John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont

The Earl of Egmont
The Right Honourable; The Earl of Egmont; PC, FRS
First Lord of the Admiralty
	In office; 1763–1766
Preceded by	The Earl of Sandwich
Succeeded by	Sir Charles Saunders
Postmaster General
	In office; 1762–1763 Serving with Robert Hampden-Trevor
Preceded by	The Earl of Bessborough; Robert Hampden-Trevor
Succeeded by	The Lord Hyde; Robert Hampden-Trevor
Member of Parliament for Ilchester
	In office; 1761–1761 Serving with Joseph Tolson Lockyer
Preceded by	Thomas Lockyer; Joseph Tolson Lockyer
Succeeded by	William Wilson; Joseph Tolson Lockyer
Member of Parliament for Bridgwater
	In office; 1754–1762 Serving with Robert Balch, Edward Southwell
Preceded by	George Dodington; Robert Balch
Succeeded by	Viscount Perceval; Edward Southwell
Member of Parliament for Weobly
	In office; 1747–1754 Serving with Savage Mostyn
Preceded by	Mansel Powell; Savage Mostyn
Succeeded by	John Craster; Savage Mostyn
Member of Parliament for Westminster
	In office; 1741–1747 Serving with Charles Edwin
Preceded by	Sir Charles Wager; The Lord Sundon
Succeeded by	Viscount Trentham ; Sir Peter Warren
Member of Parliament for Dingle
	In office; 1731–1749 Serving with John FitzGerald, Robert FitzGerald
Preceded by	Thomas Crosbie; John FitzGerald
Succeeded by	Sir William Fownes, Bt; Robert FitzGerald
Personal details
Born	John Perceval; 25 February 1711
Died	4 December 1770 (aged 59); Pall Mall, London
Spouse(s)	Lady Catherine Cecil; (m. 1737; died 1752); Catherine Compton; (m. 1756; his death 1770)
Children	16
Parents	John Perceval, 1st Earl of Egmont; Catherine Parker
Residence	Enmore Castle

John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont, PC, FRS (25 February 1711 – 4 December 1770) was a British politician, political pamphleteer, and genealogist who served as First Lord of the Admiralty.

Early life

He was the son and heir of John Perceval, 1st Earl of Egmont, by his wife Catherine Parker. He was baptised at the Palace of Westminster, London. His two siblings were Lady Catharine Perceval (wife of Thomas Hanmer MP of The Fenns) and Lady Helena Perceval (wife of John Rawdon, 1st Earl of Moira).[1]

His paternal grandparents were Sir John Perceval, 3rd Baronet of Lohort Castle and the former Catherine Dering (daughter of Sir Edward Dering, 2nd Baronet). His maternal grandparents were Sir Philip Parker, 2nd Baronet of Arwarton and the former Mary Fortray (a daughter of landowner and author Samuel Fortrey of Byall Fen).[1]

He succeeded his father in 1748 as 2nd Earl of Egmont in the Peerage of Ireland.[1]

Career

Enmore Castle, 1779

Perceval sat in the Irish House of Commons for Dingle between 1731 and 1749. In April 1748, he was created Gentleman of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales. He was made a Privy Counsellor in January 1755.[2]

He sat in the Parliament of Ireland for Dingle (1731–49) and in the House of Commons for Westminster (1741–47), Weobley (1747–54) and Bridgwater (1754–62). In 1762 he was created Baron Lovel and Holland, of Enmore in the County of Somerset, in the Peerage of Great Britain, which gave him an automatic seat in the House of Lords.[3]

He was appointed joint Postmaster-General for 1762–3 alongside Robert Hampden, 4th Baron Trevor and served as First Lord of the Admiralty from 1763 to 1766.[4]

From 1751 to 1757, he designed and created Enmore Castle at Enmore in Somerset, which received "the dismissive mockery of Horace Walpole".[5]

Personal life

Arms of Perceval, Earls of Egmont: Quarterly 1st & 4th: Argent, on a chief indented gules three crosses patée of the field (Perceval); 2nd & 3rd: Barry nebulée of six or and gules (Lovel)[6]

Perceval married twice. His first marriage was on 15 February 1737 to Lady Catherine Cecil, who was the second daughter of James Cecil, 5th Earl of Salisbury. Before death on 16 August 1752, aged 33, they had five sons and two daughters:[7]

