FA Community Shield

The Football Association Community Shield (formerly the Charity Shield) is English football's annual match contested at Wembley Stadium between the champions of the previous Premier League season and the holders of the FA Cup. If the Premier League champions also won the FA Cup, then the league runners-up provide the opposition. The fixture is recognised as a competitive super cup by the Football Association[1][2][3] and UEFA.[4][5][6]

FA Community Shield
Organising bodyThe Football Association
Founded1908 (1908)
RegionEngland
Number of teams2
Current championsManchester City (6th title)
Most successful club(s)Manchester United (21 titles)
Television broadcastersBT Sport
BBC (highlights only)
List of International broadcasters
WebsiteFA Community Shield
2020 FA Community Shield

Organised by the FA, proceeds from the game are distributed to community initiatives and charities around the country. Revenue from the gate receipts and match programme sales is distributed to the 124 clubs who competed in the FA Cup from the first round onwards, for onward distribution to charities and projects of their choice, while the remainder is distributed to the FA's national charity partners.[7] The fixture was first played in the 1908–09 season, replacing the Sheriff of London Charity Shield.

The current holders are Manchester City, who defeated Liverpool 5–4 on penalties after a 1–1 draw in the 2019 match.

History

The Community Shield evolved from the Sheriff of London Charity Shield that had been introduced in 1898[8] as a professionals vs amateurs cup (the gentlemen and players tradition).[9] The Football Association Charity Shield, as it was known at the time, was designed to replace the Sheriff of London Charity Shield after the leading amateur clubs fell out with the FA.[10] The new format was to have the Football League First Division champions play the Southern League champions, and the first match was in 1908 between Manchester United (the First Division champions) and Queens Park Rangers (the Southern League champions). The match was drawn 1–1, so the game was replayed when Manchester United won 4–0. This is the only Charity Shield game to go to a replay. Both games were played at Stamford Bridge.[8]

The competition format varied over the years: in 1913 the Shield was contested between Amateurs and Professionals XIs, while in 1921 the Shield was contested between the Football League and FA Cup winners for the first time. The format continued to vary in the 1920s, usually along the lines of Amateurs vs Professionals, including one year (1927) where the Professionals were represented by the FA Cup holders Cardiff City and the Amateurs by the Corinthians, echoing the format of the trophy's predecessor, the Sheriff of London Charity Shield.

In 1930 the Football League winner v. FA Cup winner returned, and with a few exceptions, this format has remained to the present day. Notable exceptions include the 1950 Shield, which involved the England World Cup team against an FA team that had toured Canada that summer,[8] and the 1961 Shield, when Tottenham Hotspur became the first team of the 20th century to win the Double, and so played a Football Association XI.[11]

The game was moved to the start of the season from 1959 onwards.[11] The question of which two teams should contest the Shield should one team win both the FA Cup and League continued to linger. In 1971, Arsenal became the second team to win the Double since the Shield's foundation, but owing to their previously arranged pre-season friendly matches, they could not take part. Leicester City were invited as Division Two champions to play FA Cup runners-up Liverpool instead and went on to win the trophy, despite having won neither the League (until 2016, when they contested it again and were runners-up) nor the FA Cup (at all).[12]

In 1972, league champions Derby County and FA Cup winners Leeds United both declined to take part in the Charity Shield, so Manchester City, who had finished in fourth in the First Division, and Third Division champions Aston Villa were invited to take part; Manchester City won 1–0. After league champions Liverpool and FA Cup winners Sunderland declined to play, despite finishing the season 11th in the league City also contested the 1973 Charity Shield but lost 1–0 to Second Division champions Burnley.[13]

In 1974, the then FA secretary, Ted Croker, created the current format with the match being played at Wembley Stadium, and being contested by the reigning League and FA Cup holders.[8]

Between 1949 and 1991, the Shield was shared on 11 occasions, after the matches ended in a tie.[14] Four drawn games in the 1980s and early 1990s resulted in each team holding the trophy for six months, but in 1993 penalties were re-introduced to decide drawn games.[8]

With the formation of a new top league, the FA Premier League, the Shield became a showcase match between the Premier League and FA Cup winners from the 1993 competition onwards.

