Ilesa

Ilesa (Yoruba: Iléṣà) is a city located in the Osun State, south west Nigeria; it is also the name of a historic kingdom (also known as Ijesha) centered on that city.[1] The state is ruled by a monarch bearing the title of the Owa Obokun Adimula of Ijesaland.[2] The state of Ilesa consisted of Ilesa itself and a number of smaller surrounding cities.[3]

"Ilesha" redirects here. For the river in Russia, see Ilesha (river).

Ilesa
Ilesa
Location in Nigeria
Coordinates: 7°37′0″N 4°43′0″E
Country Nigeria
StateOsun State
Government
 • Owa Obokun AdimulaAromolaran II
Population
 (2007)
 • Total305.480
 (metropolitan area)

The Ijesa, a term also denoting the people of the state of Ilesa, are part of the present Osun State of Nigeria.[4] Some of the popular towns of the Ijesa are Ibokun, Erin Ijesa, Ijeda-Ijesa, Ipetu Jesa, Ijebu-Jesa, Esa-Oke, Ipole Ijesa, Ifewara Ijesa,Iloko Ijesa, Iwara Ijesa, Iperindo Ijesa, Erinmo Ijesa, Iwaraja Ijesa, Erin Ijesa, Idominasi, Ilase Ijesa, Igangan ijesa, Imo Ijesa, Alakowe Ijesa, Osu Ijesa, Eti Oni, Itaore, Itagunmodi, Itaapa, Epe Ijesa, Omo Ijesa, Eti-oni, Ibokun, Inila, Ijinla, Iloba Ijesa, Odo Ijesa, Imogbara Ijesa, Eseun Ijesa, Iloo, Owena Ijesa, Ido Ijesa, Ido Oko Ibala Ijesa, Idominasi, Ilowa, and Ibodi.[5]

The state of Ijeshaland was founded c.1300 by Ajibogun Ajaka Owa Obokun Onida Raharaha, a warlike grandson of Emperor Oduduwa.

A Series Of Excerpts From The Oral Records Of The Ijesa

According to the historian Samuel Johnson:

The Olofin, king of Ile-Ife, had several children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren ; amongst them were the king of Ado or Benin, the king of Oyo, the Osemawe of Ondo (from a daughter), the Alara of Ara, the Ajero of Ijero, the Alaye of Efon-Alaye, the Owore of Otun, the Orangun of Ila, the Aregbajo of Igbajo, and the Owa Ajaka of Ilesa.

When the Olofin became blind from old age, he was much depressed in mind from this cause ; efforts were put forth to effect his cure, all of which proved fruitless, when a certain man came forward and prescribed for him a sure remedy which among other ingredients contained salt water. He put the case before his children, but none made any effort to procure some for him save his youngest grandson. This was a very brave prince who bore the title of "Esinkin" amongst the King's household warriors, a title much allied to that of the Kakanfo. He was surnamed "Ajaka", (i.e. one who fights everywhere, on account of his proclivities and his being fond of adventures). He volunteered to go and fetch some wherever procurable.

Having been away for many years and not heard of, the aged sire and every one else despaired of his ever coming back; so the King divided his property amongst the remaining grown-up children. Although the Alado (king of Benin) was the eldest, the Oloyo was the most beloved, and to him he gave the land, and told him to scour it all over, and settle nowhere till he came to a slippery place, and there make his abode; hence the term "Oyo" (slippery) and thus Oyos are such slippery customers! After they had all gone and settled in their respective localities, all unexpectedly, the young adventurer turned up with water from the sea!

The monarch made use of it as per prescription and regained his sight! Hence, the Ijesas who subsequently became his subjects are sometimes termed "Omo Obokun", children of the brine procurer. Having distributed all his property, he had nothing left for Ajaka. He therefore gave him a sword lying by his side with leave to attack any of his brothers, especially the Alara or Alado, and possess himself of their wealth, but should he fail, to retire back to him; hence the appellation "Owa Ajaka Onida Raharaha" (Owa the ubiquitous fighter, a man with a devastating sword). The Owa Ajaka settled a little way from his grandfather, and on one occasion he paid him a visit, and found him sitting alone with his crown on his head and — out of sheer wantonness — he cut off some of the crown's fringes with his sword. The old man was enraged by this act, and swore that he would never wear a crown with fringes on.

