List of earth stations in Australia

A number of historic and current Earth (or ground) stations in Australia are used to communicate and track human-made satellites. Many of the sites are associated with overseas government partnerships established generally with the United States, European Union, and Japan. They are generally run by various Australian Government agencies along with NASA, European Space Agency or the US Military.

List of sites

No.StationComplexLocationOverseas country/company involvedPurposeActive
1Island Lagoon Tracking StationIsland Lagoon Tracking StationWoomera, SA United StatesMinitrack Radio Tracking Station
Baker-Nunn Camera Optical Tracking Station.
Project Mercury Radio Tracking Stations
Deep Space Probe Radio Tracking Station (85 foot diameter antenna)
No
2Joint Defense Facility NurrungarIsland Lagoon Tracking StationArcoona, SA United StatesSpace based surveillance. Moved to Pine GapNo
3Muchea Tracking StationMuchea Tracking StationMuchea, WA United StatesProject Mercury (replaced by Carnarvon)No
4(Unknown) Adelaide Earth Station(Unknown) Adelaide Earth StationAdelaide, SA United StatesUnknown transit Navigational Satellite Program for weather facilities - required an Earth station near Adelaide.[1]Unknown
5Canberra Deep Space Communication ComplexCanberra Deep Space Communication ComplexTidbinbilla, ACT United StatesNASA Deep Space NetworkYes
6Carnarvon Tracking StationCarnarvon Earth StationsCarnarvon, WA United StatesTracking and Data Acquisition Station for uncrewed scientific and crewed satellitesYes
7OTC Satellite Earth Station CarnarvonCarnarvon Earth StationsCarnarvon, WA EuropeEuropean Space Agency - Space vehicle trackingYes
8(Unknown) Darwin Earth station(Unknown) Darwin Earth stationDarwin, NT United StatesUnknown Mobile Data Acquisition Station for uncrewed scientific satellites and space vehicles.[2] Possibly Shoal Bay Receiving StationUnknown
9Honeysuckle Creek Tracking StationHoneysuckle Creek Tracking StationHoneysuckle Creek, ACT United StatesTracking and Data Acquisition Station, primarily for support of crewed flightNo
10Cooby Creek Tracking StationCooby Creek Tracking StationSouth of Toowoomba, QLD United StatesApplications Technology Satellite (ATS) facilityNo
11Parkes CSIRO Earth StationParkes CSIRO Earth StationParkes, NSWCSIROCSIRO, NASA Deep Space Network.[3]Yes
12Orroral Valley Tracking StationOrroral Valley Tracking StationOrroral Valley, ACT United States  FranceNASA Deep Space Network, DORIS (geodesy)[4]No[5][6]
13YatharaggaYatharagga West Australian Space CentreNear Yarragadee, WA United States  FranceNASA Mobile Laser Ranging Facility and DORIS (geodesy) beacon[4][6] - now operated by the Swedish Space CorporationYes
14Pine GapPine GapNear Alice Springs, NT United StatesTracking and Data Relay Satellite System, ECHELON, Aquacade trackingYes
15Crib Point Satellite Earth Station at HMAS Cerberus Naval BaseCrib Point Satellite Earth Station at HMAS Cerberus Naval BaseNear Crib Point, VIC JapanMeteorological Satellite Earth Station for Japanese and Chinese weather satellites e.g. Himawari Geostationary Meteorological Satellites.Yes
16New Norcia StationNew Norcia StationNew Norcia, WA EuropeESTRACK for the European Space AgencyYes
17Australian Defence Satellite Communications StationAustralian Defence Satellite Communications StationGeraldton, WA United StatesECHELONYes
18Dongara Satellite StationYatharagga West Australian Space CentreNear Yarragadee, WA United StatesEarth station Tracking and Data Relay Satellite Facility - now operated by the Swedish Space CorporationYes
19Perth StationPerth International Telecommunications CentreGnangara (Perth), WA EuropeESTRACK for the European Space Agency operated by the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia) and Parkes Radiotelescope of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial ResearchYes
20Regency Park Optus Earth StationRegency Park Optus Earth StationRegency Park, SAOptus - SingTel, IntelsatIntelsat Earth station with 1 tracking and 2 fixed antennae and serves as a Tracking, Telemetry & Control backup site.[3]Yes
21Belrose Optus Earth StationBelrose Optus Earth StationBelrose, NSWOptus - SingTelBelrose is the key operations centre for Optus telecommunications satellite services and controls the Optus satellite fleet. Belrose Satellite Operations comprises teams for satellite control, satellite support, satellite network management, VSAT operations and Earth station support. Belrose also provides launch support and consulting services for non-Optus satellites, whose global operations encompass Norway, Sweden, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Japan. The site hosts a total of 44 antennae, 8 tracking and 36 fixed. It has 61 high power amplifiers for transmission.[3]Yes
