Hadrosauroidea

Hadrosauroidea is a clade or superfamily of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, or hadrosaurids, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than to Iguanodon.They are from Asia, Europe and Africa. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the Asian Probactrosaurus and Altirhinus, have traditionally been included in a paraphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae". With cladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes only Iguanodon and perhaps its closest relatives.

Hadrosauroidea Temporal range: Early-Late Cretaceous, 130–66 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Holotype skeleton of Tethyshadros insularis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Order:	†Ornithischia
Suborder:	†Ornithopoda
Clade:	†Hadrosauriformes
Superfamily:	†Hadrosauroidea Cope, 1869
Type species
†Hadrosaurus foulkii Leidy, 1858
Subgroups
†Altirhinus †Batyrosaurus †Bolong? †Choyrodon †Datonglong †Equijubus †Gobihadros †Gongpoquansaurus †Koshisaurus †Jinzhousaurus? †Mantellisaurus? †Ouranosaurus? †Penelopognathus †Probactrosaurus †Siamodon †Sirindhorna †Xuwulong †Zuoyunlong †Hadrosauromorpha
Synonyms
Trachodontoidea Lydekker, 1888 Hadrosauria Huene, 1956

Classification

The cladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012, and shows the position of Hadrosauroidea within Styracosterna.[1]

Styracosterna	Uteodon aphanoecetes         Hippodraco scutodens     Theiophytalia kerri         Iguanacolossus fortis       Lanzhousaurus magnidens       Kukufeldia tilgatensis       Barilium dawsoni   Hadrosauriformes   Iguanodon bernissartensis   Hadrosauroidea   Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis     Other hadrosauroids

The cladogram below follows an analysis by Wu Wenhao and Pascal Godefroit (2012).[2]

Hadrosauriformes	Iguanodontidae    Iguanodon       Ouranosaurus     Mantellisaurus        Hadrosauroidea    Bolong       Equijubus       Jinzhousaurus       Altirhinus       Batyrosaurus       Probactrosaurus       Eolambia       Protohadros       Bactrosaurus     Levnesovia       Shuangmiaosaurus       Tethyshadros       Telmatosaurus     Hadrosauridae

Cladogram after Prieto-Marquez and Norell (2010).[3]

Hadrosauroidea	Jinzhousaurus     Penelopognathus         Equijubus       Probactrosaurus         Eolambia     Protohadros         Tanius       Bactrosaurus       Gilmoreosaurus       Telmatosaurus       Shuangmiaosaurus     Nanyangosaurus     Lophorhothon     Hadrosauridae

A phylogenetic analysis performed by Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2012) found a big polytomy of all hadrosauroids which are more derived than Probactrosaurus but less derived than Hadrosauridae. The exclusion of Claosaurus, Jeyawati, Levnesovia, Nanyangosaurus, Shuangmiaosaurus and Telmatosaurus from the polytomy resulted in a more resolved topology.[4]

Hadrosauroidea

Jinzhousaurus yangi       Fukuisaurus tetoriensis       Penelopognathus weishampeli       Equijubus normani       Probactrosaurus gobiensis         Eolambia caroljonesa     Protohadros byrdi         Tanius sinensis         Bactrosaurus johnsoni     Glishades ericksoni         Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis       Huehuecanauhtlus tiquichensis         Jintasaurus meniscus     Tethyshadros insularis       Hadrosauridae

See also

• Timeline of hadrosaur research

References

1. McDonald, A. T. (2012). Farke, Andrew A (ed.). "Phylogeny of Basal Iguanodonts (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): An Update". PLoS ONE. 7 (5): e36745. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036745. PMC 3358318. PMID 22629328.
2. Wu Wenhao; Pascal Godefroit (2012). "Anatomy and Relationships of Bolong yixianensis, an Early Cretaceous Iguanodontoid Dinosaur from Western Liaoning, China". In Godefroit, P. (ed.). Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems. Indiana University Press. pp. 293–333.
3. Albert Prieto-Marquez & Mark A. Norell (2010). "Anatomy and Relationships of Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis (Dinosauria: Hadrosauroidea) from the Late Cretaceous of Central Asia" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 3694: 1–52. doi:10.1206/3694.2. ISSN 0003-0082.
4. Angel Alejandro Ramírez-Velasco; Mouloud Benammi; Albert Prieto-Márquez; Jesús Alvarado Ortega; René Hernández-Rivera (2012). "Huehuecanauhtlus tiquichensis, a new hadrosauroid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Santonian (Late Cretaceous) of Michoacán, Mexico". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 49 (2): 379–395. doi:10.1139/e11-062.