The Aregbajo was one of those who had a crown given to him, but the Owa Ajaka, paying him a visit on one occasion, saw it, and took it away, and never returned it. As a result, the kings of Igbajo never wear a crown to this day. The Owa also attacked the Olojudo and defeated him, and took possession of his crown; but he never put it on. On every public occasion however, it used to be carried before him. This continued to be the case until all the clans became independent.

The Owa's mother, when married as a young bride, was placed under the care of the mother of the Oloyo, hence the Alaafin of Oyo often regarded the Owa as his own son. The Orangun of Ila and the Alara of Ara were his brothers of the same mother. The Ooni of Ife was not a son of the Olofin, but the son of a female slave of his whom he offered in sacrifice. The Olofin kept the boy always by him, and when he sent away his sons, this little boy took great care of him and managed his household affairs well until his death. When the Oloyo succeeded his grandfather, he authorised the boy to have charge of the palace and the city, and he sent to notify his brothers of this appointment. So whenever it was asked who was in charge of the house, the answer invariably was "Omo Oluwo ni" (It is the son of the sacrificial victim). This has been contracted to the term Ooni.

The Owa and his brothers used to pay the Alaafin annual visits, with presents of firewood, fine locally-made mats, kola nuts and bitter kolas ; the Owore of Otun with sweet water from a cool spring at Otun — this water the Alaafin first spills on the ground as a libation before performing any ceremonies. The other Ekiti kings used also to take with them suitable presents as each could afford, and bring away lavish presents from their elder brother. This Ajaka subsequently became the first Owa of the Ijesas.

[6]

Colonial assessment

The city was described by the Rev. William Howard Clark in 1854 in the following manner:

For its cleanliness, regularity in breath and width, and the straightness of its streets, the ancient city of Ilesa far surpasses any native town I have seen in black Africa.

[7]

The Ijesa Monarchs

There are four royal houses amongst which accession to the throne is supposed to be rotated: Biladu, Bilagbayo, Bilaro and Bilayirere. Rulers, under the title of Owa Obokun Adimula, have been as follows:

Owa Ajibogun-
Owa Owaka Okile
Owa Obarabara Olokun Eshin
Owa Owari1466 - 1522
Owa Owaluse1522 - 1526
Owa Atakumosa1526-c. 1560
Yeyelagagba1588 - 1590
Yeyegunrogbo1590 - 1591
Owa Biladu I1652 - 1653
Owa Biladu II1653 - 1681
Yeyewaji1681 -
Owa Bilaro1681 - 1690
Owa Bilayiarere1691 - 1692
Owa Bilagbayo1713 - 1733
Yeyeori1734 - 1749
Ori Abejoye17.. - ...
Owa Bilajagodo "Arijelesin"... - ...
Owa Bilatutu "Otutu bi Osin"1772 - 1776
Owa Bilasa "Asa abodofunfun"1776 - 1788
Owa Akesan1788 - 1795
Owa Bilajara1... - 1807
Ogbagba1807–1813
Obara "Bilajila"1813–1828
Owa Odundun1828–1833
Gbegbaaje1833–1839
Ariyasunle (1st time) -Regent1839
Owa Ofokutu1839–1853
Ariyasunle (2nd time) -Regent1853
Owa Aponlose1858 –1867
Owa Alobe1867–1868
Owa Agunlejika I1868 - 1869
1871 Vacant4 Jun 1870 -
Owa Oweweniye(1st time)1871–1873
Vacant1873
Oweweniye (2nd time)1873–1875
Owa Adimula Agunloye-bi-Oyinbo "Bepolonun1875 - 1893
Owa AlowoloduMar 1893 - Nov 1894
VacantNov 1894 - Apr 1896
Owa Ajimoko IApr 1896 - Sep 1901
Owa Ataiyero [Atayero]1901–1920
Owa Aromolaran1920–1942
Ajimoko "Haastrup" -Regent1942 - 10 Sep 1942
Ajimoko II "Fidipote"10 Sep 1942 - 18 Oct 1956
J. E. Awodiya -Regent18 Oct 1956 - 1957
Owa Biladu III "Fiwajoye" Ogunmokun1957 - Jul 1963
... -RegentJul 1963 - 1966
Owa Agunlejika II1966–1981
Owa Gabriel Adekunle Aromolaran II1982 - ?

