Howard Scott Warshaw

Howard Scott Warshaw (born July 30, 1957), also known as HSW, is an American psychotherapist and former game designer. He worked at Atari in the early 1980s, where he designed and programmed the Atari 2600 games Yars' Revenge, Raiders of the Lost Ark, and E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.

Howard Scott Warshaw
Warshaw, 2015
Born	(1957-06-30) June 30, 1957 Colorado
Pen name	HSW, The Silicon Valley Therapist
Occupation	Psychotherapist
Language	English
Nationality	American
Education	Master of Engineering Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology
Alma mater	Tulane University John F. Kennedy University
Notable works	E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Yars' Revenge
Website
hswarshaw.com
Literature portal

Warshaw has also written two books, and produced and directed three documentaries.

Early life

Warshaw was "Colorado-born, Jersey-raised, and New Orleans-schooled".[1] He attended Tulane University, where he received a bachelor's degree, with a double major in Math and Economics.[2] He graduated Phi Beta Kappa and received a scholarship for his graduate work in Computer Science. One year later he received his master's degree in Computer Engineering.

Career

After graduation, he was hired at Hewlett-Packard as a multi-terminal systems engineer. In 1981, he was hired at Atari.[2]

Atari

Warshaw's first success, Yars' Revenge, had been conceived as an Atari 2600 adaptation of the arcade game Star Castle. However, as limitations became clear, Warshaw re-adapted the concept into a new game involving mutated houseflies defending their world against an alien attacker. The game's working title was Time Freeze.[2] Playtesting by Atari found that the game was popular with women.[2] The game was a major success and is still regarded as one of the best games made for the Atari 2600. This led Warshaw to be chosen to design the game adaptation of the film Raiders of the Lost Ark, which was also a critically acclaimed commercial success. This is the first video game based on a movie.[3]

His success on Raiders likewise made him designer and programmer of the ill-fated Atari 2600 adaptation of the film E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. Problems began early as he was only given five weeks to go from concept to finished product. Warshaw was assisted by Jerome Domurat, a graphics designer at Atari.[2] Although the game was finished on time, it was poorly received and seen as confusing and frustrating. Atari took a major financial loss on the project which, combined with the company's other poor business decisions and the North American video game crash of 1983, led to the company being divided and sold within two years. During this time, Warshaw developed and almost finished another game called Saboteur. He left the company before it was completed. It was then re-adapted into a game based on the television series The A-Team but this also remained unfinished.[2] Atari was dismantled before either version could be released.

In the 2014 movie Atari: Game Over he is quoted as saying that each of his games had more than 1 million copies sold.

Later work

Following the collapse of Atari, Warshaw wrote two books. The first, The Complete Book of PAN, is a guide to the card game of PAN. In the second, Conquering College, Warshaw discusses his techniques toward academic success, referred to as RASABIC (Read Ahead, Stay Ahead, Be In Class) which enabled him to graduate early and save one full year's tuition.

Later, he studied video production, and released the documentary From There to Here: Scenes of Passage, a chronicle of the American immigration of two Russian women from the same family, one in 1920 and the other in 1980.[2] Subsequently, he went on to produce the multi-part documentary Once Upon Atari,[4] a collection of interviews and stories of employees and designers at Atari during the late 1970s and early 1980s. In 2005, he also produced and directed the documentary Vice & Consent, focusing on members of the BDSM scene in San Francisco. This documentary was adopted by Santa Clara University as part of their Human Sexuality program, where Warshaw lectures regularly.

In 2004 classic video game enthusiasts produced cartridges of Saboteur for sale at game expos. It debuted at PhillyClassic 5 where Warshaw appeared to bless the distribution and autograph the cartridges. That year Atari released the Atari Flashback system that includes fifteen Atari 2600 and five Atari 7800 games, including Saboteur.

Warshaw always left his initials as a video game Easter egg. In Raiders of the Lost Ark, the player can find a "Yar". In E.T., the player can find both a "Yar" and an "Indy". In Yars' Revenge, sometimes the enemy will launch itself out of its protective shield at the player; with a well-timed shot, the player can destroy the enemy instead of just avoiding it. When this happens, a black streak will appear in the explosion. If the player stays on this "mean streak" until the explosion is complete, HSWWSH (his initials forward and backward) appear on the screen, and end the game.

In 2008, Warshaw guest starred as himself in the G4TV animated series Code Monkeys in the second-season episode "Dean in Charge".

In 2011, Warshaw received a Master of Arts degree in Counseling Psychology from John F. Kennedy University. He was an intern psychotherapist in private practice specializing in couples and the unique stresses and challenges of Silicon Valley's Hi-tech community.

He has a role in the independent film Angry Video Game Nerd: The Movie. The movie involves the title character digging up the infamous E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial cartridges in the New Mexican landfill where millions of copies are believed to be buried. His role was originally going to be a main role, playing a "mad scientist" version of himself. Because of his involvement in psychotherapy, Warshaw requested to change his role to a cameo, playing as his actual self.

On November 14, 2012, Warshaw became a licensed psychotherapist in California. He has a private practice in Los Altos as well as doing public speaking and training delivery in the Silicon Valley area.[3]

In June 2013, Warshaw became a contributing artist to the Museum of Modern Art in New York where Yars' Revenge was accepted as a part of the new video game collection.[5] As of that time, this game became part of the museum's second round of additions, out of the first twenty-one total items, in their video game collection which had begun in late 2012.[6][7]

See also

• North American video game crash of 1983

References

1. "Vice & Consent". Retrieved March 10, 2018.
2. Scott Stilphen. "DP Interviews..." Retrieved March 10, 2018.
3. Warshaw, Howard Scott (May 31, 2017). "Total Failure: The World's Worst Video Game". NPR. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
4. "Howard Scott Warshaw". The A.V. Club. The Onion. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
5. "Yars' Revenge at the MoMA collection". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
6. Galloway, Paul (June 28, 2013). "Video Games: Seven More Building Blocks in MoMA's Collection". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
7. Antonelli, Paola (November 29, 2013). "Video Games: 14 in the Collection, for Starters". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved March 10, 2018.

External links

• The Silicon Valley Therapist - Warshaw's website
• Official website for Once Upon Atari
• Warshaw's Conquering College Book
• Warshaw's PAN Book
• Howard Scott Warshaw profile on MobyGames
• Vice & Consent
• Matt Chat 69: Howard Scott Warshaw's Early Days on YouTube
• Matt Chat 70: ET and Yars' Revenge with Howard Scott Warshaw on YouTube
• Atari: Game Over on IMDb