Lennox THOMPSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  126. Prince George Citizen: 27 May 1943
  127. Prince George Citizen, 17 May 1934
  128. "Death Certificate (Wilson Albert RIGGS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  129. "Death Certificate (Mary RIGGS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  130. Prince George Citizen, 11 Jan 1940
  131. Prince George Citizen, 28 Dec 1939
  132. "1927 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  133. "Death Certificate (Annie Armanda POPOVITCH)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  134. "Cemetery Project (George RIGGS)". www.geneofun.on.ca.
  135. Prince George Citizen, 3 Apr 1978
  136. "Marriage Certificate (RIGGS/ELGIE)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  137. "Cemetery Project (Wilbert A. RIGGS)". www.geneofun.on.ca.
  138. Prince George Citizen, 21 Jan 1999
  139. "Death Certificate (Lillian Oliveria Pearl HUNT)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  140. Prince George Citizen, 1 Aug 1985
  141. "Marriage Certificate (RIGGS/JOHNSON)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  142. Prince George Citizen, 14 Oct 1987
  143. "Marriage Certificate (NEDEN/RIGGS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  144. "1921 Census". www.bac-lac.gc.ca.
  145. Prince George Citizen, 14 Mar 1929
  146. Prince George Citizen: 24 Jul 1930 to 2 Oct 1930; & 22 Jan 1931 to 19 Mar 1931
  147. Prince George Citizen, 29 Sep 1938
  148. Prince George Citizen, 10 Jun 1937
  149. Prince George Citizen, 25 Jul 1940
  150. Prince George Citizen: 4 Dec 1941 & 16 Jul 1942
  151. Prince George Citizen: 10 Feb 1938 & 16 Feb 1939
  152. "Death Certificate (William Henry TURNER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  153. Prince George Citizen, 31 Mar 1949
  154. "Death Certificate (Estella Maude TURNER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  155. "Death Certificate (Earl Philip TURNER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  156. Prince George Citizen, 10 Apr 1984
  157. "1921 Census". www.bac-lac.gc.ca.
  158. "Death Certificate (Ronald Alexander TURNER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  159. Prince George Citizen, 9 Mar 1988
  160. "Death Certificate (Ernest Edward TURNER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  161. "Death Certificate (Herbert TURNER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  162. Prince George Citizen, 27 Apr 1953
  163. Prince George Citizen, 25 Jul 1969
  164. "Death Certificate (Gratian MUELLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  165. Prince George Citizen, 6 Jan 1971
  166. "Death Certificate (Mary MUELLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  167. "Death Certificate (Mary KUCHLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  168. "Death Certificate (Emma Barbara KETTER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  169. Prince George Citizen: 14 Oct 1937; 15 & 29 Sep 1938
  170. "Death Certificate (Edward Albert MUELLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  171. "Death Certificate (Paul MUELLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  172. Prince George Citizen, 20 Aug 1997
  173. Prince George Citizen: 24 Mar 1988 & 27 Feb 1998
  174. "1921 Census". www.bac-lac.gc.ca.
  175. Prince George Citizen, 13 Dec 1985
  176. "Obituary (John A. MUELLER)". www.quesnelobserver.com.
  177. Prince George Citizen, 10 May 2016
  178. Prince George Citizen, 19 Jul 1986
  179. Prince George Citizen, 24 Mar 1988
  180. "Death Certificate (George Herman KUCHLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  181. Prince George Citizen: 8 Aug 1940, 25 Sep 1941 & 16 Jul 1942
  182. Prince George Citizen, 19 May 1952 & 6 Oct 1958
  183. "Obituary (Marjorie MUELLER)". www.legacy.com.
  184. Prince George Citizen, 13 Feb 1968
  185. "Marriage Certificate (McCOY/MUELLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  186. Prince George Citizen: 10 Feb 1938, 24 Mar 1938 & 14 Apr 1938
  187. "Postmasters". www.bac-lac.gc.ca.
