List of chess openings
This is a list of chess openings, organized by the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) code. In 1966, Chess Informant categorized the chess openings into five broad areas ("A" through "E"), with each of those broken down into one hundred subcategories ("00" through "99"). The openings were published in five volumes of ECO, with volumes labeled "A" through "E". This is a list of chess openings by the ECO classification.
A – Flank openings
- White first moves other than 1.e4, 1.d4 (A00–A39)
- 1.d4 without 1...d5, 1...Nf6 or 1...f5: Atypical replies to 1.d4 (A40–A44)
- 1.d4 Nf6 without 2.c4: Atypical replies to 1...Nf6 (A45–A49)
- 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 without 2...e6 or 2...g6: Atypical Indian systems (A50–A79)
- 1.d4 f5: Dutch Defence (A80–A99)
A00–A39
White first moves other than 1.e4, 1.d4:
- A00 Irregular Openings
- Anderssen's Opening: 1.a3
- Anderssen's Opening, Polish Gambit: 1...a5 2.b4
- Bugayev Attack 2...e5
- Anderssen's Opening, Creepy Crawly Formation: 1...e5 2.h3 d5
- Anderssen's Opening, Andersspike: 1...g6 2.g4
- Ware Opening: 1.a4
- Ware Opening, Wing Gambit: 1...b5 2.axb5 Bb7
- Ware Opening, Ware Gambit: 1...e5 2.a5 d5 3.e3 f5 4.a6
- Ware Opening, Crab Variation: 1...e5 2.h4
- Sodium Attack: 1.Na3
- Sodium Attack, Durkin Gambit: 1...e5 2.Nc4 Nc6 3. e4 f5
- Sokolsky Opening: 1.b4
- Sokolsky Opening, Birmingham Gambit: 1...c5
- Sokolsky Opening, Outflank Variation: 1...c6
- Sokolsky Opening, Schuhler Gambit: 1...c6 2.Bb2 a5 3.b5 cxb5 4.e4
- Sokolsky Opening, Myers Variation: 1...d5 2.Bb2 c6 3.a4
- Sokolsky Opening, Bugayev Attack: 1...e5 2.a3
- Sokolsky Opening, Wolferts Gambit: 1...e5 2.Bb2 c5
- Saragossa Opening: 1.c3
- Van Geet Opening: 1.Nc3
- Van 't Kruijs Opening: 1.e3
- Mieses Opening: 1.d3
- Barnes Opening: 1.f3
- Barnes Opening, Hammerschlag Variation: 1...e5 2.Kf2
- Benko's Opening: 1.g3
- Myers Defense 1...g5 [1]
- Grob's Attack: 1.g4
- Coca-Cola Gambit:1...g5 2.f4
- Alessi Gambit: 1...f5
- Clemenz Opening: 1.h3
- Desprez Opening: 1.h4
- Amar Opening: 1.Nh3
- A01 Larsen's Opening: 1.b3
- Modern variation: 1...e5
- Classical variation: 1...d5
- Indian variation: 1...Nf6
- Symmetrical variation: 1...b6
- English variation: 1...c5
- Polish variation: 1...b5
- Dutch variation: 1...f5
- A02 Bird's Opening: 1.f4 (Dutch Attack, without: 1...d5, 1...g6 2.e4, 1...Nf6 2.d4, 1...e5 2.e4, 1...c5 2.e4, 1...d6 2.e4)
- From Gambit: 1...e5 (without: 2.e4)
- Symmetrical variation: 1...f5
- A03 Bird's Opening: 1...d5 (without: 2.d4)
- Mujannah-Sturm Gambit: 2.c4
- Lasker variation: 2.e3
- Williams Gambit: 2.e4
- A04 Réti Opening: 1.Nf3 (without: 1...Nf6, 1...d5, 1...c6 2.c4, 1...c6 2.d4, 1...c6 2.e4, 1...c6 2.g3 d5, 1...f5 2.c4, 1...f5 2.d4, 1...f5 2.e4 e5, 1...g6 2.c4, 1...g6 2.d4, 1...c5 2.c4, 1...c5 2.e4, 1...Nc6 2.e4, 1...e6 2.c4, 1...e6 2.d4, 1...e6 2.e4, 1...d6 2.c4, 1...d6 2.d4, 1...d6 2.e4, 1...b6 2.c4, 1...e5 2.e4, 1...a6 2.e4 e5)
- A05 Réti Opening: 1...Nf6 (without: 2.c4, 2.d4, 2.Nc3, 2.g3 d5 2.d3 d5)
- Santassiere's Folly: 2.b4
- Nimzo-Larsen Attack: 2.b3
- A06 Réti Opening: 1...d5
- A07 Réti Opening, King's Indian Attack (Barcza System): 1...d5 2.g3
- Keres variation: 2...Bg4
- Yugoslav variation: 2...c6
- A08 Réti Opening, King's Indian Attack: 1...d5 2.g3 c5 3.Bg2
- A09 Réti Opening: 1...d5 2.c4 (without: 2...c6, 2...e6)
- Advance variation: 2...d4
- Accepted: 2...dxc4
- A10 English Opening: 1.c4 (without: 1...e5, 1...c5, 1...e6, 1...c6, 1...Nf6, 1...g6 2.d4, 1...f5 2.d4, 1...b6 2.d4, 1...d6 2.e4, 1...d6 2.d4, 1...Nc6 2.d4)
- English Anglo-Dutch: 1...f5
- English Vector: 1...d5
- English, Jaenisch Gambit: 1...b5
- A11 English, Caro–Kann defensive system, 1...c6 (without: 2.e4, 2.d4)
- A12 English, Caro–Kann defensive system, 1...c6 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3
- English Bogoljubov variation: 3...Bg4
- English London Defence: 3...Nf6 4.g3 Bf5
- A13 English Opening: 1...e6 (without: 2.e4, 2.d4)
- A14 English, Neo-Catalan declined: 1...e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6 4.Bg2 Be7
- A15 English, Anglo-Indian Defence: 1...Nf6 (without: 2.Nc3, 2.d4, 2.g3 c6, 2.g3 e5, 2.Nf3 c5, 2.Nf3 e6, 2.Nf3 c6)
- A16 English Opening, Anglo-Indian Defence: 1...Nf6 2.Nc3 (without: 2...c5, 2...e5, 2...e6)
- Anglo-Grünfeld: 2...d5