In 2002, the Charity Commission found that the Football Association had failed to meet its legal obligations under charity law, by failing to specify what money from ticket sales went to charity, and delaying payments to the charities nominated.[15] As a result, the competition was renamed the Community Shield.[16] Arsenal were the first winners of the renamed Community Shield with a 1–0 victory over Liverpool.[17]

In 2016, the FA's official silversmith Thomas Lyte restored and rebuilt the Football Association's original 1908 Charity Shield to mark 50 years since England beat West Germany in the 1966 FIFA World Cup.[18]

The trophy was sold at auction with the proceeds going to the Bobby Moore Fund for Cancer Research UK raising £40,000. The auction was held at The Royal Garden Hotel in Kensington, where the England team celebrated the 1966 victory. The Bobby Moore Fund became the FA's charity partner in July 2016.[19]

Rules

The rules of the Community Shield are generally the same as those of the Premier League, with a team of 11 starting players and 7 substitutes. However, unlike in most other competitions where only three substitutions are permitted, teams in the Community Shield are permitted up to six substitutions. If the scores are level after 90 minutes, the teams play a penalty shootout.[20]

Status

An official honour in the English game, the Community Shield is the first competitive game of the new top-flight English football season.[21][22][23] However, it has been considered by some to be a minor trophy and Community Shield games may not be as hotly contested as other trophy finals. The tournament, along with other domestic super cups, generally receives far higher status in the rest of Europe than in Britain,[24][25] where the game has been described by some domestic media sources, including Mark Lawrenson, as a "glorified friendly".[26][27][28] Prior to the 2008 FA Community Shield, Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson summarised his opinion of the competition: "The Community Shield is a prestigious match but I have used players in it who were not quite fit... it's always a game we never quite use as a do or die thing; we use it as a barometer for fitness".[29][30]

On the other hand, many media, clubs and players continue to recognise the importance of the match as the first official game and trophy of the domestic season.[31][32][33] Ahead of the 2016 FA Community Shield against Manchester United, Leicester City manager Claudio Ranieri asked, "Why do you say this question, a friendly? When is the Community Shield a friendly? Of course we will be at the maximum and Manchester United will be at their maximum. The two teams want to win. I am very excited."[22] The following year, Chelsea manager Antonio Conte affirmed the significance of the cup, stating "It is not a friendly game. It is an official game and there is a trophy so for us it must be important" ahead of his side's clash with Arsenal, the team that had denied his club the double the previous season.[34] Likewise in 2018, Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola referred to his side's clash with Chelsea in the competition as "the first final" of the season.[35]

Records
  • The most successful teams in the competition are Manchester United (17 outright wins, 4 shared), Arsenal (14 outright wins, 1 shared), Liverpool (10 outright wins, 5 shared) and Everton (8 outright wins, 1 shared).
  • Chelsea (2010, 2012, 2015, 2017 and 2018) and Newcastle United (1932, 1951, 1952, 1955 and 1996) share the joint-longest run of appearances without winning or sharing the trophy.
  • The highest scoring game was Manchester United's 8–4 win against Swindon Town in 1911.[8]
  • Everton hold the record for most consecutive wins (4) from 1984 to 1987; however, the 1986 'win' was shared with Liverpool. Manchester United hold the record for most consecutive losses (4) from 1998 to 2001. During this period Manchester United also held the record for most consecutive games played (6) from 1996 to 2001 in which they won 2.
  • Tottenham Hotspur goalkeeper Pat Jennings scored against Manchester United from his own penalty area in the 1967 Charity Shield, which was shared at 3–3.[8]
  • Brighton & Hove Albion are the only club to win just the Shield, never the FA Cup or the League.