22Lockridge Optus Earth StationLockridge Optus Earth StationLockridge, WAOptus - SingTelThe Lockridge Earth Station supports international and domestic satellite services. It is continuously staffed as a key Tracking, Telemetry & Control facility. It hosts 12 tracking and 10 fixed antennae.[3]Yes
23Oxford Falls Optus Earth StationOxford Falls Optus Earth StationOxford Falls, NSWOptus - SingTel, IntelsatThe Oxford Falls Earth Station is Optus' international gateway for voice, data and video services from international news gatherers as well as providing international communications for key Australian government departments and pay TV providers. The 8 antennas (4 tracking) at Oxford Falls are pointed to 2 Intelsat satellites, as well as New Skies and Asiasat satellites.[3]Yes
24Tasmanian Earth Resources Satellite StationTasmanian Earth Resources Satellite StationHobart, TASVariousThe Tasmanian Earth Resources Satellite Station (TERSS) is an X-band groundstation designed and built in Australia. TERSS was created by a group of partners including: CSIRO Division of Oceanography, CSIRO Office of Space Science and Applications, The University of Tasmania, The Australian Space Office, The Bureau of Meteorology, The Australian Centre for Remote Sensing (ACRES), The Australian Antarctic Division[7]Yes
25Uralla Lockheed Martin Earth StationUralla Lockheed Martin Earth StationUralla, NSWLockheed MartinLockheed Martin Australia owns and operates this Earth station to provide telemetry, tracking and command services for a wide range of customers.[8][3]Yes
26Mawson Lakes NewSat Earth StationMawson Lakes NewSat Earth StationMawson Lakes (Adelaide), SANewSat12 antennas from 2.4 to 13 m in diameter, with C and Ku - band capabilities to 12 geosynchronous satellites.[3]Yes
27Bassendean NewSat Earth StationBassendean NewSat Earth StationBassendean (Perth), WANewSat11 antennas from 2.4 to 13 m in diameter, with C and Ku - band capabilities to 9 geosynchronous satellites.[3]Yes
28Sydney BoM Earth StationSydney BoM Earth StationSydney, NSWBoMOne or more satellite antennas that receive data either in L-band or X-band. The signals are processed by on-site computers and the ingested satellite data is distributed around Australia and internationally.[3]Yes
29Melbourne BoM Earth StationMelbourne BoM Earth StationMelbourne, VICBoMOne or more satellite antennas that receive data either in L-band or X-band. The signals are processed by on-site computers and the ingested satellite data is distributed around Australia and internationally.[3]Yes
30Perth WASTAC Earth StationPerth WASTAC Earth StationMurdoch (Perth), WAWASTACThere is one receiver: an L and X-band receiver at Murdoch University, Murdoch. A microwave link exists between the various WASTAC members: Bureau of Meteorology, Landgate's - Satellite Remote Sensing Services, Curtin University of Technology's - Remote Sensing and Satellite Research Group, CSIRO Space Sciences and Technology, Murdoch University, Geoscience Australia[9]Yes
31Shoal Bay Receiving StationShoal Bay Receiving StationShoal Bay (Darwin), NTASD17 antennas. Possibly ECHELONYes
32Darwin Weather Data Earth StationShoal Bay Receiving StationShoal Bay (Darwin), NTBoMOne or more satellite antennas that receive data either in L-band or X-band. The signals are processed by on-site computers and the ingested satellite data is distributed around Australia and internationally.[3]Yes
33Casey StationCasey StationCasey Station (Antarctica), AADBoM, AADANARESAT satellite communications antenna[10]
A Himawari-8 satellite tracking antenna[11]
Yes
34Davis StationDavis StationDavis Station (Antarctica), AADBoM, AADANARESAT satellite communications antenna[10]
A Himawari-8 satellite tracking antenna[3][11]
Yes
35Mawson StationMawson StationMawson Station (Antarctica), AADAADANARESAT satellite communications antenna[10]Yes
36Macquarie Island StationMacquarie Island StationMacquarie Island Station (Antarctica), AADAADANARESAT satellite communications antenna[10]Yes
37Parkes CSIRO Earth StationParkes CSIRO Earth StationParkes, NSWCSIROCSIRO, NASA Deep Space Network.[3]Yes
38Australian Defence Satellite Communications StationAustralian Defence Satellite Communications StationKojarena, near Geraldton WA United Statessignals intelligence facility.[3]Yes
39Mount Stromlo ObservatoryMount Stromlo ObservatoryMount Stromlo, ACT FranceDORIS (geodesy) beacon[4][6] moved from Orroral Valley.Yes
40BLUEsat UNSW/ACSER Groundstation, UNSW, KensingtonUNSWKensington, NSWBLUEsat UNSWMicrosatellite Groundstation [12]Yes
