Graham Moore (Royal Navy officer)

Sir Graham Moore
Sir Graham Moore
	Oil on canvas portrait, c. 1792, by Sir Thomas Lawrence
Born	1764; Glasgow, Scotland
Died	25 November 1843 (aged 78–79); Cobham, Surrey
Allegiance	Great Britain; United Kingdom
Service/branch	Royal Navy
Years of service	1777–1839
Rank	Admiral
Commands held	HMS Bonetta; HMS Syren; HMS Melampus; HMS Indefatigable; HMS Marlborough; HMS Chatham; HMS Fame; Mediterranean Fleet; Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth;
Battles/wars	American Revolutionary War; • Relief of Gibraltar; • Battle of Cape Spartel; • Battle of Tory Island; French Revolutionary Wars; Napoleonic Wars; • Action of 5 October 1804; • Walcheren Campaign;
Awards	Order of the Tower and Sword (1808); Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (1815); Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (1832); Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (1836);
Relations	Dr. John Moore (father); General Sir John Moore (brother); Harriet Jane Moore (niece)

Admiral Sir Graham Moore, GCB, GCMG (1764–1843) was a Royal Navy officer. As a junior officer he took part in the Great Siege of Gibraltar during the American Revolutionary War. As captain of the frigate Melampus, he took part in the Battle of Tory Island in October 1798, capturing the French frigate Résolue two days later, during the French Revolutionary Wars. He went on to be First Naval Lord, then Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet and, finally, Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth. He was the younger brother of General Sir John Moore.

Naval career

Moore was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of Jean Simson and John Moore, doctor and author. He entered the Navy in 1777[1] at the age of 13. He was promoted to lieutenant on 8 March 1782 to serve aboard Crown, taking part in the relief of Gibraltar under Lord Howe, and the subsequent battle of Cape Spartel in October. During the peace he travelled through France, but was recalled to serve aboard Perseus, Dido, and then Adamant, the flagship of Sir Richard Hughes on the North American Station. On 22 November 1790 he was promoted to commander in the sloop Bonetta, before finally returning to England in 1793.[1]

Battle of Tory island on 12 October 1798 by Nicholas Pocock; Moore took part in the action

Moore was promoted to post-captain on 2 April 1794, soon after the start of the Revolutionary War, with command of the 32-gun frigate Syren,[2] in the North Sea and the coast of France. He then commanded the 36-gun frigate Melampus from September 1795.[1] In her he took part in the Battle of Tory Island on 12 October 1798, capturing the French frigate Résolue two days later.[2] In February 1800 he went out to the West Indies, but was invalided home after eighteen months.[1]

Sir Graham Moore's action off Cape St. Mary, 5 October 1804

On the renewal of the war in 1803 he was appointed to Indefatigable (44),[1] and with three other frigates — Medusa (32), Lively (38) and Amphion (32) — under his command, captured a Spanish treasure fleet of four frigates — Medea (40), Clara (34), Fama (34) and Mercedes (36) — carrying bullion from the Caribbean back to Spain off Cadiz in the Action of 5 October 1804.[1]

Moore was then attached to Sir Robert Calder's squadron blockading Ferrol. In 1808, he served as commodore, flying his broad pennant in the new ship Marlborough[1] assisting Admiral Sir Sidney Smith with the Portuguese royal family's escape to Brazil,[1] and was subsequently made a Knight of the Order of the Tower and Sword.[2]

He later served as part of the North Sea fleet for several years.[1] At the close of the Walcheren campaign in December 1809, he was entrusted with destroying the basin, arsenal, and sea defences of Flushing (Vlissingen).[2]

Moore commanded Chatham from March 1812, until promoted to rear-admiral on 12 August 1812,[2][3] and served as Commander-in-Chief in the Baltic for a short time, flying his flag in HMS Fame. In 1814 he served as captain of the fleet to Lord Keith in the Channel, and, having been appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 2 January 1815,[4] he became second-in-command, Mediterranean Fleet in 1815.[1] He joined the Board of Admiralty[5] as First Naval Lord[6] in the Liverpool ministry in May 1816.[1]