John Perceval, 3rd Earl of Egmont (1738–1822), eldest son and heir
Cecil Parker Perceval (b. 1739), who died at Eton College on 4 March 1753
Philip Tufton Perceval (b. 1742), a captain in the Royal Navy
Edward Perceval, (1744–1824), a captain in the Royal Dragoon Guards, who married Sarah Howarth, daughter of John Howarth, in 1775.
Frederick Augustus Perceval (1749–1757), who died in childhood.
Catherine Perceval (d. 1782), who married Thomas Wynn (1736–1807) (afterwards 1st Baron Newborough), in 1766.
Margaret Perceval (d. 1750), who died an infant.[1]

John, 2nd Earl of Egmont and His Second Wife Catherine.

His second marriage was to Catherine Compton, the third daughter of the Hon. Charles Compton, on 26 January 1756. By Catherine Compton he had three sons and six daughters as follows:[1]

Charles George Perceval (1756–1840), eldest son, who succeeded his mother as Baron Arden in the peerage of Ireland, and was created a peer of the United Kingdom, with the title of Baron Arden of Arden in the county of Warwick
Spencer Perceval (1762–1812), who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from October 1809 to May 1812.
Henry Perceval (d. 1772), who died aged 7.
Mary Perceval (d. 1839), who married Andrew Berkeley Drummond of Cadlands, Hampshire, a grandson of William Drummond, 4th Viscount Strathallan (died 1746), in 1781.
Anne Perceval (died 1 August 1772), who died aged 12.
Charlotte Perceval (d. 1761), who died an infant.
Elizabeth Perceval (d. 1846), who died aged 82, unmarried.
Frances Perceval (d. 1817), who married John, 1st Baron Redesdale in 1803.
Margaret Perceval (d. 1854), who married Thomas Walpole, sometime ambassador at Munich, a nephew of Horatio Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, in 1803.[1]

Lord Perceval died 4 December 1770 at Pall Mall, London, aged 59. Following his death, his widow was created on 23 May 1770 Baroness Arden of Lohort Castle in the county of Cork in the peerage of Ireland, with remainder to her heirs male. She survived her husband and died at Langley, Buckinghamshire, on 11 June 1784, aged 53.[8]

Legacy

Mount Egmont in New Zealand was named after him by James Cook in recognition of his encouragement of Cook's first voyage. Since the 2000s, the mountain has returned to its original Maori name, Taranaki.[9]

gollark: Hmm, apparently I didn't notice when I was installing it.

gollark: Deploy bee however.

gollark: Fascinating.

gollark: There are too many of them.

gollark: Approximately, yes, but facial muscles are hard.

References

"Egmont, Earl of (I, 1733 - 2011)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
Barker, George Fisher Russell (1895). "Perceval, John (1683-1748)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Egmont, Earls of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 18.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Chisholm 1911.
Against the Time in Which the Fabric and Use of Gunpowder Shall Be Forgotten: Enmore Castle, Its Origins and Its Architect - Tim Mowl 1990
Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.409
Wilkinson, Clive. "Perceval, John, second earl of Egmont (1711–1770)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21912. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Barker 1895.
"Egmont National Park - Things to see and do - Taranaki | New Zealand". www.newzealand.com. Retrieved 2 March 2020.

External links

John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont Manuscripts of the Earl of Egmont. Diary of Viscount Percival 1920 access date 3 March 2015
Diary of George Marsh who worked in the Navy Office Manuscript of George Marsh
Historic England. "Enmore Castle (1307522)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 June 2007.

