Helictotrichon

Helictotrichon, or alpine oatgrass,[2] is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the grass family.[3][4][5][6] Genus name comes from the Greek heliktos meaning twisted and trichos meaning spine, referring to the shape of the awn.[7]

Helictotrichon
Helictotrichon sempervirens
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Supertribe: Poodae
Tribe: Poeae
Subtribe: Aveninae
Genus: Helictotrichon
Besser
Type species
Helictotrichon sempervirens
Synonyms[1]
  • Aristavena F.Albers & Butzin
  • Avenastrum (K.Koch) Opiz
  • Avenochloa Holub
  • Danthorhiza Ten.
  • Elictotrichon Besser ex Andrz.
  • Heuffelia Schur
  • Neoholubia Tzvelev
  • Stipavena Vierh.

Most of the species are native to Africa and Eurasia with a few species in North America. Helictotrichon sempervirens is widely cultivated as an ornamental.[8][9][10]

Species[1]
  • Helictotrichon altius (Hitchc.) Ohwi - China
  • Helictotrichon angustum C.E.Hubb. - Kenya, Yemen
  • Helictotrichon arctum Cope - Yemen
  • Helictotrichon barbatum (Nees) Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon burmanicum Bor - Myanmar
  • Helictotrichon cantabricum (Lag.) Gervais - Pyrenees in France + Spain
  • Helictotrichon capense Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon convolutum (C.Presl) Henrard - Italy, Greece, Balkans, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon
  • Helictotrichon cycladum (Rech.f. & T.C.Scheff.) Rech.f. - Greece incl Crete
  • Helictotrichon decorum (Janka) Henrard - Romania
  • Helictotrichon delavayi (Hack.) Henrard - China
  • Helictotrichon desertorum (Less.) Nevski - Austria, Czech Rep, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia
  • Helictotrichon devesae Romero Zarco - Spain
  • Helictotrichon dodii (Stapf) Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon elongatum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) C.E.Hubb. - Madagascar; Africa from Chad to Eritrea to Zimbabwe
  • Helictotrichon fedtschenkoi (Hack.) Henrard - Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
  • Helictotrichon filifolium (Lag.) Henrard - Spain, Morocco, Algeria
  • Helictotrichon galpinii Schweick. - South Africa, Lesotho
  • Helictotrichon hideoi (Honda) Ohwi - Japan, Taiwan
  • Helictotrichon hirtulum (Steud.) Schweick. - South Africa, Lesotho
  • Helictotrichon hissaricum (Roshev.) Henrard - Tajikistan
  • Helictotrichon imberbe (Nees) Veldkamp - South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland
  • Helictotrichon junghuhnii (Buse) Henrard - China, Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar, Sumatra, Java, New Guinea
  • Helictotrichon × krischae H.Melzer - Austria
  • Helictotrichon krylovii (Pavlov) Henrard - Yakutia, Magadan
  • Helictotrichon lachnanthum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) C.E.Hubb. - Bioko, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda
  • Helictotrichon leianthum (Keng) Ohwi - China
  • Helictotrichon leoninum (Steud.) Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon longifolium (Nees) Schweick. - South Africa, Lesotho
  • Helictotrichon longum (Stapf) Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon macrostachyum (Balansa & Durieu) Henrard - Algeria
  • Helictotrichon mannii (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb. - Bioko, Cameroon
  • Helictotrichon milanjianum (Rendle) C.E.Hubb. - Madagascar, East Africa
  • Helictotrichon mongolicum (Roshev.) Henrard - Siberia, Mongolia, Xinjiang, Kazakhstan
  • Helictotrichon mortonianum (Scribn.) Henrard - USA (Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, New Mexico)
  • Helictotrichon murcicum Holub - Spain
  • Helictotrichon namaquense Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon natalense (Stapf) Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon newtonii (Stapf) C.E.Hubb. - Angola
  • Helictotrichon parlatorei (J.Woods) Pilg. - Alps of France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia
  • Helictotrichon petzense H.Melzer - Alps of Austria, Slovenia
  • Helictotrichon planifolium (Willk.) Holub - Pyrenees in France + Spain
  • Helictotrichon polyneurum (Hook.f.) Henrard - Tamil Nadu
  • Helictotrichon potaninii Tzvelev - Sichuan
  • Helictotrichon quinquesetum (Steud.) Schweick. - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon requienii (Mutel) Henrard - France + Spain
  • Helictotrichon rogerellisii Mashau, Fish & A.E.van Wyk - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon roggeveldense Mashau, Fish & A.E.van Wyk - South Africa
  • Helictotrichon sangilense Krasnob. - Tuva in Siberia
  • Helictotrichon sarracenorum (Gand.) Holub - Spain
  • Helictotrichon schmidii (Hook.f.) Henrard - India, China
  • Helictotrichon sedenense (Clarion ex DC.) Holub - France, Spain, Italy, Morocco
  • Helictotrichon sempervirens (Vill.) Pilg. - Blue oat grass - France, Italy
  • Helictotrichon setaceum (Vill.) Henrard - France, Italy
  • Helictotrichon sumatrense Ohwi - Sumatra
  • Helictotrichon tianschanicum (Roshev.) Henrard - Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang
  • Helictotrichon tibeticum (Roshev.) Holub - China incl Tibet + Xinjiang
  • Helictotrichon turcomanicum Czopanov - Turkmenistan
  • Helictotrichon umbrosum (Hochst. ex Steud.) C.E.Hubb. - Ethiopia, Sudan, South Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania
  • Helictotrichon uniyalii Kandwal & B.K.Gupta - Uttarakhand
  • Helictotrichon yunnanense S.Wang & B.S.Sun - Yunnan
formerly included[1]

Many species once considered part of Helictotrichon are now regarded as better suited to other genera. A large number are now in Helictochloa with smaller numbers of species in Amphibromus Arrhenatherum Avenula Danthoniastrum Duthiea Tricholemma and Trisetum.

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. "Helictotrichon". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  3. Besser, Wilibert Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von. 1827. in Schultes, Josef August & Schultes, Julius Hermann. Mantissa in volumen primum [-tertium] :Systematis vegetabilium caroli a Linné 3: 526 in Latin, in observations; page 526 is mislabeled as page 326
  4. GrassBase entry
  5. "United States Department of Agriculture Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) entry". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  6. Tropicos, Helictotrichon Besser ex Schult. & Schult. f
  7. Missouri Botanical Garden
  8. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
  9. Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 317 异燕麦属 yi yan mai shu Helictotrichon Besser ex Schultes & J. H. Schultes, Mant. 3 (Addit. I ad Mant. Cl. III): 526 [“326”]. 1827.
  10. Altervisita Flora Italiana, genere Helictotrichon
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