Promoted to vice-admiral on 12 August 1819,[7] he left the Board of the Admiralty in March 1820.[2] He was Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet between 1820 and 1823[1] and was advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 11 March 1836.[8] Promoted to full admiral on 10 January 1837,[9] he served as Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth from 1839 to 1842[1] flying his flag in Impregnable.[1]

Tomb of Sir Graham Moore at St. Andrew's Church, Cobham, Surrey

Moore died at his home, Brook Farm, Cobham, Surrey,[10] on 25 November 1843,[1] and was buried at St. Andrew's Church.[11]

Family

In 1812 he married Dora Eden, daughter of Thomas Eden, and niece of William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland; they had one son, Captain John Moore, RN (d. 1866).[1]

Diary

Moore kept a detailed diary from 1784 until 1843, comprising thirty-four volumes, which provide a unique account of his service as a lieutenant, commander and captain.[12] The diary is held at Cambridge University Library.[13]

Namesakes

Several places were named in his honour: the Sir Graham Moore Islands,[14] Cape Graham Moore,[15] and Graham Moore Bay,[16] in northern Canada were named by William Parry, while the Sir Graham Moore Islands, Western Australia, were named by Phillip Parker King.[17]

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References

Laughton, John Knox (1894). "Moore, Graham" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 38. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
O'Byrne, William Richard (1849). A Naval Biographical Dictionary: comprising the life and services of every living officer in Her Majesty's navy, from the rank of admiral of the fleet to that of lieutenant, inclusive. London: John Murray. p. 777. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
"No. 16632". The London Gazette. 11 August 1812. p. 1585.
"No. 16972". The London Gazette. 4 January 1815. p. 19.
"Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
Rodger, p. 69
"No. 17505". The London Gazette. 12 August 1819. p. 1446.
"No. 19365". The London Gazette. 15 March 1836. p. 495.
"No. 19456". The London Gazette. 10 January 1837. p. 69.
"Obituary : Admiral Sir Graham Moore". The Gentleman's Magazine. XXI: 317–319. 1844. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
"Moore Tomb, Church of St Andrew". British Listed Buildings. 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
Walker, T.E.C. (1963). "The Diary of Admiral Sir Graham Moore of Brook Farm, Cobham" (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 60. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
Fulton, p. 403
"Sir Graham Moore Islands". travelingluck.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
"Cape Graham Moore". travelingluck.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
Parry, William Edward (1821). Journal of a voyage for the discovery of a North-West passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific. [1], Performed in the years 1819 - 20 in his majesty's ships Hecla and Griper. London: John Murray. p. 59.
"Status Performance Assessment: Biodiversity conservation of Western Australian Islands" (PDF). Government of Western Australia. 1 April 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

Sources

Fulton, Henry L. (2015). Dr. John Moore, 1729-1802 : a life in medicine, travel, and revolution. Newark: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 978-1-61149-493-8.
Rodger, N.A.M. (1979). The Admiralty. Offices of State. Lavenham: T. Dalton Ltd. ISBN 0900963948.

External links

"Moore, Graham" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Military offices
Preceded by Sir Joseph Yorke	First Naval Lord 1816–1820	Succeeded by Sir William Johnstone Hope
Preceded by Sir Thomas Fremantle	Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet 1820–1823	Succeeded by Sir Harry Burrard-Neale
Preceded by Lord Amelius Beauclerk	Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth 1839–1842	Succeeded by Sir David Milne

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[odnb-1] Laughton, John Knox (1894). "Moore, Graham" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 38. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

[obyrne-2] O'Byrne, William Richard (1849). A Naval Biographical Dictionary: comprising the life and services of every living officer in Her Majesty's navy, from the rank of admiral of the fleet to that of lieutenant, inclusive. London: John Murray. p. 777. Retrieved 28 October 2013.

[3] "No. 16632". The London Gazette. 11 August 1812. p. 1585.

[4] "No. 16972". The London Gazette. 4 January 1815. p. 19.

[Sainty-18-31-5] "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2009.

[6] Rodger, p. 69

[7] "No. 17505". The London Gazette. 12 August 1819. p. 1446.

