Garuda 1
Garuda 1 was an Indonesian communications satellite which is operated by ACeS. It was constructed by Lockheed Martin and is based on the A2100AXX satellite bus. It has two very large antennas, each measuring 12 meter in diameter. Launch occurred on 12 February 2000, at 09:10:54 GMT. The launch was contracted by ILS, and used a Proton-K/DM3 carrier rocket flying from Site 81/23 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
| Mission type | Communication |
|---|---|
| Operator | ACeS |
| COSPAR ID | 2000-011A |
| SATCAT no. | 26089 |
| Mission duration | 12 years (planned) 15 years (achieved) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Bus | A2100AXX |
| Manufacturer | Lockheed Martin |
| Launch mass | 4,500 kilograms (9,900 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 12 February 2000 |
| Rocket | Proton-K/DM3 |
| Launch site | Baikonur 81/23 |
| Contractor | ILS |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Decommissioned |
| Deactivated | Mid 2015 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Geostationary |
| Longitude | 123° East |
| Transponders | |
| Band | 88 L-Band |
History
At the time of its launch, it was the heaviest commercial payload to be launched by a Proton. During its launch, the Block DM3 upper stage made three burns instead of the usual two. This was the first time that the Block DM had used a three-burn ascent profile.
Following its launch and on-orbit testing, it was placed in geostationary orbit at 123° East, from where it provides communications services to Asia. It is equipped with 88 transponders, allowing it to cover the entire continent with 140 spot beams. The satellite is controlled by ACeS Satellite Control Facility situated in Batam island, Indonesia.
The Garuda 1 was originally to be supplemented by a second satellite (Garuda 2), but the plan never materialized.
An anomaly with some of the antennae was discovered in September 2000, and significantly reduced the satellite's communications capacity. A few years later more anomalies were found, further reducing its capacity by more than 50%. Several curative actions have been taken by ACeS engineers to salvage the satellite and it is expected to survive another 5–7 years.
In mid-2015, the satellite experienced another malfunction, making it in unusable state. After the malfunction, the satellite was finally retired and was moved into a graveyard orbit.
References
- Krebs, Gunter. "Garuda 1, 2 (ACeS 1, 2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
- "Garuda 1". Lyngsat. Archived from the original on 2009-04-30. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- McDowell, Jonathan (2000-02-29). "Issue 421". Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- Karash, Yuri (2000-02-11). "The Garuda Communications Satellite". Space.com. Archived from the original on 2009-05-24. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- Ray, Justin (2000-02-12). "Mission Status Center". Garuda 1. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- "Garuda 1". Geostationary Satellites. Sat-ND. 2000-04-30. Archived from the original on 2008-08-27. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- "Chronology of Satellite Failures". Sat-ND. 2009-03-19. Retrieved 2009-05-02.