41Oxford Falls Telstra Earth Station (Sydney Earth Station)Oxford Falls Telstra International Telecommunication CentreOxford Falls, NSWTelstra International - Telstra,The Oxford Falls Earth Station (Sydney Earth Station) is a Telstra International gateway for voice, data and video services. It provides diverse international and domestic services to private enterprise and Australian government departments, remote sites, mobility providers and pay TV providers. This site has 22 antennas which are pointed to a variety of satellite positions in the Asia-Pacific Region.Yes
42Gnangara Telstra Earth Station (Perth Earth Station)Perth Telstra International Telecommunication CentreLandsdale, Western Australia Telstra International - Telstra,The Gnangara Earth Station (Perth Earth Station) is a Telstra International gateway for voice, data and video services. It provides diverse international and domestic services to private enterprise and Australian government departments, remote sites, mobility providers and pay TV providers. This site has 20 antennas which are pointed to a variety of satellite positions in the Asia-Pacific and Indian Ocean Regions.Yes
43HMAS HarmanDefence Communications Station (DEFCOMMSTA) CanberraHarman, ACTRoyal Australian NavyDefence communications (35.3505°S 149.1994°E / -35.3505; 149.1994)Yes
44OptusHume, ACTOptus35.3953°S 149.1662°E / -35.3953; 149.1662Yes

Treaties

A number of treaties and other instruments associated with the stations:

Date Country Details Station
7 June 1957 United StatesUnited States Naval Research Laboratory and the Department of Supply of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia to establish the Minitrack Radio Tracking Station at Woomera.[13]Island Lagoon Tracking Station
12 September 1957 United StatesSmithsonian Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution and the Department of Supply of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia to establish Baker-Nunn Camera Optical Tracking Station at Woomera.[13]Island Lagoon Tracking Station
26 February 1960 United StatesThe first formalised agreement between the US and Australia on Space Vehicle and Communication establishing the early tracking stations of 1957 as well as new stations at Woomera and Perth for Project Mercury, as well as a Deep Space Probe Radio Tracking Station (85 foot diameter antenna) at Woomera.[13]Island Lagoon Tracking Station, Muchea Tracking Station
5 June 1961 United StatesTransit Navigational Satellite Program for weather facilities - required an Earth station near Adelaide.[1]Unknown
11 February 1963 United StatesExtending the 1960 agreement to cover Carnarvon, Darwin and what would become Tidbinbilla/Orroral Valley Tracking Station for NASA Deep Space Radio Tracking.[2]Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Orroral Valley Tracking Station Carnarvon Tracking Station, Darwin Earth Station
22 October 1963 United StatesFurther formalisation of Tibinbilla and Orroral Valley Tracking Station for a Deep Space Radio Tracking Facility and a Wide Band Command and Data Acquisition Facility.[14]Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Carnarvon Tracking Station, Orroral Valley Tracking Station
10 February 1965 United StatesAddition of a "Tracking and Data Acquisition Station, primarily for support of crewed flight, to be located near Canberra" (Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station).[15]Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station
7 December 1965 United StatesAddition of a "Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) facility at Cooby Creek, Darling Downs near Toowoomba." (Cooby Creek Tracking Station)[16]Cooby Creek Tracking Station
26 February 1970 United StatesConfirming the present sites, and adding that a 210-foot-diameter antenna shall be established at the Tidbinbilla Deep Space Station[17]Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex
7 July 1977 JapanTurn Around Ranging Station (unspecified) supporting the first Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS or Himarwari 1)[18]Unspecified
27 June 1978 United StatesAddding Yatharagga to US agreement.[19]Yatharagga
15 June 1979 EuropeAgreement between the Government of Australia and the European Space Agency for a Co-operative Space Vehicle Tracking Program[20]OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon, Perth International Telecommunications Centre
26 May 1980 United StatesConfirming the list of active sites.[21]no new sites
22 September 1981 JapanTurn Around Ranging Station (unspecified) supporting Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-2 (GMS or Himarwari 2)[22]Unspecified - possibly Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