Parliament of Ireland
Preceded by Thomas Crosbie John FitzGerald	Member of Parliament for Dingle 1731–1749 With: John FitzGerald 1731–1741 Robert FitzGerald 1741–1749	Succeeded by Sir William Fownes, Bt Robert FitzGerald
Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Sir Charles Wager The Lord Sundon	Member of Parliament for Westminster 1741–1747 With: Charles Edwin	Succeeded by Viscount Trentham Sir Peter Warren
Preceded by Mansel Powell Savage Mostyn	Member of Parliament for Weobly 1747–1754 With: Savage Mostyn	Succeeded by John Craster Savage Mostyn
Preceded by George Dodington Robert Balch	Member of Parliament for Bridgwater 1754–1762 With: Robert Balch 1754–1761 Edward Southwell 1761–1762	Succeeded by Viscount Perceval Edward Southwell
Preceded by Thomas Lockyer Joseph Tolson Lockyer	Member of Parliament for Ilchester 1761 With: Joseph Tolson Lockyer	Succeeded by William Wilson Joseph Tolson Lockyer
Political offices
Preceded by The Earl of Bessborough Robert Hampden-Trevor	Postmaster General 1762–1763 with Robert Hampden-Trevor	Succeeded by The Lord Hyde Robert Hampden-Trevor
Preceded by The Earl of Sandwich	First Lord of the Admiralty 1763–1766	Succeeded by Sir Charles Saunders
Honorary titles
Vacant Title last held by The Lord Melcombe	Vice-Admiral of Somerset 1766–1770	Vacant Title next held by The Duke of Somerset
Peerage of Ireland
Preceded by John Perceval	Earl of Egmont 1748–1770	Succeeded by John Perceval
Peerage of Great Britain
New creation	Baron Lovel and Holland 1762–1770	Succeeded by John Perceval

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[EarlEgmont-1] "Egmont, Earl of (I, 1733 - 2011)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 2 March 2020.

[DNB-2] Barker, George Fisher Russell (1895). "Perceval, John (1683-1748)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

[EB1911-3] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Egmont, Earls of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 18.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

[FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-4] Chisholm 1911.

[5] Against the Time in Which the Fabric and Use of Gunpowder Shall Be Forgotten: Enmore Castle, Its Origins and Its Architect - Tim Mowl 1990

[6] Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.409

[ODNB-7] Wilkinson, Clive. "Perceval, John, second earl of Egmont (1711–1770)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21912. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[FOOTNOTEBarker1895-8] Barker 1895.

[newzealand-9] "Egmont National Park - Things to see and do - Taranaki | New Zealand". www.newzealand.com. Retrieved 2 March 2020.

First Lords of the Admiralty
of England	The Earl of Portland The Earl of Lindsey William Juxon, Bishop of Lincoln The Earl of Northumberland The Lord Cottington Sir Henry Capell The Earl of Nottingham The Earl of Torrington The Earl of Pembroke The Lord Cornwallis The Viscount Falkland The Earl of Orford The Earl of Bridgewater The Earl of Pembroke
of Great Britain	The Earl of Orford Sir John Leake The Earl of Strafford The Earl of Orford The Earl of Berkeley The Viscount Torrington Sir Charles Wager The Earl of Winchilsea The Duke of Bedford The Earl of Sandwich The Lord Anson The Earl Temple The Earl of Winchilsea The Lord Anson The Earl of Halifax George Grenville The Earl of Sandwich The Earl of Egmont Sir Charles Saunders Sir Edward Hawke The Earl of Sandwich The Viscount Keppel The Viscount Howe The Viscount Keppel The Viscount Howe The Earl of Chatham The Earl Spencer
of the United Kingdom	The Earl of St Vincent The Viscount Melville The Lord Barham Viscount Howick Thomas Grenville The Lord Mulgrave Charles Philip Yorke The Viscount Melville The Duke of Clarence The Viscount Melville Sir James Graham, Bt The Lord Auckland The Earl de Grey The Lord Auckland The Earl of Minto The Earl of Haddington The Earl of Ellenborough The Earl of Auckland Sir Francis Baring, Bt The Duke of Northumberland Sir James Graham, Bt Sir Charles Wood, Bt Sir John Pakington, Bt The Duke of Somerset Sir John Pakington, Bt Henry Lowry-Corry Hugh Childers George Goschen George Ward Hunt William Henry Smith Smith The Earl of Northbrook Lord George Hamilton The Marquess of Ripon Lord George Hamilton The Earl Spencer George Goschen The Earl of Selborne The Earl Cawdor The Lord Tweedmouth Reginald McKenna Winston Churchill Arthur Balfour Sir Edward Carson Sir Eric Geddes Walter Long The Viscount Lee of Fareham Wood Anderson Leo Amery The Viscount Chelmsford The Viscount Bridgeman A. V. Alexander Sir Austen Chamberlain The Viscount Monsell Sir Samuel Hoare, Bt Duff Cooper The Earl Stanhope Winston Churchill A. V. Alexander Brendan Bracken A. V. Alexander The Viscount Hall Lord Pakenham Viscount Cilcennin The Viscount Hailsham The Earl of Selkirk The Lord Carrington The Earl Jellicoe