- A17 English Opening, Hedgehog Defence, 1...Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 (without: 3.e4, 3.d4, 3.Nf3 c5, 3...d5 4.d4, 3...b5 4.d4, 3...Bb4 4.d4)
- A18 English, Mikenas–Carls Variation: 1...Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 (without: 3...c5)
- A19 English, Mikenas–Carls, Sicilian Variation: 1...Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 c5
- A20 English Opening: 1...e5 (without: 2.e4, 2.Nc3, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3, 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3, 2.Nf3 d6 3.Nc3)
- A21 English Opening: 1...e5 2.Nc3 (without: 2...Nf6, 2...Nc6, 2...Bb4 3.g3 Nf6, 2...Bb4 3.Nf3 Nc6 2...Bb4 3.e3 Nf6)
- A22 English Opening: 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 (without: 3.Nf3 Nc6, 3.e3 Nc6, 3.g3 Nc6, 3.g3 c6, 3.g3 g6, 3.e4 Nc6 4.Nf3)
- A23 English Opening, Bremen System, Keres Variation: 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 c6
- A24 English Opening, Bremen System with 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 g6 (without: 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6)
- A25 English Opening, Sicilian Reversed: 1...e5 2 Nc3 Nc6 (without 3.Nf3, 3.g3 Nf6 4.Nf3, 3.e3 Nf6 4.Nf3)
- A26 English Opening, Closed System; 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6
- Botvinnik System: 6.e4
- A27 English Opening, Three Knights System: 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 (without: 3...Nf6)
- A28 English Opening, Four Knights System: 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 (without 4.g3)
- A29 English Opening, Four Knights, Kingside Fianchetto: 1...e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.g3
- A30 English Opening, Symmetrical defence: 1.c4 c5 (without: 2.Nc3, 2.e4, 2.g3 g6 3.Nc3, 2.g3 Nc6 3.Nc3, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3, 2.e3 Nf6 4.d4)
- A31 English Opening, Symmetrical, Benoni formation: 1...c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 (without: 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6, 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 a6 5.Nc3 e6, 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6 5.Nc3 e6)
- A32 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6 (without: 5.Nc3 Nc6)
- A33 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6 5.Nc3 Nc6
- Geller variation: 6.g3 Qb6
- A34 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nc3 (without 2...Nc6, 2...Nf6 3.Nf3 Nc6, 2...Nf6 3.e4 e6, 2...e6 3.Nf3 Nf6, 4.g3 Nc6)
- A35 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 (without 3.g3, 3.e4, 3.Nf3 Nf6, 4.g3 e6, 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.d4 cxd4 5.Nxd4, 3.Nf3 e5 4.g3 g6 5.Bg2 Bg7)
- Four Knights: 3.e3 Nf6 4.Nf3
- A36 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 (without: 3...g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 (A37–A39), 3...g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Rb1 Nf6 6.d3 0-0 7.Nf3 d6 8.0-0 (A38))
- A37 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 (without: 5...Nf6 (A38–A39))
- A38 English Opening, Symmetrical: 1...c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 Nf6 (without: 6.0-0 0-0 7.d4 (A39) and 6.d4 cxd4 7.Nxd4 0-0 (A39))
- A39 English Opening, Symmetrical, Main line with 1...c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 Nf6 6.0-0 0-0 7.d4 or 1...c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 Nf6 6.d4 cxd4 7.Nd4 0-0 8.0-0
A40–A44
1.d4 without 1...d5, 1...Nf6 or 1...f5: Atypical replies to 1.d4
- A40 Queen's Pawn Game (including English Defence, Englund Gambit, Queen's Knight Defence, Polish Defence and Keres Defence)
- A41 Queen's Pawn Game, Wade Defence
- A42 Modern Defence, Averbakh System also Wade Defence
- A43 Old Benoni Defence
- A44 Old Benoni Defence
A45–A49
1.d4 Nf6 without 2.c4: Atypical replies to 1...Nf6
- A45 Queen's Pawn Game, Trompowsky Attack
- A46 Queen's Pawn Game, Torre Attack
- A47 Queen's Indian Defence
- A48 King's Indian, East Indian Defence
- A49 King's Indian, Fianchetto without c4
A50–A79
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 without 2...e6 or 2...g6: Atypical Indian systems
- A50 Queen's Pawn Game (including Black Knights' Tango)
- A51 Budapest Gambit declined
- A52 Budapest Gambit
- A53 Old Indian Defence
- A54 Old Indian, Ukrainian Variation
- A55 Old Indian, Main line
- A56 Benoni defence
- A57 Benko Gambit
- A58 Benko Gambit Accepted