[8] "No. 19365". The London Gazette. 15 March 1836. p. 495.

[9] "No. 19456". The London Gazette. 10 January 1837. p. 69.

[10] "Obituary : Admiral Sir Graham Moore". The Gentleman's Magazine. XXI: 317–319. 1844. Retrieved 28 October 2013.

[11] "Moore Tomb, Church of St Andrew". British Listed Buildings. 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.

[12] Walker, T.E.C. (1963). "The Diary of Admiral Sir Graham Moore of Brook Farm, Cobham" (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 60. Retrieved 22 July 2017.

[13] Fulton, p. 403

[14] "Sir Graham Moore Islands". travelingluck.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009.

[15] "Cape Graham Moore". travelingluck.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009.

[16] Parry, William Edward (1821). Journal of a voyage for the discovery of a North-West passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific. [1], Performed in the years 1819 - 20 in his majesty's ships Hecla and Griper. London: John Murray. p. 59.

[17] "Status Performance Assessment: Biodiversity conservation of Western Australian Islands" (PDF). Government of Western Australia. 1 April 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

First Sea Lords of the Royal Navy
Senior Naval Lords (1689–1771)	Arthur Herbert Sir John Chicheley Edward Russell Henry Priestman Earl of Orford Sir George Rooke Sir John Leake Sir George Byng Sir John Leake Sir George Byng Matthew Aylmer Sir George Byng Sir John Jennings Sir John Norris Sir Charles Wager Lord Archibald Hamilton Lord Harry Powlett Lord Archibald Hamilton Lord Vere Beauclerk Lord Anson Sir William Rowley Edward Boscawen Sir William Rowley Edward Boscawen John Forbes Earl Howe Sir Charles Saunders Augustus Keppel Sir Peircy Brett Sir Francis Holburne
First Naval Lords (1771–1904)	Augustus Hervey Sir Hugh Palliser Robert Man George Darby Sir Robert Harland Sir Hugh Pigot John Leveson-Gower Lord Hood Sir Charles Middleton James Gambier Sir Thomas Troubridge James Gambier John Markham James Gambier Sir Richard Bickerton William Domett Sir Joseph Yorke Sir Graham Moore Sir William Johnstone Hope Sir George Cockburn Sir Thomas Hardy The Hon. George Dundas Charles Adam Sir George Cockburn Sir Charles Adam Sir George Cockburn Sir William Parker Sir Charles Adam Sir James Dundas The Hon. Maurice Berkeley Hyde Parker The Hon. Maurice Berkeley The Hon. Sir Richard Dundas William Martin The Hon. Sir Richard Dundas The Hon. Sir Frederick Grey Sir Alexander Milne Sir Sydney Dacres Sir Alexander Milne Sir Hastings Yelverton Sir George Wellesley Sir Astley Key Sir Arthur Hood Lord John Hay Sir Arthur Hood Sir Richard Hamilton Sir Anthony Hoskins Sir Frederick Richards Lord Walter Kerr
First Sea Lords (1904–present)	Sir John Fisher Sir Arthur Wilson Sir Francis Bridgeman Prince Louis of Battenberg The Lord Fisher Sir Henry Jackson Sir John Jellicoe Sir Rosslyn Wemyss The Earl Beatty Sir Charles Madden, Bt Sir Frederick Field The Lord Chatfield Sir Roger Backhouse Sir Dudley Pound The Lord Cunningham of Hyndhope Sir John Cunningham The Lord Fraser of North Cape Sir Rhoderick McGrigor The Earl Mountbatten of Burma Sir Charles Lambe Sir Caspar John Sir David Luce Sir Varyl Begg Sir Michael Le Fanu Sir Peter Hill-Norton Sir Michael Pollock Sir Edward Ashmore Sir Terence Lewin Sir Henry Leach Sir John Fieldhouse Sir William Staveley Sir Julian Oswald Sir Benjamin Bathurst Sir Jock Slater Sir Michael Boyce Sir Nigel Essenhigh Sir Alan West Sir Jonathon Band Sir Mark Stanhope Sir George Zambellas Sir Philip Jones Tony Radakin