Jhumri Telaiya

Jhumri Telaiya (also spelled as Jhumri Tilaiya) is a city in the Koderma District of Jharkhand, India. It is situated in the Damodar Valley. Alternative English transliterations of the town's name include Jhumri Tilaiya,[2] Jhumari Talaiya,[3] and Jhumari Tilaiya.[4]

Jhumri Telaiya
Town
Jhumri Telaiya
Jhumri Telaiya
Coordinates: 24.42894°N 85.53547°E / 24.42894; 85.53547
CountryIndia
StateJharkhand
DistrictKoderma
TehsilKoderma
Elevation
383 m (1,257 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total87,867
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Postal Index Number
825409
STD Code6534
ISO 3166 codeIN-JH
Vehicle registrationJH12

Etymology

Jhumri is the name of the original village in the area, which is now located in the city. The word "Telaiya" is the Hindi language word for a small lake (the Tilaiya Dam reservoir). Jhumari is also said to be a local folk dance.

History

Jhumri Telaiya was once a major mica mining center, Also known as Abrak (Hindi of Mica) Nagri. While laying a railroad through Kodarma in the 1890s, the British first discovered vast mica deposits in the region.[5] Mining activities started soon after and many mining houses were established. CH Private Ltd. of Chattu Ram Bhadani and Horil Ram Bhadani, Birdhichand Bansidhar of Late Shree Lal Khatuwala were some of the top firms which operated in the area.[6]

Govind Prasad Ambashtha was a popular man in this area during 1960s to 1990s. Prosperous businessmen built huge mansions in Jhumri Telaiya. Till the late 1960s, Mercedes and Porsche cars, and thoroughbreds from Arabia used to be common in Jhumri Taliya. The city once boasted of most number of phone connections and phone calls made in India.[5] Most of the mica business, was moved to the government-owned corporations sometime in 1973-74 through a government venture called as Bihar Mica Syndicate which was having Mica mines in Sapahi, 40 km from Jhumri Telaiya. This government venture was renamed to Bihar State Mineral Development Corporation (BSMDC), which is now known as Jharkhand State Mineral Development Corporation. Most of the mica used to be exported to USSR, for space and military equipment. The first firm to export mica was Birdhichand Bansidhar and later they setup their office in HongKong, Taiwan, Singapore, Sri Lanka etc.[7] With the dissolution of the USSR and the discovery of a synthetic substitute for mica, the mining activity declined in the 1990s.

The city was earlier a part of the Hazaribagh district, and was transferred to the newly created Koderma district on 10 April 1994. Originally a part of the Bihar state, Jhumri Telaiya became the part of the newly formed Jharkhand state in 2000. On 8 December 2008, the Jhumri Tilaiya municipality was declared as a minor urban area.[8][9]

Association with Vividh Bharati

Originally a little-known town, Jhumri Telaiya became famous in India in the 1950s owing to its connection with the radio channels Radio Ceylon and Vividh Bharati (a nationally broadcast radio service of the All India Radio). At a time when numerous television channels and FM radio stations were yet to come to India, the radio shows were a national phenomenon. The largest number of requests for film songs addressed to the channel came from Jhumri Telaiya.[10]

The trend started in the early 1950s, when a mica businessman named Rameshwar Prasad Barnwal started mailing 20-25 song requests (farmaish) to Radio Ceylon daily. Regularly hearing Barnwal's name on the radio inspired the paan-shop owner Ganga Prasad Magadhiya and Electronics Shop Owner of Nandlal Sinha to similarly mail a large number of song requests. The growing fame of these three Jhumri Telaiya residents led to the emergence of a song-request fad among the people of the town. Young listeners from the town would compete among themselves to send out the most song requests in a day or month. The radio listeners thus became familiar with the town of Jhumri Telaiya. In the 1980s, a radio listeners' club was formed in the town. Subsequently, other towns also started competing with Jhumari Telaiya by sending out a large number of song requests. The fad declined as television gained popularity, and postal costs increased.[11]

Because of a large number of song requests and the town's unusual name, many listeners of Vividh Bharti used to doubt its existence.[12] Thus the "Jhumri Talaiya" came to be associated with any less-known or insignificant place. This reference is found in several Hindi movies and songs. For example, the movie Mounto (1975) features a song titled Mein Toh Jhumri Taliyah Seh Aeyehi Hun ("I've come from Jhumri Talaiya").

Geography

Jhumri Taliya is located in the Damodar River valley, North Chotanagpur Division. It has an average elevation of 383 m (1,257 ft).[13] It is situated about eight kilometres from Koderma. Both the towns are closely linked.some day going to be one big urban zone in Jharkhand. The entire town is divided by the grand cord line of Eastern Railway, which passes through the middle of the town.

The Tilaiya Dam reservoir is located near the town. The dam was the first dam and hydro-electric power station constructed by the Damodar Valley Corporation across the Barakar River.

Places of interest near Jhumri Taliya include Rajgir, Nalanda, Bodhgaya, Hazaribag Wildlife Sanctuary, Sonbhandar Caves (rumored to have hidden Mauryan treasures), Dhwajadhari Hill, Satagawan Petro falls, the tomb of Sant Paramhans Baba at Domchanch, Makamaro Hills, Itkhori and Shaktipeeth Maa Chanchala Devi. There is a famous temple on a hillock named Chanchal Pahad (Pahad means hill in Hindi). It was known for hot springs in the past. Though the springs have dried now, the temple is still popular for Hindu rituals.

See also: Tilaiya Dam

Administration

Jhumri Taliya is situated in the Koderma tehsil of the Koderma district. The PIN code of Jhumri Taliya is 825409.

