Entomaspididae

Entomaspididae; Temporal range: Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Entomaspis radiata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	†Trilobita
Order:	†Harpetida
Family:	†Entomaspididae; Ulrich, 1931
Genera
	Baikadamaspis; Entomaspis; ?Hypothetica;

Entomaspididae is a family of harpetid trilobites that ranges from the Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician of marine strata in China and the United States.[1]

Description

Entomaspidids, as in other harpetid trilobites, have proportionally large, vaulted cephalons, shaped like croissants or bonnets, with the cheeks freed to be modified into long and curved spines in Entomaspis and Hypothetica. Although the eyes of Entomaspididae are small compared to many other trilobites, the eyes are large when compared to other harpetids bearing eyes. Entomaspidids can be further distinguished from other harpetids by having a continuous border along the rim of the pygidium composed of small, stub-like spines.[2] In overall appearance, the typical Entomaspidid is a near-circular, medallion-like trilobite.

Taxonomy

Entomaspididae is thought to represent the transition between the ancestral Ptychopariida, and the harpetids. Many researchers question the validity of Entompaspididae as a distinct family, and merge its genera into Harpetidae.[3]

Ulrich erected "Entomaspididae" to contain species of Entomaspis and Hypothetica, from the Latest Cambrian or Earliest Ordovician of Utah.[1]

Distribution

The first entomaspidids appear in the fossil record near the close of the Cambrian period in marine strata of Utah and China. They persist into the Early Ordovician before disappearing from the fossil record.

Recognized taxa

The three genera traditionally placed in Entomaspididae include the type genus, Entomaspis, whose species are found in Utah and Missouri, and Hypothetica, which lived sympatrically with Utah species of Entomaspis, and Baikadamaspis, of Late Cambrian marine strata in China. Many authorities merge Hypothetica into Entomaspis.

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References

Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. 1–560, 419. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.
Suzuki, Yutaro. "Systematic position and palaeoecology of a cavity-dwelling trilobite, Ityophorus undulatus Warburg, 1925, from the Upper Ordovician Boda Limestone, Sweden." Paleontological research 6.1 (2002): 73-83.
Adrain, Jonathan M., and Stephen R. Westrop. "Notchpeakia, a new genus of Upper Cambrian (Sunwaptan)“entomaspidid” trilobites." Journal Information80.6 (2006).

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[Treatise-1] Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. 1–560, 419. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.

[Suzuki-2] Suzuki, Yutaro. "Systematic position and palaeoecology of a cavity-dwelling trilobite, Ityophorus undulatus Warburg, 1925, from the Upper Ordovician Boda Limestone, Sweden." Paleontological research 6.1 (2002): 73-83.

[Adrsteph-3] Adrain, Jonathan M., and Stephen R. Westrop. "Notchpeakia, a new genus of Upper Cambrian (Sunwaptan)“entomaspidid” trilobites." Journal Information80.6 (2006).