List of state leaders in 1519
Africa
- Ethiopian Empire – Dawit II (1508–1540)
- Kingdom of Kongo – Alfonso I, Manikongo (1509–1542)
- Sennar Sultanate – Amara Dunqas (1503–1533/4)
- Songhai Empire – Askia Mohammad I, Askia of the Songhai Empire (1493–1528)
- Wolof Empire – Bukaar Biye-Sungule (1492–1527)
Americas
- Aztec Empire – Moctezuma II (1502–1520)
- Inca Empire – Huayna Capac (1493–1527)
- Muisca Confederation
- zipa - Tisquesusa (1514–1537)
- zaque - Quemuenchatocha (1490–1538)
- Tlatelolco - Itzquauhtzin
Asia
- Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) – Ramathibodi II (1491–1529)
- China (Ming dynasty) - Zhengde Emperor (1505–1521)
- Kingdom of Cochin – Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
- Golconda Sultanate – Quli Qutb Mulk (1518–1543)
- Japan (Sengoku period)
- Monarch – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara (1500–1526)
- Ashikaga shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshitane (1508–1521)
- Khanate of Khiva – Ilbars I (1515–1525)
- Joseon (Korea) – Jungjong (1506–1544)
- Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Shin (1477–1526)
- Sunda Kingdom – Sri Baduga Maharaja (1482–1521)
- Tibet - Ngawang Tashi Drakpa (1499-1554)
- Vijayanagara Empire – Krishnadevaraya (1509–1529)
Europe
- Kingdom of Aragon – Charles I (1516–1556)
- Crown of Castile
- Queen - Joanna (1504–1555)
- Regent – Charles I, King of Aragon (1556–1556)
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Christian II, King of Denmark and Norway (1513–1523)
- Duchy of Schleswig – Christian II (1513–1523) and Frederick I (1490–1533) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England – Henry VIII (1509–1547)
- Kingdom of France – Francis I (1515–1547)
- Holy Roman Empire – Charles V (1519–1556)
- Duchy of Ferrara and Duchy of Modena and Reggio – Alfonso I d'Este (1505–1534)
- Duchy of Holstein – Christian II (1513–1523) and Frederick I (1490–1533) in condominial rule
- Margravate of Mantua – Federico II Gonzaga (1519–1530)
- Duchy of Urbino – Francesco Maria I della Rovere (1508–1534)
- Duchy of Savoy – Charles III (1504–1553)
- Kingdom of Hungary – Louis II (1516–1526)
- Grand Duchy of Lithuania – Sigismund I the Old (1506–1548)
- Grand Duchy of Moscow – Vasili III of Russia (1505–1533)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Selim I, the Grim (1512–1520)
- Papal States – Pope Leo X (1513–1521)
- Kingdom of Poland – Sigismund I the Old (1506–1548)
- Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Manuel I (1495–1521)
- Kingdom of Scotland – James V (1513–1542)
- Kingdom of Sweden – Sten Sture the Younger, Regent of Sweden (1512–1520)
- Republic of Venice – Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (1501–1521)
gollark: Oh, flash storage, that is a huge one.
gollark: ... which we *have had*, modern computers are better than 30-year-old ones.
gollark: So, say, OLEDs, capacitative touchscreens (okay, I'm not sure how old those are), much faster RAM and new RAM technologies, laptops which you can actually carry, and transistors at the scale of tens of nanometres are not "new technologies"?
gollark: Laptops now are very different to ye olden laptops, touchscreens... are generally better now, I guess, LCDs can go to crazy resolutions and refresh rates and are being replaced by OLEDs in some areas, "microprocessors" is so broad and ignores the huge amount of advancement there.
gollark: I mean, yes, we have those still, but they're very broad categories.
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