Transport

Koderma railway station in Jhumri Telaiya is on the Grand Chord railway line of East Central Railway connecting Calcutta and Delhi via Dhanbad. Through it, the town is well connected to several of the major Indian cities including Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Ujjain, Ahmedabad, Indore, Harda, Bhopal, Lucknow, Varanasi, Ranchi and Bhubaneswar.

Three new railway lines are being laid from Koderma railway station in three different directions: 1.Koderma-Giridih 102 km long 2.Koderma-Hazaribagh 79 km long (eventually to Barkakana railway junction, 133 km from Koderma) 3.Koderma-Tilaiya (JHARKHAND) The 35 km long railway line from Koderma to Nawadih towards Giridih has been commissioned in June 2013 and a passenger train has started running on this small section. This has made Koderma a railway junction. The railway line to Hazaribagh has been laid. Train service was started from 31 January 2014. Train runs two times a day from Koderma railway station to Hazaribagh.

Buses, jeeps, and three-wheelers connect Jhumri Taliya with nearby towns and villages. The town is accessible via the National highway 31, which is popularly known as Ranchi-Patna Road. It is located is 23 km from the Grand Trunk Road.

The nearest airport is Ranchi (162 km), the capital of the Jharkhand state. Patna, the capital of Bihar state, is situated 175 km away from the town.

Industries

Although the mica mining activity has declined, Jhumri Tilaiya still remains an important mica center in the Koderma-Hazaribagh Industrial Area, according to a 2008 IBEF report.[14] Telaiya has become incubator for small scale industries because of its proximity to easy access to minerals, good road-rail connectivity and good power infrastructure (due to the Damodar Valley Corporation sub station).

The region is a Ranchi Industrial Area Development Authority (RIADA) industrial area, which has hand pump and mica powder manufacturing units. Telaiya has numerous sponge iron plants and mica units. The Tilaiya Ultra Mega Power Project (UMPP) is an upcoming coal-based power in the Hazaribagh district, not far away from Jhumri Telaiya.[15][16] The Koderma Thermal Power station at Banjhedih is another power plant in the area.

On the banking sector, many national and private banks are available including State Bank of India, Union Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Bank of India, United Bank of India, Allahabad Bank, ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank etc. along with their ATMs.

Demographics

As per 2011 Census of India Jhumri Tilaiya Nagar Parishad had a total population of 87,867, of which 45,903 were males and 41,963 females. Scheduled Castes numbered 4,601 and Scheduled Tribes numbered 197.[17]

As of 2001 India census,[18] Jhumri Taliya had a population of 69,444. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Jhumri Teliya has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 52%. In Jhumri Teliya, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Khortha is the major language spoken in the town. Apart from this Hindi, Bhojpuri, Punjabi, Bengali, Marwari, and English are also spoken by people in this town.

Literacy

As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Jhumri Tilaiya Nagar Parishad was 60,076, out of which 34,398 were males and 25,678 were females.[17]

Education

There are over 25 schools in and around Jhumri Telaiya, including PVSS D.A V. Public School, Sainik School, Grizzly Vidyalaya and Saraswati Shishu Mandir.

The colleges in the town include:

  • Basukala Private Industrial Training Institute (ITI)
  • Chatthuram Horilram Intermediate College (CHIC)
  • Grizzly College of Education
  • Jagannath Jain College (JJ College)
  • Jharkhand Vidhi Mahavidyalaya
  • Jhumri Telaiya Commerce College (JTCC), Karma
  • Ramgovind Group of Colleges
    • Ramgovind Institute of Technology (R.I.T.), the only B.Tech Engineering college in the town
    • Ramgovind Polytechnic Institute (R.P.I), the only Diploma Engineering college in the town
  • Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav College
  • Government Polytechnic,Koderma

There are also Industrial training institutes (ITIs) and other vocational training centres in the town.

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References
  1. Kodarma District Census Handbook Archived 13 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine, 2011
  2. "District Gazette of Koderma" (PDF). District Administration, Koderma. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 January 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  3. "Lok Sabha 10 Debate (Session 6)". Government of India. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  4. "Jharkhand- List of Cities". Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India. Archived from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  5. "A rags to riches to rags story". Deccan Herald. 12 May 2005. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  6. "About us | Khatuwala Group". Khatuwala Group. Archived from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2018.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. "Declaration of Jhumari Tilaiya as Nagar Parashad". National Portal of India. Archived from the original on 30 January 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  9. "अधिसूचना 17 अगस्त 2009" (PDF). झारखण्ड गजट, संख्या 364, 26 श्रावण् 1931 शकाब्द (in Hindi). Ranchi: National Portal of India. 17 August 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  10. Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Paul Willemen (1999). Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema. British Film Institute. p. 485. Archived from the original on 12 June 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  11. Farzand Ahmed (1992). "Riding the radio waves". India Today. Living Media India. 17: 134. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
  12. Sanghamitra Mazumdar (21 June 2008). "Where are you going this winter? Jhumri Telaiya?". Indian Express. Retrieved 9 January 2012. Jhumri Telaiya is too quaint a name to be real—at least that’s what people who tuned into Vividh Bharati thought.
  13. "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jhumri Taliya". Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  14. "Investment Climate in Jharkhand" (PDF). India Brand Equity Foundation. May 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  15. "Tilaiya UMPP". Reliance Power. Archived from the original on 30 March 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  16. "Reliance Power bags Tilaiya mega project in Jharkhand". The Hindu. 29 June 2009. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  17. "2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables". Jharkhand – District-wise. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 19 March 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  18. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
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