Venues
Multiple guest and neutral hosts
Ground Hosts Years
Stamford Bridge, London101908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1923, 1927, 1930, 1950,[8] 1955, 1970
Highbury, London71924, 1934, 1935, 1938, 1948, 1949, 1953
White Hart Lane, London61912, 1920, 1921, 1925, 1951, 1961
Old Trafford, Manchester61922, 1928, 1952, 1957, 1965, 1967
Maine Road, Manchester51926, 1937, 1956, 1968, 1973
Villa Park, Birmingham31931, 1972, 2012
Goodison Park, Liverpool31933, 1963, 1966
The Den, London21913, 1929
Molineux, Wolverhampton21954, 1959

For purposes of clarity, venues mentioned in italics in this section no longer exist.

Permanent venues

Since 1974, the Community Shield has been at a permanent home rather than guest venues.[36]

Neutral and guest host venues

The fixture was originally played at various neutral grounds or the home ground of one of the teams competing. In total there have been seventeen host grounds other than the aforementioned permanent three. The first ground to host the fixture was Stamford Bridge in 1908 and the last ground which guest hosted the fixture was Villa Park in 2012, which was due to Wembley and the Millennium Stadium hosting the 2012 Olympics football tournament. Stadiums considered included St James' Park, and the Stadium of Light but Villa Park was chosen for the 2012 contest.[37]

There have been eight grounds which have hosted the fixture on one single occasion, these being: St James' Park in 1932, Roker Park in 1936, Burnden Park in 1958, Turf Moor in 1960, Portman Road in 1962, Anfield in 1964, Elland Road in 1969 and Filbert Street in 1971. Nine grounds have hosted the fixtures on multiple occasions.

Winners

By year
For a full list of the Shield results and scorers for each year, see List of FA Community Shield matches.

By number of wins (clubs)

[38]

The trophy
Team Wins
(outright wins/shared titles)		 Years (* title was shared)
Manchester United21 (17/4)1908, 1911, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1965*, 1967*, 1977*, 1983, 1990*, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016
Arsenal15 (14/1)1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1991*, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2015, 2017
Liverpool15 (10/5)1964*, 1965*, 1966, 1974, 1976, 1977*, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1986*, 1988, 1989, 1990*, 2001, 2006
Everton9 (8/1)1928, 1932, 1963, 1970, 1984, 1985, 1986*, 1987, 1995
Tottenham Hotspur7 (4/3)1921, 1951, 1961, 1962, 1967*, 1981*, 1991*
Manchester City61937, 1968, 1972, 2012, 2018, 2019
Chelsea41955, 2000, 2005, 2009
Wolverhampton Wanderers4 (1/3)1949*, 1954*, 1959, 1960*
Leeds United21969, 1992
West Bromwich Albion2 (1/1)1920, 1954*
Burnley2 (1/1)1960*, 1973
Newcastle United11909
Brighton & Hove Albion11910
Blackburn Rovers11912
Huddersfield Town11922
Cardiff City11927
Sheffield Wednesday11935
Sunderland11936
Bolton Wanderers11958
Leicester City11971
Derby County11975
Nottingham Forest11978
Portsmouth1 (0/1)1949*
West Ham United1 (0/1)1964*
Aston Villa1 (0/1)1981*

By number of wins (other)

[38]

Team Wins Years
English Professionals XI41913, 1923, 1924, 1929
English Amateurs XI21925, 1926
England 1950 FIFA World Cup XI11950