1 May 1985 JapanTurn Around Ranging Station (unspecified) supporting Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-3 (GMS or Himarwari 3)[23]Unspecified - possibly Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
21 January 1987 EuropeFurther to the agreement of 1979 identification of sites as Carnarvon (OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon) and Gnangara (Perth) (Perth International Telecommunications Centre) operated by the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia) and Parkes Radiotelescope of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation.[24]OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon, Perth International Telecommunications Centre
16 November 1988 United StatesExtending Pine Gap[25]Pine Gap
2 May 1990 United StatesUpdate of active stations to: Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Yarragadee, and Alice Springs (Pine Gap)[26]Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Yatharagga, Pine Gap
8 August 1990 JapanAgreement to support the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-4 (GMS or Himarwari 4) through a Turn Around Ranging Station (at Crib Point Satellite Earth Station)[27][28]Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
18 October 1994 FranceDORIS Beacon agreements[6]Yatharagga, Orroral Valley Tracking Station, Mount Stromlo Observatory
20 October 1997 JapanAgreement to support the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5 (GMS or Himarwari 5) through a Turn Around Ranging Station (at Crib Point Satellite Earth Station)[29][28]Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
4 June 1998 United StatesExtension of Pine Gap arrangement[30]Pine Gap
4 August 2000 United StatesRemoval of Yarragadee from the agreement.[31]Yatharagga
16 February 2007 United StatesAgreement with the US on what would become project ECHELON at the Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station[32][33][34][35]Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station
23 August 2007 EuropeGeneral agreement[36]Unspecified
25 February 2010 United StatesAddition of a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite Facility at Dongara.[37]Dongara Satellite Station
11 January 2012 United StatesExtension of 2010 agreement to 2014.[38]N/A
27 March 2014 United StatesExtension of 2012 agreement to 2018.[39]N/A
gollark: Oh, good, so I'm just putting mysterious metallurgic concoctions into mysterious lightning domes **without** aliens.
gollark: I would check in my own game, but unfortunately my science area is off while I un-horrible-mess my smelting system.
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gollark: Oops.

References

  1. “Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in a Transit Navigational Satellite Program ATS 10 of 1961 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  2. “Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America amending the Agreement relating to Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications of 26 February 1960. ATS 6 of 1963”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  3. "Australian Space Communication Stations". www.spaceacademy.net.au. Australian Space Academy. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  4. Australia, c\=AU\;o\=Australia Government\;ou\=Geoscience (15 May 2014). "Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite". www.ga.gov.au. Geoscience Australia. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  5. "Orroral Geodetic Observatory" (PDF). ACT Heritage Council. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  6. "Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the French Republic on a Programme involving the Establishment and Use of the "DORIS" Precise Satellite Location Beacon System in Australia ATS 34 of 1994”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  7. "REMOTE SENSING PROJECT". www.marine.csiro.au. CSIRO. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  8. "Lockheed Martin · Satellite Tracking & Control". www.lockheedmartin.com.au. Lockheed Martin Australia. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  9. "WASTAC". www.wastac.wa.gov.au. Western Australia Government. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  10. "Australian Antarctic Magazine Issue 10" (PDF). www.antarctica.gov.au. Australian Antarctic Division. 1 March 2006. Retrieved 26 April 2017. he first satellite earth-station, which includes a 7.3 m dish antenna, was installed and commissioned at Davis in March 1987. Mawson was commissioned in January 1988, Casey in March 1988, and Macquarie Island in December 1988.