  188. Prince George Citizen: 12 Jul 1956 & 14 Mar 1957
  189. Prince George Citizen: 25 Sep 1957, 2 May 1979, 2 to 4 May 1983, 11 Oct 1986 & 30 Dec 1988
  190. "Death Certificate (Leonard Hubert JAECK)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  191. Prince George Citizen, 20 Feb 1958
  192. Prince George Citizen, 1 Aug 1946
  193. Prince George Citizen, 9 Jul 1931
  194. Prince George Citizen, 2 Jun 1927
  195. "1929 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  196. "1918 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  197. "1925 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  198. "1926 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  199. "Death Certificate (Alice Irene Read)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  200. "Marriage Certificate (READ/BLACK)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  201. Prince George Citizen, 1 Nov 1923
  202. Prince George Citizen, 28 Feb 1924
  203. Prince George Leader, 6 May 1921
  204. Prince George Citizen, 23 Sep 1937
  205. Prince George Leader, 7 Oct 1921
  206. Hall, Barbara; Nellis, Kris (2012). School District No. 57 (Prince George) historical memories. (Volume II): people, places, programs & services. Prince George Retired Teachers' Association, Education Heritage Committee.
  207. Prince George Citizen, 10 Sep 1931
  208. Prince George Citizen, 13 Oct 1927
  209. "Death Certificate (Sidney Tullar COATS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  210. "Death Certificate (Lulu May COATS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  211. "1923 BC Directory". www.bccd.vpl.ca.
  212. Prince George Citizen: 13 Mar 1924, 29 Aug 1946, 24 Jan 1952 & 19 Feb 1962
  213. PRC (1995). A Penny for Your Thoughts... The Penny Reunion Committee. p. 127.
  214. Prince George Citizen, 15 Dec 1949
  215. Prince George Citizen, 22 Mar 1989
  216. "Death Certificate (Elizabeth Forrest McGILLIVRAY)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  217. "1921 Census". www.bac-lac.gc.ca.
  218. "Marriage Certificate (McGILLIVRAY/COATS)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  219. "Death Certificate (Rory Roderick McClennan McGILLIVRAY)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  220. "The Daily Colonist, 14 Sep 1928". www.archive.org.
  221. Prince George Citizen, 13 Aug 1931
  222. Prince George Citizen, 9 Jun 1932
  223. Prince George Citizen, 12 Sep 1935
  224. Prince George Citizen, 10 Jun 1937 to 23 Sep 1937
  225. Prince George Citizen: 31 Jul 1999 & 2 Oct 2013
  226. Prince George Citizen: 18 Feb 1958, 26 Aug 1958 & 16 Aug 1960
  227. Prince George Citizen, 7 Jun 1945
  228. Prince George Citizen, 28 Jun 1945
  229. "Death Certificate (Cecil Albert Stanley ALCOCK)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  230. Prince George Citizen, 22 Jan 1948
  231. Prince George Citizen: 1 Jul 1948 & 6 Jan 1949
  232. Prince George Citizen: 14 Mar 1935 & 9 Feb 1939
  233. Prince George Citizen, 2 Feb 1939
  234. Prince George Citizen, 19 May 1938
  235. Prince George Citizen, 30 Mar 1939
  236. Prince George Citizen, 22 Jul 1937
  237. Prince George Citizen: 9 Sep 1937, 20 Jan 1938, 7 Jul 1938, 22 Dec 1938, 3 Aug 1939 & 8 Aug 1940
  238. Prince George Citizen: 4 Nov 1937, 14 Apr 1938, 9 Mar 1939, 4 Jul 1940 & 5 Feb 1942
  239. Prince George Citizen, 17 Oct 1946
  240. Prince George Citizen, 19 Sep 1955
  241. "Image: Longworth school". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  242. Prince George Citizen: 13 May 1937, 10 Jun 1937, 18 Nov 1937 & 23 Dec 1937