- A59 Benko Gambit, 7.e4
- A60 Benoni defence
- A61 Benoni defence
- A62 Benoni, Fianchetto Variation without early ...Nbd7
- A63 Benoni, Fianchetto Variation, 9...Nbd7
- A64 Benoni, Fianchetto Variation, 11...Re8
- A65 Benoni, 6.e4
- A66 Benoni, Pawn Storm Variation
- A67 Benoni, Taimanov Variation
- A68 Benoni, Four Pawns Attack
- A69 Benoni, Four Pawns Attack, Main line
- A70 Benoni, Classical with e4 and Nf3
- A71 Benoni, Classical, 8.Bg5
- A72 Benoni, Classical without 9.0-0
- A73 Benoni, Classical, 9.0-0
- A74 Benoni, Classical, 9...a6, 10.a4
- A75 Benoni, Classical with ...a6 and 10...Bg4
- A76 Benoni, Classical, 9...Re8
- A77 Benoni, Classical, 9...Re8, 10.Nd2
- A78 Benoni, Classical with ...Re8 and ...Na6
- A79 Benoni, Classical, 11.f3
A80–A99
1.d4 f5: Dutch Defence
- A80 Dutch Defence (without 2.c4 (A84–A99), 2.e4 (A82–A83), 2.g3 (A81))
- Korchnoi Attack 2.h3
- A81 Dutch Defence 2.g3
- A82 Dutch, Staunton Gambit 2.e4
- Balogh Defence 2...d6
- Staunton Gambit Accepted 2...fxe4 (without 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 (A83))
- A83 Dutch, Staunton Gambit, Staunton's line 2.e4 fxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5
- A84 Dutch Defence 2.c4 (without 2...Nf6 3.Nc3 (A85), 2...Nf6 3.g3 (A86–A99))
- A85 Dutch with 2.c4 Nf6 3.Nc3
- A86 Dutch with 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 (without 3...g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 (A87) and 3...e6 4.Bg2 (A90–A99))
- A87 Dutch, Leningrad, Main Variation 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 (without 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 c6 (A88) and 7...Nc6 (A89))
- A88 Dutch, Leningrad, Main Variation with 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 c6
- A89 Dutch, Leningrad, Main Variation with 5...0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 Nc6
- A90 Dutch Defence 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 (without 4...Be7 (A91–A99))
- A91 Dutch Defence 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 (without 5.Nf3 (A92–A99))
- A92 Dutch Defence 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 (without 6.0-0 (A93–A99))
- A93 Dutch, Stonewall, Botvinnik Variation 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d5 7. b3 (without 7...c6 8.Ba3 (A94))
- A94 Dutch, Stonewall with 6.0-0 d5.7.b3 c6 8.Ba3
- A95 Dutch, Stonewall with 6.0-0 d5.7.Nc3 c6
- A96 Dutch, Classical Variation 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d6 (without 7.Nc3 Qe8 (A97–A99))
- A97 Dutch, Ilyin–Genevsky Variation 7.Nc3 Qe8 (without 8.Qc2 (A98) and 8.b3 (A99))
- A98 Dutch, Ilyin–Genevsky Variation with 7.Nc3 Qe8 8.Qc2
- A99 Dutch, Ilyin–Genevsky Variation with 7.Nc3 Qe8 8.b3
B – Semi-Open Games other than the French Defense
- 1.e4 without 1...c5, 1...e6 or 1...e5 (B00–B19)
- 1.e4 c5: Sicilian Defence (B20–B99)
B00–B19
1.e4 without 1...c5, 1...e6 or 1...e5
- B00 King's Pawn Opening without 1...e5, 1...e6, 1...d5, 1...Nf6, 1...g6, 1...d6, 1...c6, 1...c5.
- Nimzowitsch Defence 1...Nc6 (without 2.Nf3 e5 (C44, C50, C60))
- St. George Defence 1...a6 (without 2.d4 e6 (C00))
- Cornstalk Defence 1 ...a5
- Owen's Defence (Greek Defence) 1...b6 (without 2.d4 e6 3.c4 (A40))
- Matinovsky Gambit 1...b6 2.d4 Bb7 3...f5
- Hippopotamus Defence
- and others
- B01 Scandinavian Defence (Center Counter Defence)
- Tennison Gambit 2.Nf3
- B02 Alekhine's Defence
- B03 Alekhine's Defence 3.d4
- B04 Alekhine's Defence, Modern Variation
- B05 Alekhine's Defence, Modern Variation, 4...Bg4
- B06 Robatsch (Modern) Defence, including Monkey's Bum
- B07 Pirc Defence
- B08 Pirc, Classical (Two Knights) System
- B09 Pirc, Austrian attack
- B10 Caro-Kann Defence
- B11 Caro–Kann, Two knights, 3...Bg4
- B12 Caro–Kann Defence
- B13 Caro–Kann, Exchange Variation
- B14 Caro–Kann, Panov–Botvinnik Attack, 5...e6
- B15 Caro–Kann Defence
- B16 Caro–Kann, Bronstein–Larsen Variation
- B17 Caro–Kann, Steinitz Variation, Smyslov Systems
- B18 Caro–Kann, Classical Variation
- B19 Caro–Kann, Classical, 7...Nd7
B20–B99
1.e4 c5: Sicilian Defence
- B20 Sicilian Defence, (any move for white without 2.Nc3 (B23–B26), 2.c3 (B22), 2.f4 (B21) and 2.Nf3 (B27–B99))
- Smith-Morra Gambit, 2.d4 (without 2...e6 (C00) and 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 g6 (B22)) with Siberian Trap 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 dxc3...