Winners and runners-up by competition
Competition Wins Shared Runners-up
First Division/Premier League[C](*53, including 6 as double winners) 1908, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1928, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1948, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2018, 2019(*11, including 1 as double winner) 1949, 1954, 1960, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1977, 1981, 1986, 1990, 1991(*22, including 2 as double winners) 1910, 1921, 1922, 1930, 1935, 1958, 1962, 1974, 1983, 1984, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017
FA Cup[C](*26, including 6 as double winners) 1921, 1922, 1927, 1930, 1935, 1958, 1961, 1962, 1974, 1983, 1984, 1989, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019(*11, including 1 as double winner) 1949, 1954, 1960, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1977, 1981, 1986, 1990, 1991(*44, including 2 as double winners) 1928, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1948, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1963, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2018
First Division/Premier League runners-up (or other positions in brackets)(*3) 1972(4th)[A], 1999, 2010(*1) 1986(*5) 1994, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2019
FA Cup runners-up——(*1) 1971[A]
Defending champions of the Charity Shield——(*1) 1973[A]
Champions of lower tier leagues (tier in brackets)(*2) 1971(2)[A], 1973(2)[A]—(*2) 1920(2), 1972(3)[A]
Southern League(*1) 1910—(*4) 1908, 1909, 1911, 1912
Professionals(*4) 1913, 1923, 1924, 1929—(*2) 1925, 1926
Amateurs(*2) 1925, 1926—(*4) 1913, 1923, 1924, 1929
Others(*1) 1950—(*3) 1927[B], 1950, 1961
Notes
  1. ^
    Leicester City, Liverpool, Manchester City, Aston Villa and Burnley were invited to take part in the Shield these years because either the First Division or FA Cup winners declined or were unable to participate. Other participants have been the runner-ups of the FA Cup or the defending champions of the Shield throughout the years, however they are listed in this table based on how they qualified for the Shield.
  2. ^
    The FA invited Corinthians FC to take part as an amateur representative against FA Cup winners Cardiff City.
  3. ^
    In matches between the First Division/Premier League champions and FA Cup winners, the First Division/Premier League champion won the Shield 42 times and the FA Cup winner 19 times, while it was shared 10 times.
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References
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  2. "Leicester City 1-2 Manchester United". The Football Association.
  3. Association, The Football. "Martin Atkinson to oversee FA Community Shield between Liverpool and Manchester City". The Football Association.
  4. "Champions League teams' pre-season friendlies". UEFA. 17 August 2016.
  5. "Super Cup preview: Liverpool v Chelsea". UEFA. 13 August 2019.
  6. "Ibrahimović rejoins AC Milan: how Zlatan made his mark in Europe". UEFA. 27 December 2019.
  7. "Where the money goes". The Football Association. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  8. "The FA Community Shield history". The FA Cup & Competitions. The FA. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  9. "4. THE CORINTHIAN ERA :: ISFA". isfa.org.uk. Archived from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
  10. "The Football Association Charity Shield". the-english-football-archive.com. Archived from the original on 23 December 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2008. (Wayback machine)
  11. Swindlehurst, Jonathan (9 August 2009). "Community Shield Preview - A brief history". A different league. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
  12. Liew, Jonathan (8 August 2014). "Community Shield is generally contested by good teams who often win more things – but does it mean anything?". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  13. "For The Record". The Times. 20 August 1973. p. 9.
  14. "10 memorable Community Shield matches". Talksport. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  15. Dronfield, Dylan (4 March 2002). "Charity Shield warning for FA". The Guardian.
  16. "FA to rename Charity Shield". BBC Sport. 8 February 2002. Retrieved 4 February 2001.
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  19. "The FA's new official charity partner is Bobby Moore Fund".
  20. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. "Leeds United England's 12th biggest club, according to Sky Sports study".
  22. "Community Shield will not be a friendly game - Leicester's Claudio Ranieri". ESPN FC. 3 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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  25. "My Football Facts & Stats - English Domestic Club Football". myfootballfacts.com.
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  29. "Relaxed Manchester United to take on Portsmouth at Wembley". 9 August 2008. Archived from the original on 13 August 2008. Retrieved 10 August 2008.
  30. "Neville And Carrick To Feature In Community Shield". goal.com.
  31. Banks, Tony (3 August 2015). "Chelsea's John Terry rues Community Shield defeat to Arsenal". Daily Express. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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  33. "After Arsenal's win, how often do Community/Charity Shield winners win the Premier League?". City A.M. 11 August 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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  35. Brenner, Steve (28 July 2018). "Pep Guardiola says Man City's World Cup players cut short holidays to prepare for new season". The Daily Telegraph.
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