Gogar

Gogar is a predominantly rural area of Edinburgh, Scotland, located to the west of the city. It is not far from Gogarloch, Edinburgh Park and Maybury. The Fife Circle Line is to the north.

For the town in Dakahlia, Egypt, see Gogar, Egypt.

Gogar

Gogar Kirk
Gogar
Location within Edinburgh
OS grid referenceNT1672
Council area
  • City of Edinburgh
Lieutenancy area
CountryScotland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townEDINBURGH
Postcode districtEH12
Dialling code0131
PoliceScotland
FireScottish
AmbulanceScottish
UK Parliament
Scottish Parliament

Etymology

The name of Gogar first appears in a clearly datable context in 1233.[3] The etymology is uncertain.[4] It may be derived from "cog" or "gowk", a Scots term for cuckoo, a bird with known ritual significance in ancient times, or from the Brythonic term for red, "coch" (cf "Red Heughs" in the vicinity).

The name also appears as a compound in several places in the area, notably Gogarloch named after the drained Gogar Loch; Gogarburn, Gogarbank, Gogarstone and Castle Gogar.

History

There are several standing stones and hill fort sites of ancient origin in the vicinity. Gogar was the site of a medieval village, Nether Gogar, which has long since disappeared, although the small Gogar Kirk (church) still stands as a reminder of the village it once served.

The church was dedicated by the Bishop of St Andrews in 1247.[5] The present building was mostly rebuilt by J. A. Williamson between 1890 and 1891, but the 16th-century south transept is still intact. The church fell out of use by 1602 and was thereafter used as a mausoleum. It is currently a cabinet-maker's workshop.

On 27 August 1650, a skirmish took place around Gogar between the forces of Oliver Cromwell and General Leslie, who was camped in the area around Gogar Kirk. While the marshy ground prevented the opposing sides meeting at close quarters, both sides fired cannon upon the other, inflicting some casualties.

Cromwell described the incident, which lasted from 3pm-6pm, thus:[6]

We marched westward of Edinburgh towards Stirling, which the Enemy perceiving, marched with as great expedition as was possible to prevent us; and the vanguards of both the Armies came to skirmish, - upon a place where bogs and passes made the access of each Army to the other difficult. We, being ignorant of the place, drew up, hoping to have engaged: but found no way feasible, by reason of the bogs and other difficulties. We drew up our cannon, and did that day discharge two or three hundred great shot upon them; a considerable number they likewise returned to us; and this was all that passed from each to the other. Wherein we had near twenty killed and wounded, but not one Commission Officer. The Enemy, as we are informed, had about eighty killed, and some considerable Officers. Seeing they would keep their ground, from which we could not remove them, and our bread being spent, - we were necessitated to go for a new supply: and so marched off about ten or eleven o’clock on Wednesday morning.

In 2003, medieval remains were discovered near the site of the new headquarters of the Royal Bank of Scotland. Pottery shards, rubbish pits, and animal bones were unearthed north of the A8, opposite the bank's headquarters. The items suggest the site was used for agriculture in medieval times.

In 2005, the new headquarters of the Scottish Agricultural Science Agency was openedGogar in farmland bordering the M8.

Notable Graves

Notable buildings
Castle Gogar seen across the airport runway

There are a number of large 18th-century and 19th-century villas in the area – including Gogarbank, Over Gogar, and Gogar Park House.

The most notable historical building is probably Castle Gogar, an A-Listed Scottish Baronial L-plan mansion. It was built in 1625 by the master architect William Ayton for John Cowper, whose father had bought the estate in 1601, and his wife, Helen Skene of Hallyards Castle. The castle replaced an earlier building of 14th-century origin, traces of which can be found in the castle's foundations. The original Castle Gogar (Gogar House), built about 1300, belonged to the Forresters of Corstorphine; in the 16th century, the owner was Robert Logan of Restalrig who sold the house and lands to Adam Couper in 1601.[8] The property was extended in the mid-1700s and again in the 19th century when the Scots Baronial features such as the tower and turrets were added. Castle Gogar was owned for over 200 years by members of the Gibson-Maitland and the Steel-Maitland families,[9] until the death of Brenda Steel-Maitland in 2002.[10] It has since been restored, the restoration funded by development of new homes in the castle grounds [11] The castle itself, including 3.656 acres of grounds, has since been put up for sale by its owners for £2.9 million[12]

Another important historic building is Millburn Tower, a mansion with extensive wooded grounds. It has a castellated keep (built 1806), with a long range of lower building attached.

Transport
The new tram depot in 2012

The depot for the new Edinburgh Trams is located at Gogar.[13] In December 2008, Transport Minister Stewart Stevenson MSP announced that there would also be a new £43m Edinburgh Gateway station on the Fife Circle line and Edinburgh Trams to provide connections to Edinburgh Airport.[14] It opened on 11 December 2016, having cost £41m.[15]

Gogarburn tram stop serves the headquarters of The Royal Bank of Scotland.

Preceding station   Edinburgh Trams   Following station
Edinburgh Gateway
towards York Place		   Edinburgh Trams
Line 1		   Ingliston Park & Ride
towards Edinburgh Airport
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See also

References
  1. "Edinburgh West" (PDF). Boundary Commission for Scotland. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  2. "Edinburgh Western" (PDF). Boundary Commission for Scotland. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 October 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
  3. Bethany Fox, 'The P-Celtic Place-Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland', The Heroic Age, 10 (2007), http://www.heroicage.org/issues/10/fox.html (appendix at http://www.heroicage.org/issues/10/fox-appendix.html).
  4. Bethany Fox, 'The P-Celtic Place-Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland', The Heroic Age, 10 (2007), http://www.heroicage.org/issues/10/fox.html (appendix at http://www.heroicage.org/issues/10/fox-appendix.html).
  5. https://archive.org/stream/fastiecclesiasco08scotuoft/fastiecclesiasco08scotuoft_djvu.txt
  6. T Carlyle, Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches, London 1888, p.175
  7. Bell, Raymond MacKean (2017). Literary Corstorphine: A reader's guide to West Edinburgh. Edinburgh: Leamington Books. ISBN 9780244644406.
  8. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/50717/details/edinburgh+glasgow+road+castle+gogar/
  9. Castle Gogar "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 1 September 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. "Glasgow Road, Edinburgh EH12 9BQ properties for sale | Buy houses & flats in Glasgow Road, Edinburgh EH12 9BQ". PrimeLocation. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
  11. Castle Gogar revisited http://descentfromadam.wordpress.com/2008/08/13/castle-gogar-revisted/
  12. "For Sale, Castle, Edinburgh, Horses, Historical". Rettie.co.uk. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
  13. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/edinburgh_and_east/7302534.stm news.bbc.co.uk
  14. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2008/12/10101843 scotland.gov.uk
  15. "New Edinburgh Gateway interchange opens in capital". Retrieved 11 December 2016.
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