- Sicilian Smith-Morra Morphy Gambit, 2.d4 cxd4 3.Nf3 (without 3...Nc6 (B32), 3...e6 (B40), 3...d6 (B53), 3...a6 4.Nd4 (B28))
- Sicilian Halasz Gambit, 2.d4 cxd4 3.f4
- Smith-Morra Gambit, 2.d4 (without 2...e6 (C00) and 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 g6 (B22)) with Siberian Trap 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 dxc3...
- B21 Sicilian, Grand Prix Attack, 2.f4 (without 2...e5 (C30))
- B22 Sicilian, Alapin Variation, 2.c3 (without 2...d6 3.Nf3 (C50), 2...e6 3.Nf3 d5 (B40), 2...e6 3.d4 d5 4.e5 (C02), 2...g6 3.Nf3 (B27))
- B23 Sicilian, Closed, 2.Nc3 (without 2...a6 3.Nf3 (B28), 2...d6 3.Nf3 (B50), 2...Nc6 3.g3 (B24–B26))
- B24 Sicilian, Closed, 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 (without 3...g6 (B25–B26))
- B25 Sicilian, Closed, 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6 (without 6.Be3 (B26))
- B26 Sicilian, Closed, 6.Be3
- B27 Sicilian Defence, 2.Nf3 (without 2...a6 (B28), 2...Nc6 (B30), 2...d6 (B50), 2...e6 (B40), 2...Nf6 (B29))
- Katalimov Variation, 2...b6
- Hungarian Variation, 2...g6
- Quinteros Variation, 2...Qc7
- Mongoose Variation, 2...Qa5
- B28 Sicilian, O'Kelly Variation, 2.Nf3 a6 (without 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6 (B41, B43))
- B29 Sicilian, Nimzovich–Rubinstein Variation, 2.Nf3 Nf6 (without 3.e5 Nd5 4.c3 (B22), 3.Nc3 Nc6 (B30), 3.Nc3 d6 (B50), 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nd4 d6 (B54, B56, B94–B99))
- B30 Sicilian Defence, 2.Nf3 Nc6 (without 3.Bb5 g6 (B31) 3.Bb5 d6 (B51))
- Sicilian, Rossolimo Variation, 3.Bb5
- B31 Sicilian, Nimzovich–Rossolimo Attack, 3.Bb5 g6
- B32 Sicilian Defence, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 (without 3...cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 (B33), 4...e6 (B44–B47) 4...g6 (B34))
- B33 Sicilian, Sveshnikov (Lasker–Pelikan) Variation, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 (without 5.Nc3 e6 (B45) 5...g6 (B34) 5...d6 (B56))
- B34 Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Exchange Variation, 2.Nf3 Nc6 3 d4.cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6 (without 5.c4 (B36), 5.Nc3 Bg7 6.Be3 Nf6 7.Bc4 (B35))
- B35 Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Modern Variation with 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6 5.Nc3 Bg7 6.Be3 Nf6 7.Bc4 (without 7...b6 (B72, B75))
- B36 Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Maroczy bind 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6 5.c4 (without 5...Bg7 (B37–B39))
- B37 Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Maroczy bind, 5...Bg7 (without 6.Be3 (B38))
- B38 Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Maroczy bind, 5...Bg7 6.Be3 (without 6...Nf6 7.Nc3 Ng4 (B39))
- B39 Sicilian, Accelerated Fianchetto, Breyer Variation, 5...Bg7 6.Be3 Nf6 7.Nc3 Ng4
- B40 Sicilian Defence, 2.Nf3 e6
- B41 Sicilian, Kan Variation, 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 a6 (without 5.Bd3 (B42), 5.Nc3 (B43), 5.Be2 Nf6 6.Nc3 Qc7 (B43))
- B42 Sicilian, Kan, 5.Bd3
- B43 Sicilian, Kan, 5.Nc3
- B44 Sicilian Defence, 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nd4 Nc6
- B44 Sicilian, Szén Variation (5.Nb5)
- B45 Sicilian, Taimanov Variation, 5.Nc3
- B46 Sicilian, Taimanov Variation
- B47 Sicilian, Taimanov (Bastrikov) variation
- B48 Sicilian, Taimanov Variation
- B49 Sicilian, Taimanov Variation
- B50 Sicilian Defense
- B51 Sicilian, Canal–Sokolsky Attack
- B52 Sicilian, Canal–Sokolsky Attack, 3...Bd7
- B53 Sicilian, Chekhover Variation
- B54 Sicilian
- B55 Sicilian, Prins Variation, Venice Attack
- B56 Sicilian
- B57 Sicilian, Sozin (not Scheveningen) including Magnus Smith Trap
- B58 Sicilian, Classical
- B59 Sicilian, Boleslavsky Variation, 7.Nb3
- B60 Sicilian, Richter-Rauzer
- B61 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Larsen Variation, 7.Qd2
- B62 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, 6...e6
- B63 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack
