Infrared lamp

Infrared lamps are electrical devices which emit infrared radiation. Infrared lamps are commonly used in radiant heating for industrial processes and building heating. Infrared LEDs are used for communication over optical fibers and in remote control devices. Infrared lamps are also used for some night vision devices where visible light would be objectionable. Infrared lamp sources are used in certain scientific and industrial instrument for chemical analysis of liquids and gases; for example, the pollutant sulfur dioxide in air can be measured using its infrared absorption characteristics.

Types

Incandescent light bulbs use a tungsten filament heated to high temperature to produce visible light and, necessarily, even more infrared radiation. Round bulbs, often tinted red to reduce visible light, provide infrared radiant heat suitable for warming of people or animals, but the power density available is low. The development of quartz halogen linear lamps allowed much higher power density up to 200 watts/inch of lamp (8 w/mm), useful for industrial heating, drying and processing applications.[1] By adjusting the voltage applied to incandescent lamps, the spectrum of the radiated energy can be made to reduce visible light and emphasize infrared energy production. Different wavelengths of infrared radiation are differently absorbed by different materials.

Some applications use the heat generated by the standard incandescent lamps, such as incubators, brooding boxes for poultry,[2] heat lights for reptile tanks,[3] novelty lamps such as lava lamps, and the Easy-Bake Oven toy. Heat lamps may have a red coating to reduce the visible light emitted.

Solid-state light emitting diodes can be produced to be efficient sources of near-monochromatic infrared energy. Such sources can be rapidly modulated for communication systems and control signals. A light emitting diode can be closely coupled to an optical fiber, allowing infrared signals to be sent up to scores of kilometres without amplification.

Heating
Main article: Infrared heater

Infrared heating uses infrared lamps, commonly called heat lamps, to transmit infrared radiation to the body that is being heated. When bodies with a large surface area need to be heated, infrared lamps are often used in banks. Infrared heat lamps are commonly incandescent bulbs which are able to produce infrared radiation. Infrared lamps have many industrial applications including curing coatings and preparing plastic for forming, commercial applications such as cooking and browning food, and personal applications such as providing heat (especially in bathrooms and for pets).[4]

Communication
Infrared light from the LED of a remote control as seen by a digital camera.

IR data transmission is also employed in short-range communication among computer peripherals and personal digital assistants. These devices usually conform to standards published by IrDA, the Infrared Data Association. Remote controls and IrDA devices use infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to emit infrared radiation which is focused by a plastic lens into a narrow beam. The beam is modulated, i.e. switched on and off, to encode the data. The receiver uses a silicon photodiode to convert the infrared radiation to an electric current. It responds only to the rapidly pulsing signal created by the transmitter, and filters out slowly changing infrared radiation from ambient light. Infrared communications are useful for indoor use in areas of high population density. IR does not penetrate walls and so does not interfere with other devices in adjoining rooms. Infrared is the most common way for remote controls to command appliances.

gollark: You could call it "5.15". Probably shouldn't. But could.
gollark: Add and subtract are some kind of compose, I forgot which way round, and concat is... some kind of arrowy operator? It returns a new function which runs two functions on the same input and returns two outputs.
gollark: In potatOS you can add, subtract, and concatenate functions.
gollark: You could do CC's current "5.1ish", and a "5.4" option, and... rewrite all the BIOS/CraftOS code to work in both, I guess? I don't know how practical that is.
gollark: It'd literally just be `debug.setfenv`, I think.

See also

References
  1. Raymond Kane, Heinz Sell (ed.) Revolution in Lamps: A Chronicle of 50 Years of Progress, Second Edition, CRC Press, 2001 ISBN 0824709179, Chapter 3 The T3 Quartz Infrared Lamp)
  2. "Storey's guide to raising chickens" Archived 28 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine Damerow, Gail. Storey Publishing, LLC; 2nd edition (12 January 1995), ISBN 978-1-58017-325-4. page 221. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  3. "277 Secrets Your Snake and Lizard Wants you to Know Unusual and useful Information for Snake Owners & Snake Lovers" Archived 29 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine Cooper, Paulette. Ten Speed Press (1 March 2004), ISBN 978-1-58008-035-4. Page 161. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
  4. Calculation Example Infrared Heating - "Calculate Infrared Heating".
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