Ganamurti

Ganamurti (pronounced gānamūrti, meaning the idol of music) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 3rd Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music.

Ganamurti
ArohanamS R₁ G₁ M₁ P D₁ N₃ Ṡ
AvarohanamṠ N₃ D₁ P M₁ G₁ R₁ S

Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style Tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇa
Veṇu
Nāgasvaraṃ
Gottuvadhyam (Citra Vīṇa)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghatam
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

It is called Gānasāmavarāḷi in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.[1][2]

Structure and Lakshana
Ganamurti scale with Shadjam at C

It is the 3rd rāgam in the 1st chakra Indu. The mnemonic name is Indu-Go. The mnemonic phrase is sa ra ga ma pa dha nu.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

The notes used in this scale are shuddha rishabham, shuddha gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, kakali nishadham.

As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Jhalavarali, which is the 39th melakarta.

Asampurna Melakarta

Gānasāmavarāḷi is the 3rd Melakarta in the original list compiled by Venkatamakhin. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the ascending scale is different. It is an shadava-sampurna raga (6 notes in ascending scale, while full 7 are used in descending scale).[3]

Janya rāgams

Ganamurti has a few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See List of janya rāgams for full list of rāgams associated with Ganamoorti.

Compositions
  • Gānamoorthe sri krishna by Thyagaraja is a popular composition sung in concerts, set to Ganamurti.
  • Pāhi Jagadİswarā by Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna in Ādi Tala
  • Brihadiswara rakshatuma in Eka tala by Muthuswami Dikshitar is a composition set to Gānasāmavarāḷi scale.

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Ganamurti's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 2 other melakarta rāgams, namely, Vishwambari and Shamalangi. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Ganamurti.

Notes
  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S Ṟ R M P Ḏ N Ṡ
    • Western: C D♭ E F G A♭ B C
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ N Ḏ P M R Ṟ S
    • Western: C B A♭ G F E D♭ C
  3. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S Ṟ M P Ḏ N Ṡ
    • Western: C D♭ F G A♭ B C
  4. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ N Ḏ P M R Ṟ S
    • Western: C B A♭ G F E D♭ C
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References
  1. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  3. Shree Muthuswami Dikshitar Keerthanaigal, by A Sundaram Iyer, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai
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