- B64 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack, 7...Be7 defence, 9.f4
- B65 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack, 7...Be7 defence, 9...Nxd4
- B66 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack, 7...a6
- B67 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack, 7...a6 defence, 8...Bd7
- B68 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack, 7...a6 defence, 9...Be7
- B69 Sicilian, Richter–Rauzer, Rauzer Attack, 7...a6 defence, 11.Bxf6
- B70 Sicilian, Dragon Variation
- B71 Sicilian, Dragon, Levenfish Attack
- B72 Sicilian, Dragon, 6.Be3
- B73 Sicilian, Dragon, Classical, 8.0-0
- B74 Sicilian, Dragon, Classical, 9.Nb3
- B75 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav Attack
- B76 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav Attack, 7...0-0
- B77 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav Attack, 9.Bc4
- B78 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav Attack, 10.0-0-0
- B79 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav Attack, 12.h4
- B80 Sicilian, Scheveningen Variation
- B80 Sicilian, Scheveningen, English Attack
- B81 Sicilian, Scheveningen, Keres Attack
- B82 Sicilian, Scheveningen, 6.f4
- B83 Sicilian, Scheveningen, 6.Be2
- B84 Sicilian, Scheveningen (Paulsen), Classical Variation
- B85 Sicilian, Scheveningen, Classical Variation with ...Qc7 and ...Nc6
- B86 Sicilian, Sozin Attack
- B87 Sicilian, Sozin with ...a6 and ...b5
- B88 Sicilian, Sozin, Leonhardt Variation
- B89 Sicilian, Sozin, 7.Be3
- B90 Sicilian, Najdorf
- B91 Sicilian, Najdorf, Zagreb (Fianchetto) Variation (6.g3)
- B92 Sicilian, Najdorf, Opocensky Variation (6.Be2)
- B93 Sicilian, Najdorf, 6.f4
- B94 Sicilian, Najdorf, 6.Bg5
- B95 Sicilian, Najdorf, 6...e6
- B96 Sicilian, Najdorf, 7.f4
- B97 Sicilian, Najdorf, 7...Qb6 including Poisoned Pawn Variation
- B98 Sicilian, Najdorf, 7...Be7
- B99 Sicilian, Najdorf, 7...Be7 Main line
C – Open Games and the French Defense
- 1.e4 e6: French Defence (C00–C19)
- 1.e4 e5: Open Game (C20–C99)
C00–C19
1.e4 e6: French Defence
- C00 French Defence
- C01 French, Exchange Variation
- C02 French, Advance Variation
- C03 French, Tarrasch
- C04 French, Tarrasch, Guimard Main line
- C05 French, Tarrasch, Closed Variation
- C06 French, Tarrasch, Closed Variation, Main line
- C07 French, Tarrasch, Open Variation
- C08 French, Tarrasch, Open, 4.exd5 exd5
- C09 French, Tarrasch, Open Variation, Main line
- C10 French, Paulsen Variation
- C11 French Defence
- C12 French, MacCutcheon Variation
- C13 French, Classical
- C14 French, Classical Variation
- C15 French, Winawer (Nimzovich) Variation
- C16 French, Winawer, Advance Variation
- C17 French, Winawer, Advance Variation
- C18 French, Winawer, Advance Variation
- C19 French, Winawer, Advance, 6...Ne7
C20–C99
1.e4 e5: Open Game
- C20 King's Pawn Game (includes Alapin's Opening, Lopez Opening, Napoleon Opening, Portuguese Opening, Danvers Opening)
- C21 Center Game (includes Danish Gambit)
- C22 Center Game
- C23 Bishop's Opening
- C24 Bishop's Opening, Berlin Defence
- C25 Vienna Game
- C26 Vienna Game, Falkbeer Variation
- C27 Vienna Game, Frankenstein–Dracula Variation
- C28 Vienna Game
- C29 Vienna Gambit, Kaufmann Variation including Würzburger Trap
- C30 King's Gambit
- C31 King's Gambit Declined, Falkbeer and Nimzowitsch (3...c6) Countergambits
- C32 King's Gambit Declined, Falkbeer, 5.dxe4
- C33 King's Gambit Accepted
- C34 King's Gambit Accepted, including Fischer Defence
- C35 King's Gambit Accepted, Cunningham Defence
- C36 King's Gambit Accepted, Abbazia Defence (Classical Defence, Modern Defence)
- C37 King's Gambit Accepted, Quaade Gambit or McDonnell Gambit
- C38 King's Gambit Accepted
- C39 King's Gambit Accepted, Allgaier and Kieseritzky Gambits including Rice Gambit
- C40 King's Knight Opening (includes Gunderam Defence, Brazilian Defense, Greco Defence, Damiano Defence, Elephant Gambit, and Latvian Gambit.)
