List of massacres in Azerbaijan

The following lists are of massacres that have occurred in Azerbaijan (numbers may be approximate).

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Before 1988

Name	Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Targeted group	Notes
Battle of Ganja (1804)	1804	February	Ganja	3,000[1]-7,000[2]	Azeri inhabitants of Ganja	Civilians were massacred during the capture of the city by the Russians; some of the captured soldiers were executed[3]
Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–1907	1905– 1907	February	Baku; Nakhichevan; Shusha; Tiflis	3,000-10,000	Armenians, Azeris
Shamkhor Massacre	1918	January	Şəmkir	1,000	armed Russian soldiers	Russian soldiers killed by Azerbaijani nationalists[4][5][6]
March Days	1918	March 30-April 2	Azerbaijan	12,000-25,000	Azeris	Azeris and other Muslim civilians were killed by members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks.[8][8]
September Days	1918	September	Baku	10,000-15,000	Armenians	Armenians killed by the Army of Islam;[9][10] victims include small children, and many robberies and rapes took place during the massacre[11]
Khaibalikend Massacre	1919	June 5-7	Nagorno-Karabakh	600-700	Armenians	Armenians killed by armed ethnic Azeri and Kurdish irregulars and Azerbaijani soldiers;[12] many women and children were killed, bodies were dumped into water wells, and the villages of Khaibalikend, Jamillu, Karkujahan and Pahliul were destroyed[13][14]
Shusha pogrom	1920	March 22–26	Shusha	500[15][16]	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis; many children were killed and many women were raped
1920 Ganja Revolt	1920	June	Ganja	15,000	Azeris	Bolsheviks slaughtered civilians including women and children after the capture of rebel Ganja. Many women were raped and Koran were burnt.[17][18]

Nagorno-Karabakh War (1988-1994)

The following is a list of massacres and pogroms, which took place in the course of the Nagorno-Karabakh War between Armenians and Azerbaijanis.

Name	Year	Date	Location	Deaths	Targeted group	Notes
Sumgait pogrom	1988	February 27-March 1	Sumgait	32 (26 Armenians and 6 Azeris[19]) Armenian claims: +200[19]	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azeris; 20 ambulances were destroyed,[20] and reports detail widespread rape,[21] mutilation, robberies, and disembowling of fetuses[22][23]
Kirovabad pogrom	1988	November	Kirovabad	7[24] (3 Soviet Soldiers, 3 Armenians and 1 Azeri[25]) Armenian claims: +130	Armenians	Victims include Soviet soldiers, Azeris and Armenians
Baku Pogrom	1990	January 13	Baku	90	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azeris; many incidents of rape, robbery, and torture;[26] 700 injured[27][28]
Black January	1990	January 19–20	Baku, Azerbaijan	133-137	Peaceful protesters of the Azerbaijani national independence movement	Killed by Soviet troops; ambulance workers rushing to help the wounded and random by-passers, including women and children, among the dead
Siege of Stepanakert	1991-1992	November—May 9	Stepanakert	169	Armenians	Armenians killed by Azeris
Malibeyli and Gushchular Massacre	1992	February 10–12	Malibeyli, Ashaghi Gushchular, Yukhari Gushchular villages of Shusha Rayon	8 (According to Helsinki Watch[29]) or 15-50 (According to Azeri sources[30])	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenian irregular armed units[29]
Capture of Garadaghly	1992	February 17	Qaradağlı, Khojavend	20-90	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenian Troops[31]
Khojaly Massacre	1992	February 25—26	Xocalı, Azerbaijan	161-[32]613[33]	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenian Troops; many women and children among the dead[34]
Ağdaban Massacre	1992	April 8	Ağdaban, Kalbajar	67-99[35]	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenian troops, 60 to 140 injured[35][36]
Maraga Massacre	1992	April 10	Maraga	40-100	Armenians	Armenians killed, many decapitated; bodies were buried in a mass grave outside the village[37]
Capture of Shusha	1992	May 8—9	Shusha	193 (Azerbaijani claims)	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenians
Ballıqaya Massacre	1992	August 28	Ballıqaya, Goranboy	24	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenian troops
Başlıbel Massacre	1993	April—August	Başlıbel	27	Azeris	Azeris killed by Armenian troops[38]