Notable people
  • Israel Olatunde Adedeji-Orolugbagbe, JP, BA London (Erudite Scholar & Renowned Educationist) {Tutor Christ School, Ado-Ekiti, St. Luke’s College, Ibadan, Ilesa Grammar School, Ilesa, Member, Ijesa Union, Ibadan, Ijesa Progressive Circle (now Ijesa Progressive Council), Ijesa Improvement Society (Egbe Atunluse Ile-Ijesa)}
  • T. M. Aluko OBE OON
  • Akinloye Akinyemi, Nigerian major
  • Chief Lawrence Omole, Business mogul and industrialist
  • Tosho Obembe, Business mogul and industrialist
  • L.O Ayeni Rational, Business mogul and industrialist
  • Dr. Fajemisin, Medical Doctor
  • Prof Wale Omole, University Lecturer and Former VC OAU Ile Ife
  • Majekodunmi Fesheke, Renowned musician
  • Michael Adeniran, Business mogul and industrialist
  • Olu Abiola, Business mogul and industrialist
  • Prof Ibidapo-Obe, University Lecturer and Former VC University of Lagos
  • Chief Ayotunde Durojaiye, Renowned Educationist.
  • Bishop John I.A Falope, The First Bishop of Ilesa Diocese
  • Samuel Olatunde Fadahunsi, Commander of the Order of Niger, CON and President of the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN)
  • Hon. Justice Kayode Eso. Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria
  • Professor Bolaji Akinyemi, a Nigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs and a Professor of Political Science
  • Moses Olaiya (also known as Baba Sala), a famous comedian
  • Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, a Governor of Osun State
  • Isaac Folorunsho Adewole, a Nigerian Minister of Health and a former Vice Chancellor of University of Ibadan
  • Pastor Enoch Adeboye, general overseer of the Redeemed Christian Church of God
  • Pastor Timothy Oluwole Obadare, of CAC WOSEM
  • Pastor William Kumuyi, General Superintendent of Deeper Christian Life Ministries
  • Ayo Mary Laurent (also known as Princess Mary), British film director and actress, star of television's Asylum and the great-granddaughter of the Ilesa monarch Ajimoko II “Fidipote” (r. 10 Sep 1942 - 18 Oct 1956)
  • Yinka Jegede-Ekpe[8]

gollark: You can just not do either.
gollark: It's not between those though.
gollark: It's fuzzily defined, somewhat niche as a concern anyway, and rarely actually encoded into law.
gollark: Also the rest of the government I think. Similar to the US's many mass surveillance laws.
gollark: The "investigatory powers bill" is also rather bad but many countries have the same sort of thing nowadays, so the awfulness isn't very unique.

References
  1. "Osun 2014: Ijesa North Traditional Rulers Declare Support for Aregbesola". thisdaylive.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015.
  2. "From Ancient to Modern Cities". thisdaylive.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015.
  3. "Ajayi Emerges New King of Erinmo-Ijesha". thisdaylive.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015.
  4. "Osun 2014: The Battle for Aregbesola's Job". thisdaylive.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015.
  5. "Yoruba Hometowns". google.com.
  6. Johnson, Samuel (1921), The History of the Yorubas, from the earliest times to the beginning of the British protectorate, p. 23-25.
  7. "Ilesha". Litcaf. 16 February 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  8. Donnelly, John (10 March 2004). "A name, not a number - Taipei Times". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
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