- C41 Philidor Defence
- C42 Petrov's Defence, including Marshall Trap
- C43 Petrov's Defence, Modern (Steinitz) Attack
- C44 King's Pawn Game (includes Ponziani Opening, Inverted Hungarian Opening, Irish Gambit, Konstantinopolsky Opening and some Scotch Game)
- C45 Scotch Game
- C46 Three Knights Game including Halloween Gambit
- C47 Four Knights Game
- C48 Four Knights Game, Spanish Variation
- C49 Four Knights Game, Double Ruy Lopez
- C50 Italian Game (includes Blackburne Shilling Gambit, Hungarian Defense, Semi-Italian Opening, Italian Gambit, Légal Trap, Rousseau Gambit, Koltanowski Gambit and Giuoco Pianissimo)
- C51 Evans Gambit
- C52 Evans Gambit with 4...Bxb4 5.c3 Ba5
- C53 Giuoco Piano
- C54 Giuoco Piano
- C55 Two Knights Defence
- C56 Two Knights Defence
- C57 Two Knights Defence, including the Fried Liver Attack
- C58 Two Knights Defence
- C59 Two Knights Defence
- C60 Ruy Lopez Unusual Black 3rd moves and 3...g6
- C61 Ruy Lopez, Bird's Defence
- C62 Ruy Lopez, Old Steinitz Defence
- C63 Ruy Lopez, Schliemann Defence
- C64 Ruy Lopez, Classical (Cordel) Defence
- C65 Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defence including Mortimer Trap
- C66 Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defence, 4.0-0 d6
- C67 Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defence, Open Variation
- C68 Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation
- C69 Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation, 5.0-0
- C70 Ruy Lopez, 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4
- C71 Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defence including Noah's Ark Trap
- C72 Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defence 5.0-0
- C73 Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defence, Richter Variation
- C74 Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defence
- C75 Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defence
- C76 Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defence, Fianchetto (Bronstein) Variation
- C77 Ruy Lopez, Morphy Defence
- C78 Ruy Lopez, 5.0-0
- C79 Ruy Lopez, Steinitz Defence Deferred (Russian Defence)
- C80 Ruy Lopez, Open (Tarrasch) Defence
- C81 Ruy Lopez, Open, Howell Attack
- C82 Ruy Lopez, Open, 9.c3
- C83 Ruy Lopez, Open, Classical Defence
- C84 Ruy Lopez, Closed Defence
- C85 Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation Doubly Deferred (DERLD)
- C86 Ruy Lopez, Worrall Attack
- C87 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Averbakh Variation
- C88 Ruy Lopez, Closed
- C89 Ruy Lopez, Marshall Counterattack
- C90 Ruy Lopez, Closed, 7...d6
- C90 Ruy Lopez, Closed, 7...d6, 9.d3 (Pilnik Variation)
- C91 Ruy Lopez, Closed, 9.d4
- C92 Ruy Lopez, Closed, 9.h3
- C92 Ruy Lopez, Closed, 9.h3 Bb7 (Zaitsev Variation)
- C93 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Smyslov Defence
- C94 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Breyer Defence, 10.d3
- C95 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Breyer Defence, 10.d4
- C96 Ruy Lopez, Closed, 8...Na5
- C97 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin Defence
- C98 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin, 12...Nc6
- C99 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin, 12...cxd4
D – Closed Games and Semi-Closed Games
- 1.d4 d5: Closed Game (D00–D69)
- 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 with 3...d5: Grünfeld Defence (D70–D99)
D00–D69
1.d4 d5: Closed Game
- D00 Queen's Pawn Game (including Blackmar–Diemer Gambit, Halosar Trap and others)
- D01 Richter–Veresov Attack
- D02 Queen's Pawn Game, 2.Nf3 (including the London System)
- D03 Torre Attack, Tartakower Variation
- D04 Queen's Pawn Game, Colle System
- D05 Queen's Pawn Game, Zukertort Variation (including Colle system)
- D06 Queen's Gambit (including the Baltic Defence, Marshall Defence and Symmetrical Defence)
- D07 QGD; Chigorin Defence
- D08 QGD; Albin Countergambit and Lasker Trap
- D09 QGD; Albin Countergambit, 5.g3
- D10 QGD; Slav Defence
- D11 QGD; Slav Defence, 3.Nf3
- D12 QGD; Slav Defence, 4.e3 Bf5
- D13 QGD; Slav Defence, Exchange Variation
- D14 QGD; Slav Defence, Exchange Variation
- D15 QGD; Slav, 4.Nc3
- D16 QGD; Slav accepted, Alapin Variation
- D17 QGD; Slav Defence, Czech Defence
- D18 QGD; Dutch Variation
- D19 QGD; Dutch Variation
- D20 Queen's Gambit Accepted
- D21 QGA, 3.Nf3
- D22 QGA; Alekhine Defence
- D23 Queen's Gambit Accepted
- D24 QGA, 4.Nc3
- D25 QGA, 4.e3
- D26 QGA; Classical Variation
- D27 QGA; Classical Variation
- D28 QGA; Classical Variation 7.Qe2
- D29 QGA; Classical Variation 8...Bb7
- D30 Queen's Gambit Declined: Orthodox Defence
- D31 QGD, 3.Nc3
- D31 QGD, Semi-Slav, Abrahams–Noteboom Variation 10...Bb7
