List of state leaders in 1531
This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1531.
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Africa
- Kingdom of Baguirmi – Birni Besse (1522–1536)
- Ethiopian Empire – Dawit II (1508–1540)
- Kingdom of Kongo – Alfonso I, Manikongo (1509–1542)
- Sennar Sultanate – Amara Dunqas (1503–1533/4)
- Songhai Empire –
- Askia Musa, Askia of the Songhai Empire (1528–1531)
- Askia Mohammad Benkan, Askia of the Songhai Empire (1531–1537)
Americas
- Inca Empire – Huáscar (1527–1532)
- Muisca Confederation
- zipa - Tisquesusa (1514–1537)
- zaque - Quemuenchatocha (1490–1538)
Asia
- Ahmadnagar Sultanate – Burhan Shah I (1510–1553)
- Ahom Kingdom – Suhungmung(1497–1539)
- Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) – Borommarachathirat IV (1529–1533)
- China (Ming dynasty) - Jiajing Emperor (1521–1567)
- Kingdom of Cochin – Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
- Japan (Sengoku period)
- Monarch – Emperor Go-Nara (1526–1557)
- Ashikaga shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshiharu (1521–1546)
- Kengtung – Hpaya Kiao, ruled (1523–1560)
- Joseon (Korea) – Jungjong (1506–1544)
- Moghulistan – Sultan Said Khan (1514–1533)
- Mughal Empire – Humayun (1530–1539)
- Sultanate of Maguindanao – Sharif Kabungsuwan (1520–1543)
- Persia (Safavid Empire) - Tahmasp I (1525–1576)
- Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Sei (1527–1555)
- Sultanate of Sulu – Muizzul-Mutawadi-in (1527–1548)
- Tibet (Phagmodrupa dynasty) – Ngawang Tashi Drakpa (1499–1564)
- Vijayanagara Empire – Achyuta Deva Raya (1529–1542)
Europe
- Astrakhan Khanate – Qasim II of Astrakhan (1504–1532)
- Crimean Khanate – Saadet I Giray (1524–1532)
- Kingdom of Bohemia – Ferdinand I (1526–1564)
- Kingdom of Denmark–Norway – Frederick I (1523–1533)
- Duchy of Schleswig – Christian III (1523–1559) and Frederick I (1490–1533) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England – Henry VIII (1509–1547)
- Kingdom of France – Francis I (1515–1547)
- Holy Roman Empire – Charles V (1519–1556)
- Duchy of Holstein – Christian III (1523–1559) and Frederick I (1490–1533) in condominial rule
- Duchy of Mantua – Federico II (1500–1540)
- Duchy of Milan – Francesco II Sforza (1525–1535)
- Duchy of Savoy – Charles III (1504–1553)
- Malta – Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (began rule of Malta in 1530)
- Duchy of the Archipelago (Naxos) – John IV Crispo (1517–1564)
- Polish–Lithuanian union – Sigismund I the Old, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland (1506–1548)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Suleiman the Magnificent (1520–1566)
- Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – John III (1521–1557)
- Grand Duchy of Moscow – Vasili III (1505–1533)
- Kingdom of Scotland – James V (1513–1542)
- Kingdom of Spain – Charles I (1516–1556)
- Kingdom of Sweden – Gustav I Vasa (1521–1560)
- Republic of Venice – Andrea Gritti, Doge of Venice (1523–1538)
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