  11. "About environmental satellites". www.bom.gov.au. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 26 April 2017. In order to access this meteorological data the Bureau of Meteorology has high bandwidth internet, as well as satellite data reception sites at Melbourne, Darwin and Perth, as well as Casey and Davis stations in Antarctica.
  12. "BLUEsat Groundstation". BLUEsat UNSW. BLUEsat UNSW. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  13. “Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America relating to Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications. ATS 2 of 1960”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  14. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America to further amend the Agreement relating to Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications of 26 February 1960 ATS 24 of 1963 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  15. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Government of the United States of America to further amend the Agreement relating to Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications of 26 February 1960. ATS 2 of 1965”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  16. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Government of the United States of America to further amend the Agreement relating to Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications of 26 February 1960 ATS 21 of 1965 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  17. “Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications Facilities. ATS 4 of 1970”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  18. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Japan concerning Co-operation on the Project for the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite System ATS 17 of 1977 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  19. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement amending the Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communication Facilities of 25 March 1970 ATS 12 of 1978 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  20. “Agreement between the Government of Australia and the European Space Agency for a Co-operative Space Vehicle Tracking Program. ATS 9 of 1979”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  21. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communication Facilities ATS 15 of 1980 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  22. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Japan concerning Co-operation on the Project for the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-2 System ATS 19 of 1981 ". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  23. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Japan concerning Co-operation on the Project for the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-3 System ATS 14 of 1985". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  24. "Exchange of Letters constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the European Space Agency to amend the Agreement for a Co-operative Space Vehicle Tracking Program of 15 June 1979 ATS 29 of 1987”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  25. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America amending the Agreement on the Establishment of a Joint Space Research Facility of 9 December 1966, as amended [Pine Gap] ATS 36 of 1988”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  26. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America to amend and extend the Agreement concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communication Facilities of 29 May 1980 ATS 15 of 1990”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  27. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Japan concerning Cooperation on the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-4 System ATS 28 of 1985". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  28. "Crib Point Satellite Earth Station: celebrating 20 years of service - Social Media Blog - Bureau of Meteorology". media.bom.gov.au. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
  29. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Japan concerning Cooperation on the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5 System ATS 32 of 1997". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  30. “Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America to further extend in force the Agreement relating to the Establishment of a Joint Defence Facility at Pine Gap of 9 December 1966, as amended (Canberra, 4 June 1998). ATS 27 of 2000”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  31. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America to further amend and extend the Agreement concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communication Facilities of 29 May 1980, as amended (Canberra, 4 August 2000). ATS 32 of 2000”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 15 April 2017.
  32. "Agreement Between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America on Cooperation in Science and Technology for Homeland/Domestic Security Matters (Washington, 21 December 2005) ATS 15 of 2007". Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 18 April 2017.
  33. "Australia-US Joint Communications Facility To Be Hosted At Geraldton" (Press release). Brendan Nelson, Minister for Defence. 15 February 2007. Archived from the original on 23 May 2007. Retrieved 2011-08-11.
  34. "MOU Signed For Australia-US Joint Military Communications Ground Station" (Press release). Department of Defence. 2007-11-08. Archived from the original on 2012-11-27. Retrieved 2011-08-11.
  35. "Australian and United States Defence Satellite Cooperation at Geraldton" (Press release). Department of Defence. 2008-07-21. Archived from the original on 2012-11-29. Retrieved 2011-08-11.
  36. "Agreement between the Government of Australia and the European Space Agency for a Co-operative Space Vehicle Tracking Program (Capetown, 5 October 2011) - ATS 29 of 2012”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 18 April 2017.
  37. "Amendment and Extension of the Agreement Between the Government of Australia and the Government of the United States of America concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communications Facilities Effected by Exchange of Notes at Canberra May 29, 1980, as amended (Canberra, 25 February 2010) - ATS 9 of 2010”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 18 April 2017.
  38. "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement to amend the Agreement between the (Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and theGovernment of Australia concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communication Facilities (Canberra, 11 January 2012) - ATS 4 of 2012”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 18 April 2017.
  39. "Exchange of Notes, done at Canberra on 21 November 2013, constituting an Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Australia to amend the Agreement concerning Space Vehicle Tracking and Communication Facilities of 29 May 1980, as amended (Canberra, 21 November 2013) - ATS 8 of 2014”. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 18 April 2017.
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