List of Yuan emperors

The following is a list of Emperors of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) in the eastern part of the Mongol Empire. It also contains early Mongol rulers posthumously promoted by Kublai Khan as Yuan emperors.

List of emperors
Portrait Khan Names Given names Lifespan Period of Reigns Era names and their according range of years
Convention: use first name (e.g. Temüjin) or Khan names for khans before Kublai Khan. Use "Yuan" + temple name or posthumous name after. A mix of the three for Kublai Khan.
Notes:
1) Before Kublai Khan announced the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, Khagans (Great Khans) of the Mongol Empire (Ikh Mongol Uls) already started to use the Chinese title of Emperor (Chinese: 皇帝; pinyin: Huángdì) practically in the Chinese language since Genghis Khan (as 成吉思皇帝; 'Genghis Emperor').
2) To non-Chinese readers, usually the khan names are the most familiar names.
3) Timur or Temür means the same Mongolian words but Temür will be used for avoiding confusion with Timur the lame, or Tamerlane.
Genghis Khan Borjigin Temüjin (孛兒只斤鐵木真 Bóérzhījīn Tiěmùzhēn) 1155/1162-1227 1206–1227 did not exist
Tolui Borjigin Tolui (孛兒只斤拖雷 BóérzhījīnTuōléi) 1191-1232 1227–1229 did not exist
Ögedei Khan Borjigin Ögedei (孛兒只斤窩闊台 Bóérzhījīn Wōkuòtái) 1186-1241 1229–1241 did not exist
Güyük Khan Borjigin Güyük (孛兒只斤貴由 Bóérzhījīn Guìyuó) 1206-1248 1246–1248 did not exist
Möngke Khan Borjigin Möngke (孛兒只斤蒙哥 Bóérzhījīn Ménggē) 1209-1259 1251–1259 did not exist
Kublai Khan Borjigin Kublai (孛兒只斤忽必烈 Bóérzhījīn Hūbìliè) 1215-1294 1260–1294 Zhongtong (中統 Zhōngtǒng) 1260–1264

Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1264–1294

Temür Khan Borjigin Temür (孛兒只斤鐵木耳 Bóérzhījīn Tiěmù'ěr) 1265-1307 1294–1307 Yuanzhen (元貞 Yuánzhēn) 1295–1297

Dade (大德 Dàdé) 1297–1307

Külüg Khan Borjigin Qayshan (孛兒只斤海山 Bóérzhījīn Hǎishān) 1281-1311 1307–1311 Zhida (至大 Zhìdà) 1308–1311
Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan Borjigin Ayurparibhadra (孛兒只斤愛育黎拔力八達 Bóérzhījīn Àiyùlíbálìbādá) 1285-1320 1311–1320 Huangqing (皇慶 Huángqìng) 1312–1313

Yanyou (延祐 Yányòu) 1314–1320

Gegeen Khan Borjigin Suddhipala (孛兒只斤碩德八剌 Bóérzhījīn Shuòdébālá) 1302-1323 1320–1323 Zhizhi (至治 Zhìzhì) 1321–1323
Yesün Temür Borjigin Yesün-Temür (孛兒只斤也孫鐵木兒 Bóérzhījīn Yěsūntiěmùér) 1293-1328 1323–1328 Taiding (泰定 Tàidìng) 1321–1328

Zhihe (致和 Zhìhé) 1328

Ragibagh Khan Borjigin Arigaba (孛兒只斤阿速吉八 Bóérzhījīn Āsùjíbā) 1320-1328 1328 Tianshun (天順 Tiānshùn) 1328
Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür Borjigin Toq-Temür (孛兒只斤圖鐵木兒 Bóérzhījīn Tútiěmùér) 1304-1332 1328–1329 and 1329–1332 Tianli (天曆 Tiānlì) 1328–1330

Zhishun (至順 Zhìshùn) 1330–1332

 Khutughtu Khan Kusala Borjigin Qoshila (孛兒只斤和世剌 Bóérzhījīn Héshìlà) 1300-1329 1329 did not exist
Rinchinbal Khan Borjigin Irinchibal (孛兒只斤懿璘質班 Bóérzhījīn Yìlínzhìbān) 1326-1332 1332 Zhishun (至順 Zhìshùn) 1332

 Ukhaantu Khan Borjigin Toghan-Temür (孛兒只斤妥懽鐵木兒 Bóérzhījīn Tuǒhuān Tiěmùér) 1320-1370 1333–1368 Zhishun (至順 Zhìshùn) 1333

Yuantong (元統 Yuántǒng) 1333–1335
Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1335–1340
Zhizheng (至正 Zhìzhèng) 1341–1368

(1) Convention: for these sovereigns only, use "yuan" + posthumous name, i.e. 元泰定帝 Yuán Tàidìng Dì.

(2) Not actually a posthumous name, but adopted from era name.

Timeline
Uskhal Khan Tögüs TemürBiligtü Khan AyushiridaraToghon TemürToghon TemürRinchinbal KhanJayaatu Khan Tugh TemürKhutughtu Khan KusalaJayaatu Khan Tugh TemürRagibagh KhanYesün Temür (Yuan dynasty)Gegeen KhanAyurbarwada Buyantu KhanKülüg KhanTemür KhanKublai KhanKublai KhanMöngke KhanGüyük KhanÖgedei KhanToluiGenghis Khan

Legend:

  • Orange denotes monarchs of the Mongol Empire
  • Teal denotes Yuan monarchs
  • Pink denotes Northern Yuan monarchs
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See also
  • Yuan dynasty family tree
  • List of empresses of the Yuan dynasty
  • List of Mongol rulers
  • List of rulers of China
  • List of khans of the Northern Yuan dynasty
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