  243. Prince George Citizen, 21 Sep 1939
  244. Prince George Citizen: 3 Aug 1939 & 5 Oct 1939
  245. Prince George Citizen, 18 Sep 1941
  246. Prince George Citizen, 2 Sep 1943
  247. Prince George Citizen: 25 Nov 1954 & 13 Dec 1954
  248. Prince George Citizen, 20 Aug 1958
  249. Prince George Citizen: 2 Sep 1960 & 23 Oct 1963
  250. Prince George Citizen, 1 Sep 1966
  251. Prince George Citizen, 18 Jul 1990
  252. Prince George Citizen: 10 Sep 1931, 26 Mar 1936, & 9 Sep 1937
  253. Prince George Free Press: 24 Aug 1995, 5 Aug 1999 & 9 Aug 2001
  254. Prince George Citizen, 17 Nov 2000
  255. Prince George Citizen, 22 Oct 1999
  256. Olson, Raymond (2014). Ghost Towns on the East Line. Self-published. p. 89. ISBN 9780986924316.
  257. Prince George Citizen, 13 Mar 1924
  258. Prince George Citizen, 13 May 1937
  259. Prince George Citizen, 1 Jun 1939
  260. "Death Certificate (Charles John MILLER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  261. Prince George Citizen: 30 May 1955, 2 Jun 1955 & 12 Sep 1957
  262. "Death Certificate (Nels Adolf SJOLUND)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  263. Prince George Citizen: 19 Sep 1955 & 12 May 1959
  264. "Death Certificate (Orval PRATHER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  265. Prince George Citizen, 22 Jan 1964
  266. "Cemetery Project (Iva Pearl BERG)". www.geneofun.on.ca.
  267. "Obituary (Iva BERG)". www.legacy.com.
  268. Prince George Citizen, 22 Sep 2015
  269. Prince George Citizen, 6 Dec 2013
  270. Prince George Citizen, 6 Oct 1958
  271. Prince George Citizen, 22 Sep 1958
  272. "Marriage Certificate (BERG/PRATHER)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  273. Prince George Citizen, 30 Jan 1936
  274. "Death Certificate (Randy Peter BERG)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  275. Prince George Citizen: 18 Sep 1967 & 5 Oct 1967
  276. "Death Certificate (Carl Lenord BERG)". www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca.
  277. Prince George Citizen, 10 Nov 1987
  278. Prince George Citizen, 8 Sep 1972
  279. Prince George Citizen: 15, 16 & 25 Jun 1976
  280. Prince George Citizen: 19 Jun 1973 & 20 Aug 1973
  281. Prince George Citizen: 16 & 22 Aug 1977; 1 & 6 Sep 1977; 28 & 31 Jul 1978; 1 Aug 1978; & 23 Jan 1979
  282. Prince George Citizen, 25 Apr 1929
  283. Prince George Citizen: 3 Sep 1931 & 15 Oct 1931
  284. Prince George Citizen: 9 & 30 Jul 1936; & 27 Oct 1938
  285. Prince George Citizen, 18 Sep 1941
  286. Prince George Citizen: 19 Oct 1939 & 6 Sep 1945
  287. Prince George Citizen: 25 Feb 1952, 30 Nov 1953 & 24 Dec 1980
  288. "1949 DL Map". www.arcabc.ca. & "1956 Shell Map". www.davidrumsey.com. & "1958 Gousha Road Map". www.cartweb.geography.ua.edu.
  289. Prince George Citizen: 16 & 17 Aug 1960
  290. Prince George Citizen, 11 Jun 1977
  291. Prince George Citizen, 14 Jan 1981
  292. Prince George Citizen: 30 Dec 1986 & 11 Aug 1987
  293. Prince George Citizen, 26 Oct 1991
  294. Prince George Citizen, 19 Dec 1992
  295. Prince George Citizen, 17 Jan 1992
  296. Prince George Citizen, 7 May 2001
  297. Prince George Citizen, 2 Nov 2001
  298. Prince George Citizen, 25 Jul 2012
  299. Ward, Crissie; Stewart, Laureen (2000). "Upper Fraser Historical Geography Project Transcript" (PDF). www.nbca.unbc.ca. p. 16.
  300. Fort George Herald, 18 Feb 1914
  301. Prince George Citizen, 20 Jun 1929
  302. Prince George Citizen, 5 Sep 1957
  303. Prince George Citizen, 22 Dec 1980
  304. Prince George Citizen, 22 Nov 1993
  305. Prince George Citizen, 24 Sep 1993
  306. Prince George Citizen, 22 Oct 1998
  307. Prince George Citizen, 23 Feb 2001
  308. Prince George Citizen: 27 Oct 1964 & 7 Dec 1964
  309. Prince George Citizen: 13 Aug 1936 & 13 Dec 1985
  310. Prince George Citizen: 20 Jan 1989; & 21 Jul 1989 to 2 Aug 1989


gollark: interesitng.
gollark: Idea: apiomoderatoroforms.
gollark: By "land" do you mean "staff roles above helper"?
gollark: Perhaps this is an issue for the NUMERATE POLYMERS potatoqueue?
gollark: Of course.

References
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