References

1. Peter Avery; William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly, Charles Melville (1991-10-25). The Cambridge history of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic. Cambridge University Press. p. 332. ISBN 978-0-521-20095-0.
2. Mansoori, Firooz (2008). "17". Studies in History,Language and Culture of Azerbaijan (in Persian). Tehran: Hazar-e Kerman. p. 245. ISBN 978-600-90271-1-8.
3. THE SIEGE AND ASSAULT OF FORTRESS GANJA ,(in Russian)
4. The formation of the Soviet Union: communism and nationalism, 1917-1923 By Richard Pipes - page 103
5. the Modern encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet history, Volume 39 by Joseph L. Wieczynski - page 170
6. Wladimir S. Woytinsky: La Democratie. p. 113
7. Michael Smith. "Pamiat' ob utratakh i Azerbaidzhanskoe obshchestvo/Traumatic Loss and Azerbaijani. National Memory". Azerbaidzhan i Rossiia: obshchestva i gosudarstva (Azerbaijan and Russia: Societies and States) (in Russian). Sakharov Center. Retrieved 21 August 2011.
8. "New Republics in the Caucasus". The New York Times Current History. 11 (2): 492. March 1920.
9. Hovannisian. Armenia on the Road to Independence, p. 227.
10. Human Rights Watch. Playing the "Communal Card": Communal Violence and Human Rights. New York: Human Rights Watch, 1995.
11. Walker. Armenia, p. 261.
12. Hovannisian, Richard. The Republic of Armenia: Vol. I, The First Year, 1918-1919. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971, pp. 176-177, notes 51-52.
13. (in Armenian) Vratsian, Simon. Հայաստանի Հանրապետութիւն (The Republic of Armenia). Paris: H.H.D. Amerikayi Publishing, 1928, pp. 286-87.
14. Hovannisian. Republic of Armenia, Vol. I, p. 181.
15. Richard G. Hovannisian. The Republic of Armenia, Vol. III: From London to Sèvres, February–August 1920
16. Thomas de Waal. Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through Peace and War. ISBN 0-8147-1944-9
17. The I.L.P.'s ALLIES. Soviet Massacre in the Caucasus // Western Gazette. — 1920. — 1 June. — page 12.
18. 15,000 massacred // Cheltenham Chronicle. — 1920. — 2 June. — page 4
19. "Sumgayıt Pogromu - Vikipedi". tr.m.wikipedia.org (in Turkish). Retrieved 2020-02-28.
20. (in Russian) "Сумгаит, Один месяц поздно" ("Sumgait, One Month Later"). Moskovskiye Novosti. April 13, 1988.
21. Shahmuratian. Sumgait Tragedy, Interview with Levon Akopyan, p. 227.
22. Lee, Gary. "Eerie Silence Hangs Over Soviet City." Washington Post. September 4, 1988. p. A33. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
23. Ein Volk, ein Land. DER SPIEGEL 13/1988
24. Parks, Michael (November 27, 1988). "Soviet Tells of Blocking Slaughter of Armenians: General Reports His Soldiers Have Suppressed Dozens of Massacre Attempts by Azerbaijanis". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
25. "Pogrom - Wikipedia". en.m.wikipedia.org. Retrieved 2020-02-28.
26. Committee on the elimination of discrimination against women
27. Europa World Year: Book 1 - Page 638, Taylor & Francis Group
28. Thomas de Waal: Black Garden - Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. New York University Press, 2003, p. 90
29. Denber, Rachel; Goldman, Robert K. (1992). Bloodshed in the Caucasus: escalation of the armed conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. Praeger Publishers. pp. 24–27. ISBN 0-275-96241-5. Retrieved 2010-12-20. Kalbajar.
30. Denber, Rachel; Goldman, Robert K. (1992). Bloodshed in the Caucasus: escalation of the armed conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. Praeger Publishers. pp. 24–27. ISBN 0-275-96241-5. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
31. "Letter dated 20 May 2005 from the Permanent Representative of Azerbaijan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2009. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
32. "Human Rights Watch World Report 1993 – The Former Soviet Union". Hrw.org. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
33. "Hocalı Katliamı - Vikipedi". tr.m.wikipedia.org (in Turkish). Retrieved 2020-02-28.
34. Letter from the Charge d'affaires a.i. of the Permanent Mission of Azerbaijan to the United Nations Office Archived 2012-02-17 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 August 2013
35. Small Nations and Great Powers - Svante E. Cornell
36. "Ayın Tarihi". Archived from the original on 24 July 2009. Retrieved 24 June 2009.
37. Cox, Caroline and John Eibner. Ethnic Cleansing in Progress: War in Nagorno Karabakh. Zurich and Washington D.C.: Institute for Religious Minorities in the Islamic World, p. 58, 1993.
38. Erməni zülmünün Başlıbel - "Qanlı kaha" səhifəsi