- D32 QGD; Tarrasch Defence
- D33 QGD; Tarrasch, Schlechter–Rubinstein System
- D34 QGD; Tarrasch, 7...Be7
- D35 QGD; Exchange Variation
- D36 QGD; Exchange, positional line, 6.Qc2
- D37 QGD; 4.Nf3
- D37 QGD; 4.Nf3 Be7 5.Bf4 (Harrwitz Attack)
- D38 QGD; Ragozin Variation
- D39 QGD; Ragozin, Vienna Variation
- D40 QGD; Semi-Tarrasch Defence
- D41 QGD; Semi-Tarrasch, 5.cxd5
- D42 QGD; Semi-Tarrasch, 7.Bd3
- D43 QGD; Semi-Slav Defence
- D44 QGD; Semi-Slav 5.Bg5 dxc4
- D45 QGD; Semi-Slav 5.e3
- D46 QGD; Semi-Slav 6.Bd3
- D47 QGD; Semi-Slav 7.Bc4
- D48 QGD; Meran, 8...a6
- D49 QGD; Meran, 11.Nxb5
- D50 QGD; 4.Bg5
- D51 QGD; 4.Bg5 Nbd7 (Cambridge Springs Defence and Elephant Trap)
- D52 QGD
- D53 QGD; 4.Bg5 Be7
- D54 QGD; Anti-neo-Orthodox Variation
- D55 QGD; 6.Nf3
- D56 QGD; Lasker Defence
- D57 QGD; Lasker Defence, Main line
- D58 QGD; Tartakower (Tartakower–Makogonov–Bondarevsky) System
- D59 QGD; Tartakower (Tartakower–Makogonov–Bondarevsky) System, 8.cxd5 Nxd5
- D60 QGD; Orthodox Defence
- D61 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Rubinstein Variation
- D62 QGD; Orthodox Defence, 7.Qc2 c5, 8.cxd5 (Rubinstein)
- D63 QGD; Orthodox Defence, 7.Rc1
- D64 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Rubinstein Attack (with Rc1)
- D65 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Rubinstein Attack, Main line
- D66 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Bd3 line including Rubinstein Trap
- D67 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Bd3 line, Capablanca freeing manoeuvre
- D68 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Classical Variation
- D69 QGD; Orthodox Defence, Classical, 13.dxe5
D70–D99
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 with 3...d5: Grünfeld Defence
- D70 Neo-Grünfeld Defence
- D71 Neo-Grünfeld, 5.cxd5
- D72 Neo-Grünfeld, 5.cxd5, Main line
- D73 Neo-Grünfeld, 5.Nf3
- D74 Neo-Grünfeld, 6.cxd5 Nxd5, 7.0-0
- D75 Neo-Grünfeld, 6.cxd5 Nxd5, 7.0-0 c5, 8.Nc3
- D76 Neo-Grünfeld, 6.cxd5 Nxd5, 7.0-0 Nb6
- D77 Neo-Grünfeld, 6.0-0
- D78 Neo-Grünfeld, 6.0-0 c6
- D79 Neo-Grünfeld, 6.0-0, Main line
- D80 Grünfeld Defence
- D81 Grünfeld; Russian Variation
- D82 Grünfeld 4.Bf4
- D83 Grünfeld Gambit
- D84 Grünfeld Gambit accepted
- D85 Grünfeld, Nadanian Variation
- D86 Grünfeld, Exchange, Classical Variation
- D87 Grünfeld, Exchange, Spassky Variation
- D88 Grünfeld, Spassky Variation, Main line, 10...cxd4, 11.cxd4
- D89 Grünfeld, Spassky Variation, Main line, 13.Bd3
- D90 Grünfeld, Three Knights Variation
- D91 Grünfeld, Three Knights Variation
- D92 Grünfeld, 5.Bf4
- D93 Grünfeld with 5.Bf4 0-0 6.e3
- D94 Grünfeld, 5.e3
- D95 Grünfeld with 5.e3 0-0 6.Qb3
- D96 Grünfeld, Russian Variation
- D97 Grünfeld, Russian Variation with 7.e4
- D98 Grünfeld, Russian, Smyslov Variation
- D99 Grünfeld Defence, Smyslov, Main line
E – Indian Defenses
- 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6: Indian systems with ...e6 (E00–E59)
- 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 without 3...d5: Indian systems with ...g6 (except Grünfeld) (E60–E99)
E00–E59
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6: Indian systems with ...e6
- E00 Queen's Pawn Game (including Neo-Indian Attack, Trompowsky Attack, Catalan Opening and others)
- E01 Catalan, Closed
- E02 Catalan, open, 5.Qa4
- E03 Catalan, open, Alekhine Variation
- E04 Catalan, Open, 5.Nf3
- E05 Catalan, Open, Classical line
- E06 Catalan, Closed, 5.Nf3
- E07 Catalan, Closed, 6...Nbd7
- E08 Catalan, Closed, 7.Qc2
- E09 Catalan, Closed, Main line
- E10 Queen's Pawn Game 3.Nf3
- E11 Bogo-Indian Defence
- E12 Queen's Indian Defence
- E13 Queen's Indian, 4.Nc3, Main line
- E14 Queen's Indian, 4.e3
- E15 Queen's Indian, 4.g3
- E16 Queen's Indian, Capablanca Variation
- E17 Queen's Indian, 5.Bg2 Be7
- E18 Queen's Indian, Old Main line, 7.Nc3
- E19 Queen's Indian, Old Main line, 9.Qxc3
- E20 Nimzo-Indian Defence
- E21 Nimzo-Indian, Three Knights Variation
- E22 Nimzo-Indian, Spielmann Variation
- E23 Nimzo-Indian, Spielmann, 4...c5, 5.dxc5 Nc6
- E24 Nimzo-Indian, Sämisch Variation
- E25 Nimzo-Indian, Sämisch Variation, Keres Variation
- E26 Nimzo-Indian, Sämisch Variation, 4.a3 Bxc3+ 5.bxc3 c5 6.e3
- E27 Nimzo-Indian, Sämisch Variation, 5...0-0
- E28 Nimzo-Indian, Sämisch Variation, 6.e3
- E29 Nimzo-Indian, Sämisch Variation, Main line
- E30 Nimzo-Indian, Leningrad Variation,
- E31 Nimzo-Indian, Leningrad Variation, Main line
- E32 Nimzo-Indian, Classical Variation (4.Qc2)
- E33 Nimzo-Indian, Classical Variation, 4...Nc6
- E34 Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa Variation (4...d5)
- E35 Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa Variation, 5.cxd5 exd5
- E36 Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa Variation, 5.a3
- E37 Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Noa Variation, Main line, 7.Qc2
- E38 Nimzo-Indian, Classical, 4...c5
- E39 Nimzo-Indian, Classical, Pirc Variation
- E40 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3
- E41 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 c5
- E41 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 c5 5.Bd3 Nc6 6.Nf3 Bxc3+ 7.bxc3 d6, Hübner Variation
- E42 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 c5, 5.Ne2 (Rubinstein)
- E43 Nimzo-Indian, Fischer Variation
- E44 Nimzo-Indian, Fischer Variation, 5.Ne2
- E45 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Bronstein (Byrne) Variation
- E46 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 0-0
- E47 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 0-0, 5.Bd3
- E48 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 0-0, 5.Bd3 d5
- E49 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Botvinnik System
- E50 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 0-0, 5.Nf3, without ...d5
- E51 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 0-0, 5.Nf3 d5
- E52 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with ...b6
- E53 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with ...c5
- E54 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Gligoric System with 7...dxc4
- E55 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Gligoric System, Bronstein Variation
- E56 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with 7...Nc6
- E57 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with 8...dxc4 and 9...Bxc4 cxd4
- E58 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line with 8...Bxc3
- E59 Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3, Main line
E60–E99
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 without 3...d5: Indian systems with ...g6 (except Grünfeld)
- E60 King's Indian Defence
- E61 King's Indian Defence, 3.Nc3
- E62 King's Indian, Fianchetto Variation
- E63 King's Indian, Fianchetto, Panno Variation
- E64 King's Indian, Fianchetto, Yugoslav System
- E65 King's Indian, Yugoslav, 7.0-0
- E66 King's Indian, Fianchetto, Yugoslav Panno
- E67 King's Indian, Fianchetto with ...Nd7
- E68 King's Indian, Fianchetto, Classical Variation, 8.e4
- E69 King's Indian, Fianchetto, Classical Main line
- E70 King's Indian, 4.e4
- E71 King's Indian, Makogonov System (5.h3)
- E72 King's Indian with e4 and g3
- E73 King's Indian, 5.Be2
- E74 King's Indian, Averbakh, 6...c5
- E75 King's Indian, Averbakh, Main line
- E76 King's Indian, Four Pawns Attack
- E77 King's Indian, Four Pawns Attack, 6.Be2
- E78 King's Indian, Four Pawns Attack, with Be2 and Nf3
- E79 King's Indian, Four Pawns Attack, Main line
- E80 King's Indian, Sämisch Variation
- E81 King's Indian, Sämisch, 5...0-0
- E82 King's Indian, Sämisch, Double Fianchetto Variation
- E83 King's Indian, Sämisch, 6...Nc6 (Panno Variation)
- E84 King's Indian, Sämisch, Panno Main line
- E85 King's Indian, Sämisch, Orthodox Variation
- E86 King's Indian, Sämisch, Orthodox, 7.Nge2 c6
- E87 King's Indian, Sämisch, Orthodox, 7.d5
- E88 King's Indian, Sämisch, Orthodox, 7.d5 c6
- E89 King's Indian, Sämisch, Orthodox Main line
- E90 King's Indian, 5.Nf3
- E91 King's Indian, 6.Be2
- E92 King's Indian, Classical Variation
- E93 King's Indian, Petrosian System, Main line
- E94 King's Indian, Orthodox Variation
- E95 King's Indian, Orthodox, 7...Nbd7, 8.Re1
- E96 King's Indian, Orthodox, 7...Nbd7, Main line
- E97 King's Indian, Orthodox, Aronin–Taimanov Variation (Yugoslav Attack / Mar del Plata Variation)
- E98 King's Indian, Orthodox, Aronin–Taimanov, 9.Ne1
- E99 King's Indian, Orthodox, Aronin–Taimanov, Main
Statistics
| Moves | 1800–1900 | 1901–1935 | 1935–1998 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. e4 e5 | 63% | 31% | 15% |
| 1. e4 other | 23% | 20% | 35% |
| 1. d4 d5 | 10% | 28% | 15% |
| 1. d4 other | 3% | 16% | 23% |
| 1. other | 5% | 12% |
These statistics show a movement away from symmetrical defences to asymmetrical defences. In particular, in reply to 1.e4, the Sicilian and French defences, and to 1.d4 the Indian defences. Also, particularly amongst strong players, an increased use of the English Opening for White.[2]
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See also
 |
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Opening theory in chess |
References
- https://www.chess.com/openings/A00-Hungarian-Opening-Myers-Defense
- Watson, John (1998), Secrets of modern chess strategy (Part 2: New ideas and the modern revolution), London: Gambit, p. 93
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